伊犁盆地生成发展概述

本文对伊犁盆地的生成和发展做了初步探讨,认为它是在前震旦纪结晶基底之上经历了较长时间的抬升之后形成和发展起来的双层结构盆地,即石炭纪体内裂谷盆地,石炭纪后山间陆相盆地。     

中条铜矿与秦岭造山带

中条裂谷位于华北陆(板)块南缘的北部,中条群处在活动大陆边缘海域的沉积环境,应包括在秦岭-大别活动带内.从中条裂谷的地质特征分析,如NNE-EW向构造格架、火成岩省、古地热状态及成矿作用等,均与秦岭造山带碰撞作用息息相关.对华北陆(板)块南缘,南、北秦岭造山带,扬子陆(板)块北缘4个构造单元的地壳和上地幔元素丰度比较,可知扬子陆(板)块以富含Cu为特征.由于古元古代以前,扬子陆(板)块已俯冲到华北陆(板)块之下,同时古热幔柱脉动式活动频繁,为成矿作用提供了矿质来源,在中条裂谷的深部形成含铜(金)的成矿物质场,又有基性和酸性岩浆的喷发和侵入,以及具中低温、压的古地热构造环境,为创建释放热流场和成矿动力场奠定了控矿基础.     

路面半刚性基层横向裂缝的研究

通过对几条公路路面横向裂缝进行的调查分析，研究了路面半刚性基层的横向裂缝产生的原因和机理，提出了减少基层横向裂缝的方法和避免基层横向裂缝反射至油面的方法。     

琼北新生代火山作用与构造环境

海南岛北部广泛分布的新生代火山岩，严格受“雷琼坳陷带”边界的控制，其中碱性玄武岩系列的岩石，主要分布在坳陷带边部，形成于上第三纪；拉斑玄武岩系列的岩石，主要分布在坳陷带中心部位，形成于第四纪。玄武岩以富Ｋ，Ｐ，Ｒｂ，Ｚｒ，Ｓｒ，Ｂａ，Ｔｈ，Ｔａ，Ｎｂ，ＬＲＥＥ，贫Ｙ及Ｙ／Ｎｂ＜１为特征，显示板内大陆裂谷岩浆作用的特点。     

预防预应力混凝土梁端开裂的措施

桥梁后张法预应力梁端锚下混凝土局部承受很大压应力，在工程中张拉钢绞线时会遇到锚下受压区混凝土开裂的情况。通过计算、经验进行适当地配筋以及改进张拉工艺就可以避免这种情况的发生。     

水泥混凝土路面早期裂缝的原因及防治

对造成水泥混凝土路面早期裂缝的原因进行了分析，并提出防治措施。     

浅议堤防的维护与度汛抢险措施

介绍了堤防的过量沉降、裂缝的处理方法，在汛期防止堤防漫顶、防风浪及工程实践中防滑坡的处理措施。     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY AND HYDROCARBON POTENTIAL OF THE GUBAN BASIN,NORTHERN SOMALILAND

The Guban Basin is a NW‐SE trending Mesozoic‐Tertiary rift basin located in northern Somaliland (NW Somalia) at the southern coast of the Gulf of Aden. Only seven exploration wells have been drilled in the basin, making it one of the least explored basins in the Horn of Africa – southern Arabia region. Most of these wells encountered source, reservoir and seal rocks. However, the wells were based on poorly understood subsurface geology and were located in complex structural areas. The Guban Basin is composed of a series of on‐ and offshore sub‐basins which cover areas of 100s to 1000s of sq. km and which contain more than 3000 m of sedimentary section. Seismic, gravity, well, outcrop and geochemical data are used in this study to investigate the petroleum systems in the basin. The basin contains mature source rocks with adequate levels of organic carbon together with a variety of reservoir rocks. The principal exploration play is the Mesozoic petroleum system with mature source rocks (Upper Jurassic Gahodleh and Daghani shales) and reservoirs of Upper Jurassic to Miocene age. Maturity data suggest that maximum maturity was achieved prior to Oligocene rift‐associated uplift and unroofing. Renewed charge may have commenced during post‐ Oligocene‐Miocene rifting as a result of the increased heat flows and the increased depth of burial of the Upper Jurassic source rocks in localised depocentres. The syn‐rift Oligocene‐Miocene acts as a secondary objective owing to its low maturity except possibly in localised offshore sub‐basins. Seals include various shale intervals some of which are also source rocks, and the Lower Eocene evaporites of the Taleh Anhydrite constitute an effective regional seal. Traps are provided by drag and rollover anticlines associated with tilted fault blocks. However, basaltic volcanism and trap breaching as a consequence of the Afar plume and Oligocene‐Miocene rifting of the Gulf of Aden cause considerable exploration risk in the Guban Basin.     

四川盆地震旦纪—早寒武世克拉通内裂陷地质特征

随着四川盆地震旦系—寒武系天然气勘探取得重大突破,地质认识也有了新的变化,其中之一就是在川中高石梯一磨溪地区西侧发现了一个近南北向展布的负向构造带,但对其构造性质、边界特征与展布范围、沉积充填特征、形成时期与演化等方面的认识还存在着较多分歧。由于该负向构造带与安岳震旦系寒武系特大型气田的形成关系十分密切,因此有必要对其进行深入研究。通过分析该区震旦系—寒武系钻井资料和野外剖面观察,利用27 000 km二维地震资料和最新钻井资料(高石17井),结合该盆地区域构造背景,研究了绵竹—长宁克拉通内裂陷边界与展布、地层沉积特征和演化过程。结果表明:①该裂陷总体呈南北向展布,裂陷东边界陡,相对稳定发育,裂陷西边界缓且不同时期发育位置不同;②震旦纪灯二期末该裂陷表现为近似对称的坳陷形态特征,分布面积为3×10~4 km~2;③灯四期末其又表现为受裂陷东边界断层控制的东陡西缓的断陷形态特征,分布范围达8×10~4 km~2;④该裂陷演化分为震旦纪灯一期一灯二期坳陷雏形形成、灯三期—灯四期裂陷形成发育、早寒武世麦地坪期—筇竹寺期裂陷充填与沉降、早寒武世沧浪铺期—龙王庙期裂陷萎缩与消亡等4个阶段。结论认为:该裂陷两侧震旦系—寒武系天然气成藏条件优越,是该区今后的主要勘探方向。