Identification of vivianite,an unusual blue pigment,in a sixteenth century painting and its implications

Vivianite, a blue pigment employed in the past practically only in Northern and Central Europe, but with very limited use, was identified in an early sixteenth century painting, stylistically with Flemish features, from a church in Portugal. The identification of this iron phosphate mineral was made by SEM‐EDS based on the atomic ratio between phosphorus and iron in layers of blue paint (area analysis) and in particles of these same layers (spot analysis). This painting, about which there is no document to prove its authorship, becomes the first case, known in detail, of a sixteenth century painting containing vivianite. Moreover, this find and the presence of a chalk ground, also identified, strongly support the hypothesis of being a Flemish painting.     

Significance of Wood Terpenoids in the Resistance of Scots Pine Provenances Against the Old House Borer, Hylotrupes bajulus, and Brown-Rot Fungus, Coniophora puteana

We tested how terpenoid (i.e., monoterpenes and resin acids) composition and concentration in wood affects resistance against wood-borers and decaying fungi. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) wood from nine provenances having variable terpenoid profiles was studied against the old house borer, Hylotrupes bajulus, and the decay fungus, Coniophora puteana. Provenances represented a 1200-km N-S transect from Estonia to northern Finland, but they were all cultivated for 7 years in the same nursery field, in central Finland. Mean relative growth rate (MRGR) of small H. hajulus larvae positively correlated with the total monoterpene concentration of wood, and feeding was associated with high proportion of levopimaric+palustric acid in wood. Provenance did not affect the MRGR of small or big larvae, but big larvae consumed more wood and produced more frass on the northern Ylitornio trees than on the southern Rakvere and Ruokolahti trees. Low beta-pinene and total monoterpene concentration and low beta: alpha-pinene ratio in wood were all associated with a high number of eggs. The most northern Muonio provenance was the most favored as an oviposition site, differing significantly from Saaremaa, Tenhola, and Suomussalmi. Wood from Saaremaa, Tenhola, Ruokolahti, and Suomussalmi provenance was most resistant against decay fungus, differing significantly from that of Kinnula provenance. However, decay resistance was not clearly associated with the concentrations of wood terpenoids. These results suggest that monoterpene composition of wood affects resistance against wood-boring Cerambycid beetles, but resistance against wood-decaying fungi is not as clearly associated with wood terpenoids.     

Comparing the Variation of Needle and Wood Terpenoids in Scots Pine Provenances

We determined variation in both the concentration and composition of terpenoids in needles and wood within nine Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) provenances. Seedlings of different provenances representing a 1200-km N–S transect from Estonia to northern Finland were cultivated in Suonenjoki nursery field, central Finland, for seven years. Growth of seedlings and the number of vertical resin ducts in wood were also determined. -Pinene and 3-carene were the major monoterpenes both in the needles and wood. The total monoterpene concentration was about five times higher in the needles than in the wood. A strong positive correlation was found between proportional quantities of several terpenes of the needles and wood, particularly for 3-carene, sabinene, and terpinolene. The needles contained both labdane-type and tricyclic resin acids, whereas the wood contained only tricyclic ones. The wood had a four times higher tricyclic resin acid concentration than the needles. The highest total monoterpene concentration in the needles and in the wood occurred in the most northern Muonio provenance and in the most southern Saaremaa provenance plants, respectively. The amount of high 3-carene genotype trees decreased among the northern provenances. The wood of the most northern Muonio provenance showed the lowest total resin acid concentration, but provenance did not affect total tricyclic resin acids in the needles. Korpilahti provenance trees from central Finland had the best growth in height. In addition, Korpilahti and Ruokolahti provenance trees showed largest radial growth of stem and smallest number of vertical resin ducts. The results suggest that especially the proportional quantity of 3-carene in the needles could be used in estimating the amount of this compound in the wood and vice versa.     

数据起源技术发展研究综述*

在总结国内外相关文献基础上,系统介绍了数据起源的概念、内容及其主要应用,介绍了数据起源的基础研究和开放环境下两个典型的形式化模型,然后介绍了其在数据库和工作流及其他领域的应用,对现有成熟的起源管理系统进行了分析和比较,最后展望了数据起源技术的发展方向。     

基于有色Petri网的工作流故障诊断方法

工作流系统的故障自动诊断和定位是云计算环境提供持续服务的基础;为了提高工作流系统的故障诊断准确性,文章提出了一种基于有色Petri网的故障诊断方法;首先,用开放世系模型对工作流进行建模;然后,提出了一种基于有色Petri网的故障模型;最后,将工作流的开放世系模型转化为有色Petri网故障模型,并提出了相应的多故障诊断方法;实验表明,文章提出的方法不仅故障定位的准确率和执行效率高于相关算法,还能有效的识别系统中的多个故障.     

Traceable P2P record exchange: a database-oriented approach

In recent years, peer-to-peer (P2P) technologies are used for flexible and scalable information exchange in the Internet, but there exist problems to be solved for reliable information exchange. It is important to trace how data circulates between peers and how data modifications are performed during the circulation before reaching the destination for enhancing the reliability of exchanged information. However, such lineage tracing is not easy in current P2P networks, since data replications and modifications are performed independently by autonomous peers—this creates a lack of reliability among the records exchanged. In this paper, we propose a framework for traceable record exchange in a P2P network. By managing historical information in distributed peers, we make the modification and exchange histories of records traceable. One of the features of our work is that the database technologies are utilized for realizing the framework. Histories are maintained in a relational database in each peer, and tracing queries are written in the datalog query language and executed in a P2P network by cooperating peers. This paper describes the concept of the framework and overviews the approach to query processing.     

塔里木柯坪地区下志留统碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学特征及其地质意义

柯坪地区物源及演化与塔里木盆地的古地理位置密切相关。通过对下志留统碎屑锆石的形态特征和U-Pb年龄分布特征进行分析,系统研究了柯坪地区下志留统的物源及其演化。结果表明：柯坪地区下志留统锆石均为岩浆锆石,锆石U-Pb年龄反映的是成岩年龄或结晶年龄,可有效指示物源区;下志留统柯坪塔格组的物源区主要为沙雅隆起西部、塔中隆起及塔西南前缘隆起,之后受海侵的影响,塔中隆起被海水淹没,下志留统塔塔埃尔塔格组的物源区演变为沙雅隆起西部、塔西南前缘隆起及塔中隆起的南部于田、康西瓦地区;满加尔凹陷的存在使得柯坪地区与塔中、塔东地区的物源具有很大的差异;900～700Ma的锆石年龄谱表明,塔里木地块与冈瓦纳大陆具有一定的亲缘关系。     

数据起源技术发展研究综述*

在总结国内外相关文献基础上,系统介绍了数据起源的概念、内容及其主要应用,介绍了数据起源的基础研究和开放环境下两个典型的形式化模型,然后介绍了其在数据库和工作流及其他领域的应用,对现有成熟的起源管理系统进行了分析和比较,最后展望了数据起源技术的发展方向。     

基于多粒度拓扑图的无线传感器网络逐级精化溯源方法

针对溯源数据分段传输方法要求所有分段准确到达基站（BS）后才能解码，鲁棒性较弱的问题，提出一种无线传感器网络（WSN）溯源逐级精化方法。首先，在BS端利用商空间划分理论将较大的WSN拓扑图划分为由少量抽象节点组成的较粗粒度的拓扑图；然后，利用字典编码溯源的方式分段传输溯源；最后，在BS端根据依次到达的分段进行逐级精化解码，实现了在BS端由粗到细逐级精化解码溯源的过程，且BS可以根据前期解码出的较粗粒度下的溯源信息判断是否放弃此数据还是须采用更细粒度的数据进行深入评估。理论分析、仿真与实验数据均表明，与传统分段方法相比，所提方法平均压缩比提高约51.8%，平均能量消耗降低约50.5%。     

柴达木盆地北缘红山地区白垩系勘探目标

根据柴达木盆地北缘红山地区的露头、钻井、地震、CEMP资料,采用高分辨率层序地层学观点,对红山地区白垩系犬牙沟群进行了长期、中期基准面旋回层序划分,建立起了犬牙沟群层序地层格架。在此基础上对长期基准面旋回层序进行了沉积相分析,研究认为:两个长期基准面旋回分别对应于犬牙沟群上、下段;犬牙沟群下段物源来自南缘柴达木古隆起,主要为辫状河三角洲沉积;犬牙沟群上段物源来自北缘褶皱山系,主要为冲积扇沉积。并重点对该区的烃源岩和犬牙沟群下段的储层、圈闭特征、成藏条件、油气显示等进行了全面分析,指出Ⅳ号断块为上盘(F7断层以上)的主要勘探目标,红北1、红北2、红北3圈闭为下盘(F7断层以下)的主要勘探目标。