公路隧道钢筋混凝土衬砌碳化耐久性区划

为了构建公路隧道衬砌碳化耐久性的定量设计方法,对比各碳化深度计算模型与实测数据,选定衬砌碳化的最优模型;根据实测数据分析隧道环境温湿度与洞外大气关系,基于全国气象监测站的温湿度数据,建立公路隧道运营环境温湿度区划;考虑公路隧道CO₂的释放源项并参照实测数据,构建隧道运营环境CO₂体积分数的计算方法;以碳化劣化速率梯度相等为原则,对我国隧道碳化环境进行分区,结合分区推荐我国公路隧道衬砌碳化耐久性定量设计的具体方法. 研究发现：隧道环境湿度与大气湿度相当,隧道环境温度变化趋势与大气环境一致,两者均值接近. 公路隧道内部CO₂体积分数与CO体积分数呈线性关系. 云南、贵州区修建的隧道工程衬砌受环境影响较大,西藏、青海、内蒙古、黑龙江、吉林等地区的待建隧道在进行衬砌耐久性设计时可以忽略碳化影响,其余全国大面积区域隧道衬砌的碳化耐久性设计可以对应《混凝土结构耐久性设计标准》中环境作用等级中的“轻度”进行设计.     

地下水化学成分的时空变化规律分析

分析了地下水化学成分的时空变化规律,指出气候、地貌和岩性等因素对地下水化学成分分带性有影响,说明了地下水化学成分分带异常的原因;同时也阐明了影响地下水化学的因素在一定的时期内不会有显著改变,地下水化学的演化具有趋势性,否则,地下水演化方向就会变化。     

新疆MXZ油田储层有效厚度划分标准

新疆MXZ油田为复杂砂砾岩储层,油藏评价和储量计马相对值和声波时差有效地判断出渗透层,结合电性特征,从渗透层中识别出油水层,综合应用测井、取心、试油及分析化验等多种资料,建立了复杂砂砾岩储层的有效厚度划分标准.据此标准,划分了MXZ油田共11口单井的有效厚度.     

找寻、勘探和评价块状硫化物型铜矿值得注意的几个问题

本文阐述不同块状硫化物矿床类型的大地构造环境、矿物学、地球化学和分带性，以及在成矿期后运动期间变质作用、岩浆作用和热液作用过程中的改造作用和叠加作用，并对值得进一步勘探的块状硫化物型铜矿提出某些建议。     

藏东玉龙斑岩型铜(-钼-金)矿床地质特征及找矿标志

玉龙斑岩铜(-钼-金)矿床处于特提斯喜马拉雅构造域东部的三江特提斯造山带的北缘,受区域上恒星错-甘龙拉背斜和喜山期岩浆侵位的双重控制.本文通过对玉龙斑岩铜(-钼-金)矿床详细野外地质调查,发现斑岩型铜(-钼-金)矿体主要赋存于浅成-超浅成的二长花岗斑岩复式岩体中,空间上呈蘑菇状,平面上呈梨状.矿石构造主要以网脉状构造和...     

内蒙甲-查银多金属矿田地质特征、成矿中心与隐伏矿体预测

作者根据对甲－查银多金属矿床成矿环境、控矿条件、矿体分布规律的研究总结，并应用矿化富集积数研究成矿元素的分带特征，得出：甲－查矿区存在一个成矿中心，该区域是实现找矿突破、寻找隐伏、柱状或厚板状Ｃｕ、Ａｇ、Ｚｎ富集型矿体的最佳目标。     

AUTOMATIC DELINEATION OF FUNCTIONAL RIVER REACH BOUNDARIES FOR RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS

The river reach is a pervasive term within contemporary river research and applications. Yet, despite its prevalence, there is a notable lack of consistency in its definition. This paper identifies the presence of two broad types of reach definition within the academic literature, operational and functional, and argues that a functional definition is more suitable for applications within river research and management. A range of sequence zonation algorithms that were originally derived for geological well‐log analysis were compared for their ability to automatically identify functional reach boundaries. An analysis of variance‐based global boundary hunting algorithm was identified as the most suitable. To demonstrate the potential practical applications of automatic reach delineation methods, two case studies where functional reach boundaries have been identified were described: first, in a sequence of predicted sediment transport capacities for use in a reach‐based sediment transport model; and second, in a sequence of RHS Habitat Quality Assessment scores for identification of lengths of channel in need of habitat restoration efforts. Finally, the paper discusses how this type of functional reach identification procedure might be applied in other areas of river research and applications and how a multivariate version of a statistical zonation algorithm might prove useful in facilitating integrated catchment management by identifying reach boundaries common across all variables of interest in the system. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

西安市主城区地下水源热泵适宜性分区研究

根据西安市主城区水文地质条件和环境保护条件,建立了西安市地下水源热泵适宜性评价体系,利用最小信息熵原理将主观赋权法(层次分析法)和客观赋权法(熵值法)相结合得到各评价指标的组合权重。在确定了评分体系的基础上,采用综合指数法得到西安市主城区水源热泵适宜性分区结果:研究区范围内,地下水源热泵适宜区面积为171.228km2,较适宜区面积为369.234km2,不适宜区面积为160.407km2,禁建区面积为131.002km2。研究结果为西安市水源热泵的规划选址提供了依据。     

Energy hierarchy and urban landscape system

The study of ecosystems suggests principles by which the flow of energy generates hierarchies in all systems. From viewpoint of ecological energetics, urban system lies on the highest level of ecosystem hierarchy. The main objective of this paper is to study the effect of energy flows on the hierarchies and spatial organization of urban zonation. This research uses Taipei metropolitan region as the area for the case study. “Emergy” is used as the principal conceptual tool for energy analysis; “transformity” is used to measure the hierarchies of land uses and urban landscape systems. Based on the calculation of the spatial distribution of energy flows, using GIS, the empower density and transformity increase from rural to urban center. In order to delineate zones of different energetics, the 1178 administrative districts of the Taipei metropolitan region are used as units for multivariate classification, in which 19 variables of energy flows are condensed into four factors. The factor scores of each districts are then used as input for cluster analysis and discriminate analysis. As a result, different energy structures, and subsequently, different types and amount of energy flows tend to associate with different intensities of urbanization. The Taipei metropolitan region is classified into six energetic zones: mixed-use urban core; high density urban residential district; service and manufacturing urban district; agricultural district, newly developed suburban district; and natural area. The calculation of transformity and emergy indices further establish the hierarchical order of these zones. The distribution of the six energetic zones, reveals the spatial energetic hierarchies of Taipei metropolitan region. The implication of energetic characteristics to planning practice is also discussed to conclude this research.     

论楔状地层岩性油藏中的异常油水分异

冀中坳陷的多年勘探实践发现,楔状地层岩性油藏中存在异常油水分异现象。楔状地层岩性油藏的形成应具备的首要条件是存在楔状地层(地层不整合、地层超覆)和岩性上倾尖灭圈闭,再者是丰富的油源驱替赋存于圈闭中的地层水而形成油藏;该油藏最显著的特点是在其顶部存在残存地层水。本文论述了楔状地层岩性油藏的五个分带特征及其形成机制,通过实例阐述了该类油藏的勘探要领。