吗氯贝胺的合成工艺改进

以乙醇胺为起始原料,经亲核取代、肖特一鲍曼反应和缩合反应制得吗氯贝胺,总收率可达71.2%.     

磷脂在硅胶柱上穿透特性的实验研究

进行了不同流动相组成、进样浓度、流速、温度等对硅胶柱上磷脂穿透曲线影响的实验研究.结果表明在硅胶柱上卵磷脂(PC)比脑磷脂(PE)具有更强的结合力,因而在流出曲线中脑磷脂先于卵磷脂出峰;由于卵磷脂和脑磷脂的竞争吸附,使脑磷脂在流动相中甲醇含量较低时出现很高的过顶峰;同时,在流动相中甲醇含量较高时脑磷脂的流出曲线呈现双平台型,即显现虚拟二组分特性.以脑磷脂为目标产物,通过对磷脂处理量和脑磷脂理论产量的比较,得到了较佳的工艺条件:进样浓度为100 mg·mL-1,流动相为纯氯仿,流动相流速为0.4 mL·min-1,此时PE的理论产率可达0.054 g·g(硅胶)-1.实验结果能为硅胶柱层析分离纯化磷脂提供重要的基础数据.     

Changes of intramuscular phospholipids and free fatty acids during the processing of Nanjing dry-cured duck

In this study, changes of intramuscular phospholipids and free fatty acids were tracked during the processing of Nanjing dry-cured duck. Phospholipids were identified and quantified by high performance liquid chromatography combined with UV and evaporative light scattering detectors. The types and quantities of free fatty acids and fatty acids derived from phospholipids were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography. The results showed that raw duck meat had high quantities of phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylcholine (37.95% and 54.07% of total phospholipids, respectively), which contained high percentages of polysaturated fatty acids. The percentages of total phospholipids, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylcholine decreased during processing, with a concomitant increase in quantities of free fatty acids. The lipolysis of phospholipids, especially phosphatidylethanolamine is the main contributor to the increase of free fatty acids.     

氨基础乙醇-水二元混合物相变蓄冷特性的动力学研究

采用等温DSC法对氨基乙醇—水二元混合物的蓄冷凝固特性进行了动力学分析,获得了该材料的结晶反应级数、反应速率常数、活化能等参数,并研究了添加剂对动力学参数的影响。结果表明,添加铝粉是提高该材料结晶反应速率的有效方法之一。     

农药产品中贝螺杀乙醇胺盐的高效液相色谱分析

用反相高效液相色谱法(HPLC),采用ODS-C8色谱柱,以甲醇-水-为流动相,在230nm下测定贝螺杀乙醇胺盐的含量,方法准确、可靠。     

填料塔中碱性水溶液对空气中微量CO2的净化

在填料吸收塔中研究了NaOH水溶液(0.30～0.97 kmol·m^-3)以及有机胺水溶液(MEA：0.10～0.50 kmol·m^-3；DEA：0.10～0.50 kmol·m^-3)吸收空气中微量CO₂的过程，并建立了该过程的数学模型，用NaOH水溶液吸收空气中微量CO₂的实验结果估算了填料的有效相界面积a_v，并根据有效相界面积以及有机胺水溶液吸收CO₂的实验结果预测了MEA、DEA水溶液吸收空气中微量CO₂的总反应速率常数(k_ov)_exp.由实验结果计算得到的总反应速率常数与数学模型能很好地吻合.     

N,N—二甲基乙二胺合成研究

本文对Ｎ，Ｎ－二甲基乙二胺合成方法进行了综述，并对以乙醇胺为原料经氯化氯乙胺合成Ｎ，Ｎ－二甲基乙二胺的合成路线进行了深入研究，取得了以乙醇胺计总收率达７０％以上的良好结果。     

饱和油酸乙醇酰胺硫酸脂盐的合成

本文以油酸为原料经过适当的途径合成饱和油酸乙醇酰胺硫酸酯钠，并测定其表面活性性能。发现此化合物具有较好的钙皂分散性和很好的起泡性，可以用于各种洗涤剂的钙皂分散剂和发泡剂。     

Preparation of laurel oil alkanolamide from laurel oil

A low-temperature synthesis of laurel oil alkanolamides directly from laurel oil and ethanolamine was carried out in essentially quantitative yields. The ethanolamine/laurel oil molar ratio used was 10∶1. Even though amine served as a catalyst in the reaction, we used sodium methoxide at a ratio of 0.2–2% as a second catalyst. The reaction was complete in 1–9 h at room temperature. The identity of the amide was confirmed by IR and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy.