Cellulose nanoparticles synthesised from potato peel for the development of active packaging film for enhancement of shelf life of raw prawns (Penaeus monodon) during frozen storage

In this study, the cellulose nanoparticles (CNP) isolated from potato peel were used for reinforcement of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based active packaging film. The above film was used to pack the raw prawns (Penaeus monodon) at −20 °C, and the colour change, protein content, TVB-N, TMA and microbial analysis were done at regular interval for prawns stored in CNP-PVA active packaging film. A significant difference was observed in the quality of prawns stored in potato CNP-PVA film compared with prawns packed and stored in polyethylene film. The newly designed active packaging with CNP and fennel seed oil enhanced the shelf life of prawns up to two months for both HOSO (head on shell on) prawn and PD (peeled and deveined) prawn. Hence, the study recommends the potato peel CNP-PVA film with fennel seed oil as better choice to extend the shelf life of the prawns during storage compared with polyethylene packaging.     

Effect of chitosan on Bacillus cereus inhibition and quality of cooked rice during storage

Improper cooling of cooked rice at an inappropriate temperature or leaving cooked rice at room temperature can cause food poisoning attributed to Bacillus cereus. Natural food preservative of either squid or crab polymer chitosan solution was added to examine their antibacterial properties against Bacillus cereus in cooked rice during storage at 37 and 4 °C. Both types of chitosan could retard the growth of B. cereus and total aerobic counts in cooked rice stored at 37 °C up to 1 day. In addition, the effect of chitosans on the physical and textural properties of cooked rice during storage was studied. Both chitosans slightly increased the moisture content of cooked rice. However, chitosans had no effect on the whiteness and hardness of cooked rice during storage (P > 0.05). Therefore, both chitosans have a potential to be used as food preservative for cooked rice with no negative effects on rice quality.     

Suitability,efficiency and microbiological safety of novel physical technologies for the processing of ready‐to‐eat meals,meats and pumpable products

Consumer studies and market reports show an increase in consumption of ready‐to‐eat (RTE) foods. Although conventional processing technologies can in most cases produce safe products, they can also lead to the degradation of nutritional compounds and negatively affect quality characteristics. Consumers strongly prefer food that is minimally processed with the maximum amount of health‐promoting substances. Novel processing technologies as pre‐ or post‐treatment decontamination methods or as substitutes of conventional technologies have the potential to produce foods that are safe, rich in nutrient content and with superior organoleptic properties. Combining novel with conventional processes can eliminate potential drawbacks of novel technologies. This review examines available scientific information and critically evaluates the suitability and efficiency of various novel thermal and nonthermal technologies in terms of microbial safety, quality as well as nutrient content on the production of RTE meals, meats and pumpable products.     

基于ANSYS有限元分析深水墩施工技术研究

介绍了丹江口二桥深水墩基础施工平台的设计，重点介绍利用ANSYS通用有限元程序对施工平台的施工过模拟分析，以及对分析结果的总结。     

浮体门设计的探索与实践

水电站泄水道破坏修复工程,是一项风险高、难度大、前景广阔的系统工程。刘家峡水电站泄水道2号孔破坏修复的关键,是采用人工深水软导向浮体闸门封堵孔口,形成门后洞内旱地施工条件;龚嘴水电站10号冲砂底孔破坏修复的关键,增设浮体闸门采用自动潜行式浮体闸门封堵孔口,形成门后洞内旱地施工条件;哈萨克斯坦CHARDARA水电站SYNAS项目泄水底孔修复的关键,采用分次降水安装浮体闸门侧支承的方法,挡住引水发电机组的下游尾水,在泄水道进口检修门和流道出口之间形成门旱地施工。此3项泄水道修复工程在行业内没有先例,难度很大。整体方案具有创新性,并且均已高质量竣工并投入正常运行。     

台阶形陆架上孤立波传播的数值模拟

为了研究孤立波在带有陡升台地的陆架上的传播,用MAC方法求解了二维纳维尔-斯托克斯方程。本文在以下几点,改进了东京大学提出的修正的网格标记法:1.给出交错网格的新的标号系统;2.推导出自由表面上非规则星的新的压力迭代公式;3.对流函数、压力和速度使用了三值悬旗;4.把一维Burgers方程的部分守恒形式扩展用于二维N-S方程。这些使得程序更简单和精确。计算结果证卖,物理上很好地解释了孤立波的传播,入射波分成了反射波和透射波,然后开始分裂、破碎。 本文计算结果与线性波理论的结果很一致,但后者不能给出波运动的过程。     

制丝线FT651型叶片垂直分片机控制系统的改进方案

针对叶片垂直分片机使用过程中出现的劈坏烟箱、纵向移动刀架失控和系统无报警功能等问题,分析故障产生的原因,并对其控制系统进行改进。     

深水大跨桥梁施工技术2020年度研究进展

随着我国经济实力的不断增强、科学技术水平的显著提升,桥梁工程正朝着跨度更大、基础更深、桥塔更高的方向快速发展。在此过程中,桥梁建设者遇到了很多新难题,例如：深水基础浮运下沉过程中精准定位、超大型沉井基础防冲刷、大直径钻孔桩施工、大跨度斜拉桥索塔锚固构造优化、超高桥塔大体积混凝土水化热温度控制、超高桥塔新型液压爬模系统开发等,已成为影响深水大跨桥梁安全顺利施工、长期可靠运营的关键问题。为促进深水大跨桥梁施工技术的发展,提高深水大跨桥梁施工人员解决相关问题的能力,为深水大跨桥梁的推广提供技术支持,围绕深水大跨桥梁施工面临的上述关键问题,对2020年国内外研究者的相关研究进展及成果进行了分析与汇总。     

Effect of advanced chilling methods on lipid damage during sardine (Sardina pilchardus) storage

Slurry ice is a biphasic system consisting of small spherical ice crystals surrounded by seawater at subzero temperature. Its effect on lipid damage (hydrolysis and oxidation) was evaluated during the chilled storage of a fatty fish species, sardine (Sardina pilchardus). Slurry ice treatment was checked alone and in combination with ozone and compared to traditional flake icing during a 22‐day storage. Different lipid damage indices (free fatty acids, FFA; peroxide value, PV; thiobarbituric acid index, TBA‐i; fluorescent compounds, FR) were checked and compared to sensory assessment and nucleotide degradation (K value). According to lipid hydrolysis (FFA) and oxidation (PV and FR) developments, slurry ice showed an inhibitory effect (p <0.05) on lipid damage during storage, as well as an inhibition of nucleotide autolytic degradation. Ozonised slurry ice did not provide differences (p >0.05) from slurry ice alone when considering lipid hydrolysis, nucleotide degradation and some lipid oxidation indices (PV and FR), although a higher (p <0.05) TBA‐i was observed at day 22 of storage when compared to flake ice and slurry ice treatments. However, a lower (p <0.05) fluorescence development was observed for fish treated under ozonised slurry ice when compared to traditionally iced fish. Sensory assessment showed a higher shelf life for fish samples treated under ozonised slurry ice than for their counterparts under slurry ice (15 d versus 12 d), while flake icing led to a far shorter shelf life (5 d). According to sensory and biochemical (lipid matter and nucleotide) analysis, slurry ice has proved to be a promising technology for damage inhibition and quality retention in a fatty fish species such as sardine. Ozonised slurry ice was also shown to be useful, since a longer shelf life was obtained in the present experiment and a pro‐oxidant effect of ozone on sardine lipids was not proved.     

3000m起重铺管船铺管作业率研究

针对3 000 m起重铺管船的运动性能,对其铺管作业率做了相应的研究。将模型试验得出的规则波运动响应的每个自由度的n个数据点通过样条差值的方法编写到不规则波响应谱中,并采用变步长勒让德-高斯积分的方法求解出船舶不规则波运行的单幅最大值。同时,与SESAM程序软件的计算结果作对比,经研究,验证了该计算方法的有效性。最后,将计算出的一系列单幅最大值与相应校准值作比较,根据海况资料,将所有满足条件的一系列不规则波的发生概率相加,则起重铺管船在特定工况下的铺管作业率得到了求解。