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富油凹陷洼槽区油气成藏机理与成藏模式——以冀中坳陷饶阳凹陷为例 总被引:10,自引:9,他引:1
随着正向构造带勘探难度的增加,洼槽区逐渐成为渤海湾盆地富油凹陷增储上产的重要领域,而成藏机理的特殊性制约了洼槽区勘探的深入。以冀中坳陷饶阳凹陷为研究对象,通过对洼槽生烃能力、油气成藏时期、成藏动阻力条件以及输导体系等分析,探讨了富油凹陷洼槽区油气藏的形成机理及模式。研究表明,饶阳凹陷富油洼槽区有效生烃范围大,热演化程度较高,存在东营组沉积末期和新近纪明化镇组沉积期2期主要生烃及成藏过程;东营组沉积末期油气充注范围较小,储层物性好,成藏阻力小;而明化镇组沉积充注时期,储层物性差,成藏阻力大,但剩余压力大,油气成藏动力强。洼槽中心区的油气多沿源岩层系中的砂体、裂缝和小断层等进行短距离运移聚集形成岩性为主的油气藏;洼槽边缘区往往发育深切入烃源岩的油源断层,成为油气垂向运移的重要通道,油气沿断层运移聚集形成构造为主的油气藏。富油洼槽区存在"源内-两期成藏-隐蔽输导-短距离运移"与"源外-单期成藏-断裂输导-垂向运移"2种油气成藏模式,成藏动、阻力条件控制着洼槽区有效烃源岩层系内油气成藏的物性下限,而断层为主体的输导体系分布特征及有效性控制着洼槽区源外油气的分布和富集程度。 相似文献
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The important Mesozoic-Cenozoic glutenite-type Cu-Pb-Zn-U metallogenic belts are located at the western of Tarim Basin. The large-size Sareke glutenite-type Cu deposit and Wulagen Pb-Zn deposit are in the development period. They still have high potential exploration; however, the metallogenic mechanism is not clear, so that it is difficult for metallogenic prediction and prospecting. The tectonic and geochemical lithofacies show that the basin system including foreland, intermountain and hinterland basins around Southwest Tianshan orogenic belt, has different controls on glutenite-type Cu, Pb-Zn and U deposits. Firstly, the Mesozoic intermontane pull-apart graben basin in Sarekebayi, which is a secondary basin attached to Tuoyun Mesozoic-Cenozoic hinterland basin, is located at the northern of Southwest Tianshan orogenic belt. The Sareke glutenite-type Cu deposit is hosted by amaranthine irony conglomerate in the upper part of the Upper Jurassic Kuzigongsu Formation in this basin. Secondly, Wulagen glutenite-type Pb-Zn deposit is hosted between the upper part of the Lower Cretaceous Kezilesu Group and the bottom of Palaeogene located at the foreland basin of the southern part of Southwest Tianshan orogenic belt. However, Bashibulake large-size glutenite-type U deposit is hosted in the Cretaceous Kezilesu Group of Jiashi foreland basin. Finally, the glutenite-type Cu deposit is hosted in the Oligocene-Miocene and the top of the Palaeogene in the foreland basin system. Tectonic petrography features identifying the hydrocarbon-rich basin fluid include bituminization alteration, bituminization-discolorous alteration, and multiple coupling patterns between cataclastic lithification and bituminization alteration. Nevertheless, the geochemical petrography features include the rich total organic carbon (TOC), and the hydrocarbon-bearing salt-water, gas-liquid-gas/liquid hydrocarbon, light oil and asphalt from organic matter inclusions in the mineral inclusions, and the ore-forming fluids with low and middle salinities, and the orebody of Cu-Ag-Mo intergrowth, and the oxidized facies Cu, sulfured facies Cu and Mo sulfides. Therefore, the metallogenic mechanism of glutenite-type Cu-Pb-Zn-U deposits is clear. Firstly, the hydrocarbon source rocks have given off the hydrocarbon feeders by the sny-faults after tectonic inversion from the strike-slip sag to compressional deformation. Secondly, the tectonic lithofacies zones, including tectonic inversion zones, regional uncomformity, detachment tectonic belts, conglomerates with high porosity and permeability, are the tectonic tunnels for the large-scale migration of hydrocarbon-rich basin fluid. Thirdly, the argillaceous siltstones and gypsum-bearing mudstones from the conglomerates with high porosity and permeability are the signs of tectonic petrography for lithostratigraphic traps. Finally, large-scale hydrocarbon-rich basin fluid and Cu-bearing amaranthine irony conglomerate (oxidized Cu) have multiple-phase fluids and multiple-coupling structure, and maybe the mechanism for the large-scale enrichment mineralization of glutenite-type Cu deposit; the mineralization of brine with lower temperature superimposed by hydrocarbon-rich basin fluid maybe the mechanism for the enrichment mineralization of glutenite-type Pb-Zn deposit; the multiple mixing of hydrocarbon-rich basin fluid and the reduction of oxidized U maybe the mechanism for the enrichment mineralization of glutenite-type U deposit. 相似文献
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以对甲基苯磺酸为催化剂,催化光皮树油半成品富烃燃料与甲醇进行酯化反应,考察了甲醇与半成品富烃燃料的摩尔比(简称醇油比)、反应温度、反应时间、催化剂用量等对富烃燃料酸度的影响,同时对酯化前后的试样进行了FTIR表征,并对酯化后的富烃燃料进行了GC—MS分析。得到的适宜反应条件为:醇油比10:1、反应温度80℃、反应时间110 min、催化剂对甲基苯磺酸用量为半成品富烃燃料油质量的0.20%;在此条件下,富烃燃料的酸度(以100 mL试样消耗KOH的质量计)由酯化前的3 400 mg降至酯化后的5.95 mg。FTIR表征和GC-MS分析结果表明,酯化后富烃燃料中的酯类成分含量明显增加,酯化后的富烃燃料较光皮树油生物柴油具有更低的酸值和更高的热值。 相似文献
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柴达木盆地位处全球新生代构造活动最为强烈的青藏高原北部,盆地的演化和改造明显受高原形成动力学环境的控制,属于"强改造型"盆地。根据盆地属性及其所处动力环境的个性,揭示了盆地油气赋存条件和成藏主控因素的特点。柴达木盆地前期30年油气勘探无重要突破的主要原因之一,是对盆地属性缺乏深刻认识。改造型盆地油气资源的贫富及分布,直接受原盆富烃坳(凹)陷以及其中的烃源岩在改造后的留存状况所控制,即"原盆控源"。对古近纪原盆恢复等综合研究揭示,现今的柴达木盆地西南部处于古近纪盆地腹部的富烃坳陷区,其中的烃源岩主体保存尚好;确定该区环英雄岭逾3×104km2的地区为巨型油气富集区和重点石油勘探区。强改造作用使得柴达木盆地西部从古近纪较简单的富烃坳陷结构演变为现今由隆起、凹陷、断阶和斜坡等构造单元构成的复杂格局。此改造过程和结果直接控制着油气藏(油气田)的特征、分布、成藏模式和资源规模,简言之,改造控藏。盆地发生强烈改造的时间晚、地下深部的围压强等鲜明的个性改造特征,对油气的成生、运移、聚集和耗散而言,利大于弊。目前,在创新理论的指导下,油气勘探的成效显著,相继发现了5个不同类型的亿吨级大油田。改造型盆地油气富集区的确定构建了区内已发现和待发现油气藏之间的内在联系和预测依据,开拓了持续发现多个油气田的广阔勘探领域。 相似文献
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柴达木盆地位处全球新生代构造活动最为强烈的青藏高原北部,盆地的演化和改造明显受高原形成动力学环境的控制,属于"强改造型"盆地。根据盆地属性及其所处动力环境的个性,揭示了盆地油气赋存条件和成藏主控因素的特点。柴达木盆地前期30年油气勘探无重要突破的主要原因之一,是对盆地属性缺乏深刻认识。改造型盆地油气资源的贫富及分布,直接受原盆富烃坳(凹)陷以及其中的烃源岩在改造后的留存状况所控制,即"原盆控源"。对古近纪原盆恢复等综合研究揭示,现今的柴达木盆地西南部处于古近纪盆地腹部的富烃坳陷区,其中的烃源岩主体保存尚好;确定该区环英雄岭逾3×104km2的地区为巨型油气富集区和重点石油勘探区。强改造作用使得柴达木盆地西部从古近纪较简单的富烃坳陷结构演变为现今由隆起、凹陷、断阶和斜坡等构造单元构成的复杂格局。此改造过程和结果直接控制着油气藏(油气田)的特征、分布、成藏模式和资源规模,简言之,改造控藏。盆地发生强烈改造的时间晚、地下深部的围压强等鲜明的个性改造特征,对油气的成生、运移、聚集和耗散而言,利大于弊。目前,在创新理论的指导下,油气勘探的成效显著,相继... 相似文献
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在松辽盆地深部发育的30多个中生界断陷中,已发现的大中型油气田主要分布于贯穿盆地中央区域的北北东向孙吴—双辽岩石圈断裂两侧的徐家围子、十屋、长岭等3个富油气深断陷之中。这些深断陷的成油气地质条件和大中型油气田分布规律研究表明,大中型油气田分布在箕状深断陷生烃中心周缘发育的中央断垒带、缓坡坡折带、缓坡坡垒带、陡坡坡折带上的一批近东西向继承性鼻状隆起构造与地层超覆尖灭、岩性复合圈闭之中,其中,2个深断陷之间的中央隆起带往往是大型油气田的分布区域。为进一步发现大中型油气田,下一步应该围绕富油气深断陷的上述有利区带展开深度勘探。 相似文献
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光皮树是一种主要分布于我国黄河流域以南的木本能源植物,其果实油可以作为催化裂解的重要原料。本文对光皮树油催化脱羧裂解制备生物基富烃燃料进行了研究,通过实验发现自制的负载型催化剂CaO/KF具有较好的催化效果,气相副产物产率低于12.00wt%,釜底残留物控制在5.00wt%以下,液相生物基富烃燃料油得率大于82.00wt%。裂解所得生物基富烃燃料酸值较高,无法直接应用于发动机。本研究采用对甲苯磺酸为催化剂进行醇酯化,优化条件下燃料酸值低于1.00 mg KOH/g。生物基富烃燃料经酯化降酸后性质接近传统0# 柴油,满足替代车用柴油要求,实现节能减排。 相似文献