丁二酰亚胺在乳化炸药中的应用研究

研究了聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺作为乳化炸药乳化剂的技术特点,并同常用乳化剂司苯 80作了比较。研究表明,以聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺作为乳化剂的乳化炸药,具有小而分布均匀的W/O粒子,较强的稳定性及良好的爆炸性能。     

聚异丁烯改性硅橡胶的耐介质性能研究

聚异丁烯（PIB）具有优异的耐介质性能,作为化工添加剂被广泛应用于各种化工材料,将聚异丁烯应用于胶黏剂及密封胶可有效稳定黏度,降低黏温性;同时促进粘接,提高耐介质性能,增加低温下的柔韧性。研究了4种不同的聚异丁烯在单组分室温硫化硅橡胶（RTV-1）中的应用。通过在RTV-1中添加不同相对分子质量的PIB,重点考查PIB对于RTV-1拉伸强度、伸长率及耐介质老化性能的影响。结果发现,添加PIB所制得的RTV-1拉伸强度可达2MPa,伸长率370％左右,同时耐机油、耐水性、耐热氧老化性能优异。     

GPC法研究异丁烯的阳离子聚合反应

用凝胶渗透色谱仪(GPC)来测定阳离子聚合法得到的聚异丁烯,可以验证电子对给予体吡啶对T—BA/TiCl_4/IB/CH_2Cl_2体系的阳离子聚合的影响。     

CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYMERS BY MEANS OF A STANDARD VISCOELASTIC MODEL AND FRACTIONAL DERIVATE CALCULUS

Polymeric materials are known to be more or less dispersive and absorptive. Dispersion has a consequence that the dynamic modulus is frequency dependent, and absorption is exhibited by the fact that these materials have the ability to absorb energy under vibratory motion. The phenomenon of dispersion in conjunction with the powerful notion of complex Modulus of Elasticity (MOE), permits to establish the relation between the real and the imaginary components of the MOE, that is, respectively the Storage and loss moduli. The loss factor is simply determined through taking the Ratio of these two MOE components. The theoretical background for the interrelations between the Storage modulus and the loss modulus is found in the Kramers-Kronig relations. However, due to the mathematical difficulties encountered in using the exact expressions of these relations, approximations are necessary for applications in practical situations. On the other hand, several simple models have been proposed to explain the viscoelastic behavior of materials, but all fail in giving a full account of the phenomenon. Among these models, the standard viscoelastic model, better known as the Zener model, is perhaps the most attractive. To improve the performance of this model, the concept of fractional derivates has been incorporated into it, which results in a four-parameter model. Applications have also shown the superiority of this model when theoretical predictions are compared to experimental data of different polymeric materials. The aim of this article is to present the results of applying this model to rubber, both natural and filled, and to some other selected more general polymer.     

聚异丁烯马来酰亚胺的结构与性能研究

将高活性聚异丁烯与马来酸酐直接反应生成聚异丁烯马来酸酐,然后再与多乙烯多胺进行胺化反应得到目的产物。对烯酐取代度与产品性能关系进行研究,确定了最优取代度为1.12;对无灰分散剂分子量及分子量分布对其分散性能的影响进行研究,确定了数均分子量为3353左右、分子量分布指数为1.78时,分散性能最佳;为润滑油配方研制中无灰分散剂的筛选提供理论依据。     

Distribution of double bonds in thermally degraded polyisobutylene

The distribution of double bonds in thermally degraded polyisobutylene was determined quantitatively by using pulsed Fourier transform ¹H n.m.r. spectroscopic analysis. The double bonds in the degraded polymer did not exist in the interior but at the terminal positions of the polymer chain. These olefins were of the terminal trisubstituted and terminal vinylidene types. The content of the former was much greater than that of the latter. This shows that radical chain transfer predominantly occurs at the methylene hydrogen rather than at the methyl groups of the polymer chain. The average number of double bonds per molecule, f, was greater than 1 and tended to be near 2. Thereby most of the degraded polyisobutylene was shown to have two terminal unsaturations per molecule.     

聚异丁烯磷酸酯的合成及性能研究

以高活性聚异丁烯（PIB）和苯酚为原料（C6H5OH）,三氟化硼乙醚为催化剂合成了聚异丁烯苯酚,然后加入P2O5对其进行酯化反应合成聚异丁烯磷酸酯。通过红外光谱（FT-IR）分别对合成的聚异丁烯苯酚和聚异丁烯磷酸酯进行了分析,结果表明产物为预期产物。通过差示扫描热分析（DSC）,表明聚异丁烯苯酚与高活性聚异丁烯相比具有较高的热稳定性。通过产物与大庆原油进行降凝效果的测定,证实聚异丁烯磷酸酯在大庆原油中的加入量为0.6%时降凝效果最好,降幅为9℃。     

红外光谱技术在润滑油无灰分散剂分析中的应用

应用红外光谱技术对调合润滑油常用的传统聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺类无灰分散剂进行分析,确定了单挂、双挂和高分子量聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺无灰分散剂的红外光谱特征;并对国内和国外几种新型杂元素化(硼化、磷化)聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺产品进行了红外特征对比分析,指出了国内外产品质量差异的根本原因。     

燃料电池用密封胶

有机硅橡胶一直以来都用来做燃料电池的密封材料,但有机硅透气性高,不适合氢气、氧气等高透过性气体的密封。三键公司经过多年的潜心研究,成功开发出以聚异丁烯为基材的低透气性密封胶。本文主要介绍燃料电池概念、构造、对密封的要求、泄漏机理以及开发的新型密封胶性能。     

我国高活性聚异丁烯的生产现状

概述了我国高活性聚异丁烯的产能现况,并对高活性聚异丁烯的发展前景作了初步分析,指出高活性聚异丁烯符合环保的要求,属于绿色化工的范畴,需求将不断增加。