层序地层模式浅析

维尔等人（１９８８，１９８９）提出的层序地层立体模式，可以说是他们的层序地层学新概念立论的基础，也是他们赖于进行地层和岩相解释的依据。然而，这一模式的实质，仍未超越传统地质概念的范畴。除了术语上的差别外，它与经典的海进－海退旋回性层序模式没有根本的差别。     

用高分辨率层序学研究胡状集地区沉积地层样式

高分辨率地层学是一门新学科和新技术，其核心是地层基准面变化旋回的识别和对比。该文通过钻井、岩心、测井和地震资料的详细分析，对胡状集地区沙河街组沉积地层的中、短期基准面旋回进行了仔细研究，并从砂岩变化、颗粒粒度变化及测井曲线变化等方面进行描述、总结出该区高分辨率层序地层的堆积样式和沉积特征，为今后胡状集地区高分辨率地层研究提供了一种可借鉴的方法。     

松辽盆地东南隆起区登娄库组层序地层研究

本文综合采用层序地层学等最新理论和方法,运用地震、测井、岩芯等分析资料,对东南隆起区登娄库组地层的层序地层格架进行了深入细致的分析和研究,对今后该区油气勘探与开发及井位部署具有实际的指导意义。     

New methodologies for geological surveys

Within the context of Quaternary geology, current developments in the automation of survey data aim at mechanization of traditional data-handling techniques. In this type of automation, computer systems are asked to perform tasks at which they are slow, clumsy, and expensive. The need for continuous human support makes conventional automation unattractive.Traditional geological survey methodology has developed within the framework of manual data-handling techniques. The sampling design, data compression and generalization, the stratigraphic map all illustrate our inability to return to the only hard facts available: the observed boreholes and outcrops and their attributes.The computer can liberate us from most of these constraints. New sampling designs will be based on recent work in geostatistics. Information from existing archives may be captured through free-language processing, new borelogs will be recorded directly on magnetic medium. Lithological and stratigraphic interpretation will be automated and rely on numerical classification techniques. Traditional map drawing will disappear, the general purpose map will be replaced by special purpose univariate and multivariate maps computed directly from borelogs, but influenced by subjective point, line and area data.Experiments with the Quaternary by the Dutch geological survey are used to illustrate the feasibility of this alternative automation. The steps Input (free-language processing), Stratigraphic identification (interactive allocation), and Map construction (multivariate automated mapping) are illustrated.     

碳酸盐斜坡沉积层序地层研究

通过右江盆地二叠系层序地层研究表明,在海平面升降旋回的各个时期,均有重力流的发育,并显示各自特征的层序内部构型和成因格架。低水位期以盆缘-下斜坡混屑浊积岩为特征,陆棚边缘体系域中重力流相对较少;海侵期重力流以钙屑碎屑流及其再改造砂沉积为主;高水位期重力流沉积厚度大、分布广、成因类型丰富,主要以钙屑塌积岩、颗粒流、液化沉积物流、碎屑流及浊流大量发育为特征。      

塌崖沟油区延长组长4+5、长6油层组高分辨率层序地层学研究

本文综合运用了地质、测井等资料,以现代沉积及岩相古地理学、高分辨率层序地层学、测井地质学及石油地质学为理论指导,通过测井-地质响应模型,对研究区进行了层序地层分析。在长4＋5,长6油层组中识别出三种短期沉积旋回,为后期油田开发和研究提供了一定依据。     

Origins of the Rio Capim kaolinites (northern Brazil) revealed by δO and δD analyses

Deuterium (δD) and oxygen (δ¹⁸O) isotope data from the Rio Capim kaolin, northern Brazil, were combined with optical studies in order to better understand the genesis and evolution of the kaolinites. The results show that δ¹⁸O values from a lower soft kaolin unit range from 6.0‰ to 19.2‰ for Ka (size ranging from 1 to 3 μm) and Kb (size ranging from 10 to 30 μm) kaolinites, and from 15.4‰ to 24.9‰ for Kc (size < 200 nm) kaolinites. The δD values range from − 63.1‰ to 79.5‰ for the Ka + Kb kaolinites, and from − 68.8‰ to − 244.35‰ for the Kc kaolinites. An upper semi flint kaolin unit, dominated by Kc kaolinites, displays δ¹⁸O and δD values ranging from 15.1‰ to 21.8‰, and − 71.3‰ to − 87.4‰, respectively. Based on these data, and on the δ¹⁸O and δD values obtained for the surface meteoric water and groundwater, it can be concluded that the kaolinites are not in equilibrium with the modern weathering environment, but they reflect isotopic compositions of the formation time, probably due to the interaction with fossil groundwater. However, mineralogical contaminations derived from replacements of framework grains also had great influence in the isotopic composition of these kaolinites. In addition, the isotope values of the Kc kaolinites from the semi-flint kaolin unit is variable, which is due to the presence of Kc kaolinites of different origins, including kaolinites derived from the underlying soft kaolin unit, kaolinites formed during different phases of paleoweathering, as well as later phases of coarse-grained kaolinites formed along fractures. Due to these complexities, binary diagrams contrasting δ¹⁸O and δD values, worldwide applied for distinguishing supergenic from hypogenic kaolinites, as well as those formed under weathering conditions, can not be applied to interpret the origin of the kaolinites in the Rio Capim Kaolin.     

The geological framework of the Wairakei–Tauhara Geothermal System,New Zealand

The geology of the Wairakei–Tauhara geothermal system has been revealed in increments over more than 50 years of field development. Only two major reviews of geo-scientific information have been completed; the first was made more than 40 years ago, the second (unpublished) was completed more than 25 years ago. This paper is an overview and update of the stratigraphic and structural framework of the system and its controls on fluid flow and hydrothermal alteration. We provide information on new areas of drilling exploration in the west of the Wairakei Geothermal Field and on the first production-focused drilling in 40 years at the Tauhara Geothermal Field. The lithology, thickness and extent of several units have been refined, while new units have been discovered by recent deep wells; five new members of the Waiora Formation are proposed. Nomenclature of formations and members is also updated.     

苏里格气田山1段高分辨率层序地层学分析

苏里格气田单砂体的空间分布复杂,下步高效开发气藏难度大。基于区域地质、沉积相、测井、钻井、岩心资料,以Cross高分辨率层序地层学理论及其技术方法为指导,采用多级旋回层序划分方案,结合测井相分析技术,对苏里格气田山西组山1段进行了高分辨率层序地层学及测井相研究。通过精细划分和对比,共识别出1个长期、3个中期和7个短期基准面旋回层序,建立了区内高分辨率地层对比格架。上述沉积相划分和小层对比格架的建立加深了对研究区砂体纵横向展布规律的认识,为合理制订下步滚动勘探开发方案提供了地质依据。     

东濮凹陷文99块油藏沙二下亚段高分辨率层序地层分析

本文利用测井资料,借助岩心资料,运用高分辨率层序地层学理论及方法,对东濮凹陷文99块油藏沙二下亚段进行不同级次的基准面旋回层序划分,识别出1个中期、5个短期、19个超短期基准面旋回层序,并对短期基准面旋回层序的结构类型和叠加样式进行较为深入的讨论。同时,在对关键井文117井单井分析的基础上,以二分时间单元分界线为优选等时对比标志,对不同级次的基准面旋回进行了较高精度的等时对比,建立了研究区沙二下亚段高分辨率层序地层格架。