发光体MAl2O4:Eu2+,RE3+的长余辉形成机理

提出了Eu^2 激活的MAl2O4:Eu^2 ,RE^3 （M＝Ca,Sr,Ba;RE=Dy,Nd,Ho,Er,Pr,Tb等稀土元素）系列铝酸盐发光体的长余辉发光机理。认为O^2-空位Vo是一种电子俘获陷际，是形成余辉的根本原因，RE^3 的引入使陷阱深度适宜而使余辉时间延长。缺陷在晶格中成簇分布，Vo和碱土金属离子空位VM在高温下可相互缔合。利用电子陷阱模型解释了实验中的一些普遍现象并提出了固相反应法合成此类发光体的工艺改进措施。     

Simultaneous chromizing-aluminizing coating of austenitic stainless steels

Chromium and aluminum were simultaneously co-deposited by diffusion into austenitic stainless steel substrates, by a single-step, pack-cementation process. The mechanism for the formation of diffusion-coated products on 304 and 316 stainless steels and on Incoloy 800 is discussed. The morphologies of the phases formed at the surface, i.e., an external beta layer and an underlying multiphase interdiffusion zone, are presented. The formation of the brittle, , outer layer was minimized by variations in the pack composition and activator. The coated 304 and 316 steels exhibited excellent scaling resistance upon oxidation in air at 1000°C.     

印制板化学镀镍

介绍了采用金属Zn粒子悬浮液活化要镀镍的印制板(PCB)Cu电路表面,使其可以进行化学镀镍的工艺方法,它可以克服Pd-Sn活化的缺点.     

PKA国家参考品的制备

本文应用 PKA 微量滴定板方法,用 WHO1984年建立的 PKA 国际标准品进行标定,制备了我国第一批 PKA 国家参考品。     

高性能活性炭开发生产中的无机活化剂

无机活化剂是开发生产高性能活性炭的关键原料。综述了高性能活性炭开发生产中常用的无机活化剂;介绍了H₃PO₄、KOH、ZnCl₂、CO₂、O₂和水蒸气等无机活化剂的特点和作用机理;总结提出了新型复合活化剂的设计方法及应用。建议加快开发价格低廉的新型复合活化剂;还建议将高性能活性炭生产和酚类废弃物处理结合应用,以降低高性能活性炭生产原料成本和酚类废弃物的处理成本。     

杂多酸催化剂合成漂白活化剂TAED

探讨了以乙二胺、乙酸、和乙酸酐作为原料，采用两步法在杂多酸（HSiW)催化剂作用下制备活性漂白剂四乙酰乙二胺（TAED）的合成工艺条件。得出两步法的最佳条件是：乙二胺：乙酸（物质的量）＝1：2．5，反应温度约120℃，反应时间1．5h；乙二胺：乙酸酐（物质的量）＝1：4，反应温度为140℃，反应时间4h。TAED的产率与杂多酸催化剂性能的好坏有较紧密的关系。     

Pozzolanic properties of reject fly ash in blended cement pastes

Low-grade fly ash (reject fly ash, r-FA), a significant portion of the pulverized fuel ash (PFA) produced from coal-fired power plants and rejected from the ash classifying process, has remained unused due to its high carbon content and large particle size. But it may be used in certain areas, such as in solidification and stabilization processes of hazardous waste and materials for road base or subbase construction, which require relatively lower strength and reactivity. It is therefore necessary to extend research on the properties of r-FA and explore its possible applications. This paper presents experimental results of a study on the mechanical and hydration properties of cementitious materials prepared by blending r-FA with ordinary Portland cement (OPC). Parallel mixes were also prepared with the good ash [i.e., classified fine fly ash (f-FA)] for comparison. Selective chemical activators were added to the mix to study the effects of the activators on the properties of the blend system. The results show that r-FA generally has a lower rate of hydration than f-FA particularly at the early stage of hydration. Adding Ca(OH)₂ alone almost had no effect on accelerating the hydration of r-FA. But adding a small quantity of Na₂SO₄ or K₂SO₄ together with Ca(OH)₂ significantly accelerated the hydration reaction. The results of the compressive strength measurement correlated nicely with the degree of hydration results. It was also found that water-to-binder ratio (w/b) was an important factor in affecting the strength development and the hydration degree of r-FA pastes.     

适用于聚羧酸减水剂的混凝土激发剂研究

提出一种适用于聚羧酸减水剂的复合矿物混凝土激发剂,研究了在不同养护条件、不同掺量下,激发剂对混凝土工作性能及各龄期强度的影响,结合XRD,SEM物相检测探讨了激发剂作用机理,并在连江可门港口泊位工程中试用,测试了掺激发剂混凝土的耐久性能.宏观测试结果表明所研激发剂I型对混凝土工作性能影响不大,能够提高混凝土早期强度,且对后期强度及长期耐久性能无不良影响;微观分析表明激发剂I型的掺入加速了C2S,C3S等矿物的水化,并激发了粉煤灰、矿粉的二次水化反应,混凝土强度发展拐点提前出现.     

硼砂型膏剂渗硼剂的研制

使用硼砂作为渗硼膏剂的供硼剂，对7种活化剂的活化效果进行了研究，发现活化剂的类型和自身熔点的高低对活化效果有影响，氟化物活化效果好于氯化物，熔点高的活化剂活化效果较好，几种活化剂配合使用渗速明显高于单独使用一种活化剂的渗速，利用正交试验法，确定了CaF2,MgCl2和Na3AlF6三种活化剂的最佳配比，所研制的MSG膏剂渗速快，渗层质量好，对碳钢和低合金钢均有良好的渗硼能力。