杂多酸固相催化合成麝香DDHI的研究

以杂多酸为催化剂 ,2 ,6 二异丙基酚 (DIPP)与异戊二烯 (IP)经环烷基化反应合成麝香DDHI。研究了催化剂种类和用量、原料配比、反应温度及时间对反应结果的影响。反应最佳条件为∶催化剂为磷钨酸固载于活性炭上 ,n(DIPP)∶n(IP) =2 .0 ,m(C1)∶m(IP) =0 .8～ 0 .9,反应温度 36℃～ 4 2℃ ,滴加时间 2h ,保温时间 1h ,产品收率 83.7%。     

麝香酮的合成进展

麝香酮是天然麝香的主要功能成分,不仅可用作高级定香剂,而且还可用于医药,因其天然品来源稀缺,故大量需要通过人工合成而得。概述了近年来合成麝香酮的3种主要方法：开链双官能团化合物分子内闭环法、大环化合物扩环法和插入甲基法。提出由于人工合成麝香酮的方法存在合成步骤长,设备及操作条件较苛刻,成本高,收率低等问题,故实现工业化生产的很少,以环十五烷酮为中间体通过插入甲基法合成麝香酮的途径是近年来研究的重点。     

合成麝香双液相萃取结晶溶剂研究

对组分处于低共熔点的麝香体系提出了一种新的萃取方法———双液相萃取结晶。利用修正的UNIFAC模型对麝香在不同溶剂中的平衡数据进行预测,根据相平衡数据对各种溶剂进行比较,从理论上筛选出麝香体系合适的萃取溶剂,再进行实验验证。结果表明,麝香混合物在加入2种溶剂(乙腈+环己烷)完全溶解后,出现明显的分相,在不同的相中麝香的比例均比初始比例发生了很大的变化,得到了理想的富集,这样就使每种麝香更容易分离。     

气相色谱-质谱联用法快速检测乳类化妆品中6种合成麝香

目的建立同时、快速测定化妆品中葵子麝香、佳乐麝香、二甲苯麝香、麝香酮、吐纳麝香和酮麝香6种人造麝香的气相色谱-质谱联用分析方法。方法以面霜、沐浴露、面膜等不同基质的化妆品为试样,选用乙酸乙酯进行提取,固相萃取(solid phase extraction,SPE)小柱净化,采用气相色谱-质谱联用外标法进行分析。结果葵子麝香、佳乐麝香、二甲苯麝香、麝香酮、吐纳麝香和酮麝香6种人造麝香在0.02~0.50μg/mL浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数为0.9968~0.9992。空白样品添加水平分别为0.20、0.40、2.00 mg/kg时,回收率在83.0%~110.38%之间,相对标准偏差在2.8%~7.5%之间,以上6种人造麝香的方法检出下限在20.0~40.0μg/kg之间。结论本方法简单、快速、准确,可满足化妆品中6种人造麝香的同时检测及确证需求。     

大环麝香香料麝香—T的工业化合成技术

麝香-T具有甜而优雅的麝香香韵及类似于天然麝香的结构,广泛用于调配各种高级日化产品。抚顺石油化工研究院在成功开发了系列FY-13复合催化剂、研究了工程放大规律、解决了过程自控问题并优化了工艺条件后,实现了麝香-T的工业化生产。开发成功的合成技术在50t/a的工业化装置上连续运转的结果表明,装置运转平稳,数据重复性好,产品收率及质量稳定,总平均收率达到了87.1％,具有良好的推广应用前景。     

Preparation of the traditional Chinese medicine compound recipe heart-protecting musk pH-dependent gradient-release pellets

In this study a sustained-release formulation of traditional Chinese medicine compound recipe (TCMCR) was developed by selecting heart-protecting musk pills (HPMP) as the model drug. Heart-protecting musk pellets were prepared with the refined medicinal materials contained in the recipe of HPMP. Two kinds of coated pellets were prepared by using pH-dependent methacrylic acid as film-forming material, which could dissolve under different pH values in accordance with the physiological range of human gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The pellets coated with Eudragit L30D-55, which dissolves at pH value over 5.5, were designed to disintegrate and release drug in the duodenum. The pellets coated with Eudragit L100-Eudragit S100 combinations in the ratio of 1:5, which dissolve at pH value 6.8 or above, were designed to disintegrate and release drug in the jejunum to ileum. The pellets coated with HPMC, which dissolves in water at any pH value, were designed to disintegrate and release drug in the stomach. Finally, the heart-protecting musk sustained-release capsules (HPMSRC) with a pH-dependent gradient-release pattern were prepared by encapsulating the above three kinds of coated pellets at a certain ratio in hard gelatin capsule. The results of dissolution of borneol (one of the active compounds of the TCMCR) in vitro demonstrated that the coating load and the pH value of the dissolution medium had little effect on the release rate of borneol from pellets coated with hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), but had a significant effect on the release rate of borneol from pellets coated with Eudragit L30D-55 or Eudragit L100-Eudragit S100 combinations in the ratio of 1:5. The pellets coated with Eudragit L30D-55 at 30% (w/w) coating load or above had little drug release in 0.1 mol/L HCl for 3 hr and started to release drug at pH value over 5.5. The pellets coated with Eudragit L100-Eudragit S100 combinations in the ratio of 1:5 at 36% (w/w) coating load or higher had little drug release in 0.1 mol/L HCl for 3 hr and in phosphate buffer of pH value 6.6 for 2 hr, and started to release drug at pH value 6.8 or above. The release profiles of lipophilic bornoel and hydrophilic total ginsenoside from HPMSRC, consisting of three kinds of pellets respectively coated at a certain ratio with HPMC, Eudragit L30D-55, and Eudragit L100-Eudragit S100 in the ratio of 1:5, showed a characteristic of pH-dependent gradient release under the simulated gastrointestinal pH conditions and no significant difference between them. The results indicated that various components with extremely different physicochemical properties in the pH-dependent gradient-release delivery system of TCMCR could release synchronously while sustained-releasing. This complies with the organic whole concept of compound compatibility of TCMCR.     

Occurrence and fate of synthetic musk compounds in water environment

Synthetic musk compounds (SMCs) occur widely in water environments. The aims of this paper were to investigate the occurrence and fate of SMCs in sewage treatment plants (STPs) and surface waters. Total SMC concentrations ranged from 3.69 to 7.33 μg/L (influent) and from 0.96 to 2.69 μg/L (effluent) in 10 STPs. The SMC concentrations varied with the input source and treatment volume of each STP. Biological treatment processes had a greater SMCs removal effect than chemical treatment, filtration and disinfection processes. The SMC concentrations in surface waters ranged from 0.15 to 16.72 μg/L and exhibited similar SMCs occurrence patterns generally. The fate of SMCs in water environments depends on their physical-chemical properties and their concentrations can be predicted from other SMC concentrations due to their similar fates.     

略谈两类重要的动物香料及其合成

本文综述了龙涎香及麝香两类动物香料合成方法的进展,并就保护和合理利用自然资源提出了个人的意见。     

Conformational Analysis of Thioether Musks Using Density Functional Theory

A conformational analysis of nine macrocyclic thioether musks has been carried out using molecular mechanics (MMFF), density functional theory (DFT) using both B3LYP and M06 functionals, as well as Hartree-Fock and post-Hartree-Fock (MP2) ab initio methods. 6-Thia-, 10-thia- and 4-methyl-5-thia-14-tetradecananolide, 4-thia-, 7-thia-, 11-thia- and 12-thia-15-pentadecanolide and 6-thia- and 12-thia-16-hexadecanolide were modeled. Unfortunately, there was little agreement between the computational methods at the levels of theory used in this study.     

酮麝香、二甲苯麝香和1,3-二甲基-2,4-二硝基-5-叔丁基苯固-液相平衡研究

The solid-liquid equilibria of musk ketone musk xylene, musk xylene 1,3-dimethyl-2,4-dinitro-5-tert-butyl benzene are measured by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), these systems are proved to be simple eutectics. Moreover the melting points and the fusion enthalpies of musk ketone, musk xylene and 1,3-dimethyl-2,4-dinitro-5-tert-butyl benzene are also measured by the DSC. These solid-liquid equilibrium data and the heats of fusion are reported for the first time. Then UNIFAC model is used to correlate the solid-liquid equilibrium data.It is shown that the solid-liquid equilibria of musk systems can be predicted bv the UNIFAC model.