叠合盆地凸起区多期复杂断裂特征及形成机制——以准噶尔盆地车排子凸起为例

以高精度三维地震资料为基础,结合构造演化恢复和区域构造背景,系统研究了准噶尔盆地车排子凸起断裂分布和形成机制。结果表明,车排子凸起发育深部和浅部2套断裂体系,深部断裂体系和浅部断裂体系分别发育3种断裂样式。车排子凸起共经历5个构造演化阶段,其中,晚二叠世挤压-逆冲控制了深部断裂体系的初始形成,晚侏罗世逆冲-走滑控制了深部断裂体系的最终定型,新近纪叠加掀斜、局部伸展控制了浅部断裂体系的形成。不同断裂体系在油气成藏过程中均起到了重要作用。其中:深部断裂体系的红车断裂是重要的油源断裂,低序级断层控制形成了石炭系火山岩优质储集体;浅部断裂体系使得油气向浅部层系运移调整,同时形成了断块圈闭、断鼻圈闭和断层-岩性圈闭等丰富的圈闭类型。     

Effect of Compressive Load on Uplift Capacity of Model Piles

Thirty six tests on model tubular steel piles embedded in sand were carried out in the laboratory to assess the effects of compressive load on uplift capacity of piles considering various parameters. The model piles were of 25 mm outside diameter and 2 mm wall thickness. The soil–pile friction angles were 21 and 29° in loose and dense conditions of sand. The piles were embedded in sand for embedment length/diameter ratios of 8,16, and 24 inside a model tank. They were subjected to a static compressive load of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% of their ultimate capacity in compression and subjected to pull out loading tests. The experimental results indicated that the presence of the compressive load on the pile decreases the net uplift capacity of a pile and the decrease depends on the magnitude of the compressive load. A logical approach, based on the experimental results, has been suggested to predict the net uplift capacity of a pile considering the presence of compressive load.     

塔里木柯坪地区下志留统碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学特征及其地质意义

柯坪地区物源及演化与塔里木盆地的古地理位置密切相关。通过对下志留统碎屑锆石的形态特征和U-Pb年龄分布特征进行分析,系统研究了柯坪地区下志留统的物源及其演化。结果表明：柯坪地区下志留统锆石均为岩浆锆石,锆石U-Pb年龄反映的是成岩年龄或结晶年龄,可有效指示物源区;下志留统柯坪塔格组的物源区主要为沙雅隆起西部、塔中隆起及塔西南前缘隆起,之后受海侵的影响,塔中隆起被海水淹没,下志留统塔塔埃尔塔格组的物源区演变为沙雅隆起西部、塔西南前缘隆起及塔中隆起的南部于田、康西瓦地区;满加尔凹陷的存在使得柯坪地区与塔中、塔东地区的物源具有很大的差异;900～700Ma的锆石年龄谱表明,塔里木地块与冈瓦纳大陆具有一定的亲缘关系。     

Interface Characteristics and Laboratory Constructability Tests of Novel Fiber-Reinforced Polymer/Concrete Piles

Conventional pile materials such as steel, concrete, and timber are prone to deterioration for many reasons. Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) concrete composites represent an alternative construction material for deep foundations that can eliminate many of the performance disadvantages of traditional piling materials. However, FRP composites present several difficulties related to constructability, and the lack of design tools for their implementation as a foundation element. This paper describes the results of an experimental study on frictional FRP/dense sand interface characteristics and the constructability of FRP–concrete composite piles. An innovative toe driving technique is developed to install the empty FRP shells in the soil and self-consolidating concrete is subsequently cast in them. The experimental program involves interface shear tests on small FRP samples and uplift load tests on large-scale model piles. Two different FRP pile materials with different roughness and a reference steel pile are examined. Static uplift load tests are conducted on different piles installed in soil samples subjected to different confining pressures in the pressure chamber. The results showed that the interface friction for FRP materials compared favorably with conventional steel material. It was shown that toe driving is suitable for installation of FRP piles in dense soils.     

中拐凸起石炭系火山岩储层预测

准噶尔盆地中拐凸起石炭系火山岩历经近40年的油气勘探未发现规模油气藏,问题的关键是未能有效预测火山岩储层发育带。为此,融合多种技术,在地震资料精细处理解释的基础上,准确预测了该区火山岩储层发育范围;通过地震属性、相关分析刻画火山岩有利储层平面展布规模;利用地震相特征刻画火山岩各类型圈闭;结合地震反演技术,确定火山岩有利储层的纵向规模。在预测结果指导下完钻的探井在石炭系均获得了高产工业油流。     

河南通许凸起尉氏段地热田热储特征及资源评价

河南通许凸起尉氏县西部地热田总面积约170 km~2,地热地质背景优势明显,地热资源开发利用潜力巨大。地热资源类型为传导型层状热储,地温梯度2. 46～3. 26℃/100 m,1300 m埋深水温为42～53℃。主要热储层为新近系明化镇组和馆陶组,热储结构单一。根据地质资料综合整理分析进行地热资源评价,建立热储模型,估算地热田1300 m已浅的热储储存热水资源总量为315. 33×108m~3,地热流体可开采热水资源总量为98. 71×104m~3/a,折合标准煤3573. 59t/a,为该区下一步勘查、开发利用和远景规划提供了依据。     

火成岩储层物性参数模型及油层判识——以准噶尔盆地车排子凸起石炭系为例

准噶尔盆地车排子凸起石炭系发育火成岩油藏,但其储层岩性和物性特征十分复杂。运用岩性鉴定、岩心实测、成像测井、常规测井和试油测试等资料,总结出该区石炭系火成岩孔隙-裂缝储集空间组合特点与规律,即总孔隙度为基质孔隙度和裂缝孔隙度之和,总渗透率为基质渗透率和裂缝渗透率之和,对于裂缝不发育的储层总渗透率近似为基质渗透率。以岩心实测为约束,运用三孔隙度曲线多元回归和FMI成像测井识别有效裂缝等方法,分别建立了基质、裂缝和总体的储层参数测井解释模型。与实测储层物性对比验证,模型合理,为车排子凸起火成岩储层物性评价提供新手段,对其它地区火成岩油藏储层评价提供了借鉴。以储层参数测井解释模型为基础,结合多项钻井、录井和试油资料,建立了车排子地区石炭系火成岩油藏油层判识标准。     

古城低凸起构造演化及有利勘探方向

古城低凸起是大庆油田塔东区块下古生界碳酸盐岩油气勘探的主力地区。利用最新的地震资料系统研究了古城地区的构造特征及演化过程。古城低凸起寒武系—中下奥陶统为北西倾伏的碳酸盐岩大型宽缓鼻状构造,被北东向断裂切割成堑垒相间的断块构造格局。寒武纪—早奥陶世古城地区为继承性伸展环境下稳定的碳酸盐岩台地;在中奥陶世发生构造反转沉积格局产生明显差异;至晚奥陶世台盆格局消亡古城地区结束了碳酸盐岩沉积,沉积环境由台地相转变为盆地相沉积,晚奥陶世末受车尔臣断裂与塔中断裂带双重构造作用影响遭受隆升剥蚀;志留纪—泥盆纪受南北双向强烈挤压整体抬升遭受最大一期剥蚀,经印支运动后最终定型,后期构造作用对古城地区影响微弱。研究表明:古城低凸起下古生界寒武系—中下奥陶统碳酸盐岩油气成藏条件优越,断裂对储层起到建设性改造且沟通下部烃源岩,构造作用控制油气藏的分布,油气勘探应避开南部碳酸盐岩强烈变形区,立足北部保存条件好、储层发育区。     

硅藻土矿分布区斜坡稳定性分析与评价

在嵊县丘陵地区范围内,广泛发育有交替分布的玄武岩和硅藻土层,岩层倾角平缓。在丘陵区此独特的层序地层近年来随着人类工程活动强度的增大,滑体后缘建筑,前缘切坡,造成下滑力增加,抗滑力减弱;另一方面在降雨的作用下,地表水体沿着卸荷裂隙通道浸入到下伏硅藻土层界面,硅藻土吸水软化,抗剪强度减弱,同时地下水水位上升,动水压力和扬压力加大,抗滑力进一步降低,于是产生了低倾角滑面滑坡。通过滑坡形成机理的分析,达到了为滑坡的治理提供依据的目的。     

黄骅拗陷构造运动程式探讨

黄骅拗陷是勃中三叉裂谷系中的一支裂谷，具有地幔隆起，高热流和火山活动频繁等特征．拗陷中发育着四套构造地层组合，对应着三个构造层次。裂谷盆地的演化经历了三个阶段不同方向的构造运动程式：（１）前裂谷阶段经受印支运动近南北向的挤压作用、燕山早期运动北西—南东向的挤压作用及燕山晚期运动北西西—南东东向的挤压作用等；（２）裂谷阶段经受两期裂陷作用，为北西—南东向和近南北向的引张作用；（３）压裂谷阶段裂谷萎缩引起的垂向下陷运动。