关于生产精制元明粉的探讨

介绍了以山西运城南风自产芒硝为原料生产精制元明粉的几种工艺,以及国内外精制元明粉的市场及生产状况.精制工艺包括化学除杂法、原料优选法、重结晶法.结果表明,精制元明粉的生产过程实质是一个除杂、提纯过程：对于钙离子含量高的原料,可采用化学除杂法;对于氯离子含量高的原料,可采用氯离子富集法、冷冻法或洗涤法;镁离子较难去除,可采用水硝洗涤、冷冻法.     

羟胺合成哌嗪类化合物的研究

本文讨论了以羟胺为原料环合得到哌嗪及其衍生物。筛选得到了镍、铜、铬、锌、锰／氧化铝载体催化剂，并通过试验得到了最佳反应条件，使哌嗪的收率达95％以上。并根据类似方法合成了2-甲基哌嗪和顺式-2，6-二甲基哌嗪。     

十六烷基三甲基溴化铵活化催化合成香豆素

以无水碳酸钾为催化剂、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(HTMAB)为活化剂，用水杨醛和醋酸酐为原料通过Perkin反应合成香豆素，研究了物料比、催化剂用量和HTMAB用量和反应近结束时保温时间对产率的影响。结果表明：用HTMAB为活化剂，可有效活化碱催化剂无水碳酸钾，提高了其碱性，与无HTMAB时相比，香豆素产率有较大提高，其最佳反应条件是n(水杨醛)：n(乙酸酐)：n(碳酸钾)：n（HTMAB)为1．00：3．00：0．25：0．03，反应温度185℃，反应近结束时保温3h，香豆素产率可达85．3％。     

Perkin反应合成肉桂酸

以无水碳酸钾为催化荆，PEG-400为相转移催化剂，对苯二酚为阻聚剂．通过Perkin反应合成肉桂酸，研究了物料比、催化刺用量、PEG-400用量、对苯二酚用量、回流时间对产品产率的影响。最佳反应条件是n(苯甲醛)：n(乙酸酐)：n(碳酸钾)：n(PEG-400)：n(对苯二酚)=1：3：1．1：0．03：0．02．回流溢度180℃时．回流时间1．5h，肉桂酸产率呵达82.4％。     

哌嗪的生产应用和市场

综述了哌嗪的合成技术和应用开发现状,分析了哌嗪的市场前景。     

无水氯化镁的制备技术及发展趋势

镁是极其重要的有色金属材料，无水氯化镁正是电解金属镁的原料。介绍了无水氯化镁的技术指标，以及由六水合氯化镁制备无水氯化镁过程中脱水过程的理论研究情况。叙述了无水氯化镁的国内外生产工艺现状，并对无水氯化镁近几十年来的研究情况进行了分析和对比。分析了中国丰富的镁资源及多种工艺生产无水氯化镁及镁产品的优势。通过对无水氯化镁的制备技术的分析、总结，提出了中国无水氯化镁产品今后的工艺开发、市场情况及发展趋势。     

Antibacterial activity and mechanism of piperazine polymer

Piperazine polymers poly(ethylenediaminetetraacetic dianhydride-co-piperazine) (PE) and MGF-Ct24E-modified poly(ethylenediaminetetraacetic dianhydride-co-piperazine) (PEM) showed good antibacterial activity. Considering their different applications, the effects of time, pH, and inoculation concentration of these antibacterials against Escherichia coli (E. coli) in unique environments were evaluated in this study. The results indicated that the MIC and MBC values of the polymers increased after the introduction of MGF-Ct24E into PE, but the two types of polymers still exhibited good antibacterial activity in a short time period under acidic conditions. In addition, we investigated the effect of the piperazine polymers on bacterial cell structure. It was clear that PE and PEM could destroy the bacterial cell wall, cell membrane and DNA, and their specific mechanism may be different. For PE, its carboxyl group could react with peptidoglycans on the E.coli cell wall to form holes on the bacterial surface, allowing PE to penetrate into the bacterial cell to damage DNA. For PEM, the alkaline MGF-Ct24E could adsorb E.coli and make it shrink, meanwhile, the PE component created small holes on the bacterial walls and membranes, and inserted into the bacteria to result in bactericidal effect. These findings reveal the potential usefulness of PE and PEM in biomedical applications.     

盐酸曲美他嗪的合成

研究一种冠状动脉血管扩张剂盐酸曲美他嗪的合成方法。以六水哌嗪为起始原料,经酰化、Mannich反应、水解、成盐反应制得目标化合物。目标化合物的结构经熔点测定、红外及1 H-NMR谱确证,总收率为29.2%,经HPLC检测纯度为98.5%。该合成方法成本较低、操作简便、条件温和,适于工业生产。     

红霉素碱水分测定中的溶剂选择

为了比较不同溶剂对红霉素水分测定的影响,说明以无水甲醇为溶剂结果偏高的原因,分别以无水甲醇或无水吡啶为溶剂,采用卡尔·费休氏法,测定了红霉素碱原料的水分,并与干燥失重法进行比较.结果表明,以无水吡啶为溶剂测定的结果更接近干燥失重法的测定结果,在测定红霉素碱的水分时,以选择无水吡啶为宜.     

Study of the properties of the new biodegradable polyurethane PU (TEG-HMDI) as matrix forming excipient for controlled drug delivery

The purpose of this work is to study the ability of a new biodegradable polyurethane PU(TEG-HMDI) obtained by reaction of triethylene glycol (TEG) with 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) to act as matrix forming polymer for controlled release tablets and to estimate its percolation threshold in a matrix system. Matrix tablets weighing 250?mg were prepared by direct compression with 10–30% wt/wt of PU(TEG-HMDI) and anhydrous theophylline as model drug. Release studies were carried out using the paddle method. The results were analyzed using the kinetics models of Higuchi, Korsmeyer-Peppas, and Peppas and Sahlin. These studies confirm the existence of an excipient percolation threshold between 10 and 20 % wt/wt of PU(TEG-HMDI) for the different batches prepared. It has been observed that the new biodegradable polyurethane PU(TEG-HMDI) shows adequate compatibility as well as a high ability to control the drug release.