新型硅蜡乳液的制备

将蜂蜡用复合乳化剂乳化时加入自制的乳化助剂，制得稳定的蜡乳液，将该乳液与羟基蛙油乳液复配，制得乳白色略带蓝光硅蜡乳液，该硅蜡乳液用于绵羊服装革作顶层手感改善剂，除了获得油润的蜡感和滑爽感之外，还使成革具有抗菌和抗静电作用。     

Bio-Wax Latex-Modified Paper as Antimicrobial and Water-Vapor-Resistant Packaging Material

Beeswax and carnauba wax latex particles grafted with antimicrobial agents polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride and polyhexanide were prepared by coupling reaction using N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N’-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride as a coupling reagent. As a bifunctional agent for the surface treatment of paper the modified bio-wax latex improved the property of water-vapor resistance and antimicrobial activities of paper significantly after coating. Compared with the control sample the water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of the paper with coating weight of 12 g/m² was reduced significantly from 2788.8 g/m²/d to 222.0 g/m²/d (BW-Gly-PHGH) thus demonstrating excellent water vapor barrier performance. The shaking flask method was utilized to investigate the antimicrobial activity against E. coli. The results showed that antimicrobial performance was improved substantially when the amount of added modified bio-wax particles was higher than 20 mg/g fiber. The bacterial inhibition ring test indicated that the antimicrobial mode of the modified bio-wax particles was likely based on the contact mode.     

单甘酯与蜂蜡复配制备五步蛇蛇油基凝胶油的研究

以五步蛇蛇油为基料油,通过向其添加不同质量比的蜂蜡与单甘酯制备凝胶油。探讨不同蜂蜡与单甘酯的质量比对五步蛇蛇油基凝胶油流变性、持油性以及硬度的影响,并对其结晶型态、结晶形状进行分析。结果表明:少量单甘酯的存在(蜂蜡与单甘酯质量比8∶2)降低了五步蛇蛇油基凝胶油的黏度恢复值及硬度,促进凝胶油长枝状结晶的生成,增加α、β以及β'型晶体;随着单甘酯比例的进一步增加(蜂蜡与单甘酯质量比8∶2～0∶10),五步蛇蛇油基凝胶油析油率和黏度恢复值增加,长枝状结晶逐渐变短至消失,α型晶体逐渐消失;确定蜂蜡与单甘酯质量比4∶6为最佳比例,此时五步蛇蛇油基凝胶油的析油率为1. 8%,硬度为242 g,黏度恢复值为37%。     

基于蜜蜡制作首饰模型的研究

在对蜜蜡成分分析的基础上,认为蜜蜡中的主要成分黄蜡、松脂、石蜡的调配比例不同,可得到不同的蜜蜡纹理。在首饰设计中,可充分利用蜜蜡纹理的流动线条,实现设计者的设计内容,改变传统雕刻材料铸造后表面质感单一的缺陷,从而拓宽首饰创新设计领域。     

Effects of sodium caseinate‐ and milk protein concentrate‐based edible coatings on the postharvest quality of Bing cherries

Bing cherries were coated with sodium caseinate‐ or milk protein concentrate‐based edible coatings. Besides the proteins (100 g kg^?1), the coating formulations also included glycerol (about 300 g kg^?1 protein) and either beeswax or a stearic–palmitic acid blend at a concentration of 0, 100 or 300 g lipid phase kg^?1 of protein. All coatings, especially those containing 300 g kg^?1 stearic–palmitic acid blend, successfully reduced water loss of the fruits. The edible coatings had a beneficial effect on the sensory quality of the cherries, and there were significant (p < 0.05) effects of the coating treatments on soluble solids, titratable acidity and pH. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

石蜡氧化改质的研究

对石蜡空气氧化改质的工艺条件进行了研究。结果发现 :在氧化温度为 1 5 5～ 1 6 0℃ ,氧化时间为 5～ 6 h时得到的氧化石蜡性质与天然蜂蜡相近 ,而且能替代天然蜂蜡制成稳定的乳化蜡     

皂化蜡催化氧化制备天然蜂蜡替代品

以皂化蜡为主要原料,经催化氧化反应制得氧化蜡,并对氧化蜡进行物理改性。试验结果发现：当催化剂用量m（催化剂）/m（皂化蜡）为0.02%、助催化剂用量m（催化剂）/m（皂化蜡）为1.0%、空气流量0.20 m^3/h（皂化蜡100 g）、反应温度150℃和反应时间7 h时,得到最佳氧化蜡;加入6.0%[m（AC-6聚乙烯）/m（氧化蜡）]的AC-6聚乙烯调和之后得到的改性蜡的性能与天然蜂蜡的非常接近。     

利用蜂蜡制备菜籽油基凝胶油的研究

以菜籽油为基料油,添加一定量的蜂蜡,采用加热搅拌和冷却的方法制备菜籽油基凝胶油,研究蜂蜡添加量、加热时间、加热温度、冷却时间对凝胶油硬度及漏油率的影响。结果表明:当蜂蜡添加量为6%～10%时,随着蜂蜡添加量的增加,漏油率呈下降趋势,硬度呈上升趋势。不同蜂蜡添加量组90℃时漏油率均最低,硬度最为适中。此外,除6%蜂蜡添加量组外,不同蜂蜡添加量组在加热时间30 min、冷却时间24 h时的硬度均为最大,漏油率均为最低。进一步用在蜂蜡添加量10%、加热温度90℃、加热时间30 min、冷却时间24 h条件下制备的凝胶油制作饼干,发现与相同配方下制作的黄油饼干相比,其硬度和脆性均略大。     

Water Vapor Permeability of Whey Protein Emulsion Films as Affected by pH

The water vapor permeability (WVP) of whey protein isolate-beeswax emulsion films was investigated as related to pH. Lower WVP was observed for films cast from solutions at pH 7.0. When pH of the film-forming solution was lowered, resulting film WVP increased. At the isoelectric point, WVP was the highest. As pH of the emulsion approached pI, a sharp change in viscosity occurred due to an increase in protein aggregation. This increase in viscosity probably lowered lipid mobility and reduced interconnectivity among lipid droplets, resulting in the higher WVP. For minimum WVP, such films should be applied at pH different from pI.     

Dependence of morphological changes of polymer particles on hydrophobic/hydrophilic additives

Fairly uniform microspheres of poly(styrene‐co‐methyl methacrylate) were prepared by employing a microporous glass membrane [Shirasu porous glass (SPG)]. The single‐step SPG emulsification, the emulsion composed mainly of monomers, hydrophobic additives, and an oil‐soluble initiator, suspended in the aqueous phase containing a stabilizer and inhibitor, was then transferred to a reactor, and subsequent suspension polymerization followed. The droplets obtained were polymerized at 75°C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 24 h. The uniform poly(styrene‐co‐methyl methacrylate) microspheres with diameters ranging from 7 to 14 μm and a narrow particle‐size distribution with a coefficient of variation close to 10% were prepared by using SPG membrane with a pore size of 1.42 μm. The effects of the crosslinking agent and hydrophobic additives on the particle size, particle‐size distribution, and morphologies were investigated. It was found that the particle size decreased with a narrower size distribution when the additives were changed from long‐chain alkanes to long‐chain alcohols and long‐chain esters, respectively. Various microspheres with different morphologies were obtained, depending on the composition of the oil phase. The spherical poly(styrene‐co‐methyl methacrylate) particles without phase separation were obtained when using an adequate amount of the crosslinking agent and methyl palmitate as an additive. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 1013–1028, 2000