Mixing characteristics for the single and air-water two-phase flows in miniaturized parallel multichannel-based devices

Investigation on the miniaturized parallel multichannel-based devices packed with glass beads to improve the mass exchange execution is the critical focal point of the current study. One of the essential parameters to specify the miniaturized devices' flow distribution is the residence time distribution (RTD). In the present context, the RTDs of a liquid tracer were investigated for the air-water multiphase flows (concurrent) across the multichannel-based miniaturized devices (comprising of 11 similar dimensional parallel channels). The devices were variable in height and packed with glass beads. The conductivity estimations generated the RTD curves and were addressed by the axial dispersion model (ADM). The fluid-flow rates differed within the range of 5–23 ml min⁻¹. The axial dispersion coefficients and the rate of the specific energy dispersion were investigated. The effects of pressure difference and geometry on the hydrodynamic attributes and mixing properties were well-illustrated, and the new correlations were suggested.     

Photopolymerization synthesis of polyacrylic acid dispersant with methoxysilicon end groups and its application in a nano‐SiO2 aqueous system

In order to improve the dispersity and stability of the nano‐SiO₂ aqueous system with high solid content, a kind of polyacrylic acid dispersant with methoxysilicon end groups (KH590‐PAA) was synthesized by photopolymerization of acrylic acid (AA) initiated with (3‐mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane (KH590). After adding KH590‐PAA into the nano‐SiO₂ aqueous dispersion system (20 wt% solid content), the viscosity and the curing time of the system were measured with a rotational viscometer and the inverted bottle method. Moreover, the dispersion mechanism of KH590‐PAA for the nano‐SiO₂ aqueous system was researched by measuring the adsorption capacity, the particle size and the zeta potential of the nanoparticles with a conductivity meter, dynamic light scattering, SEM and TEM, respectively. The results showed that the methoxysilicon groups in KH590‐PAA could react with hydroxyl groups on the surface of nano‐SiO₂ in the process of stirring, which enhanced the adsorption capacity of the dispersant and then increased the surface charge of the particles. Therefore, electrostatic repulsion and steric hindrance effects between the SiO₂ nanoparticles could be further enhanced by adding the KH590‐PAA dispersant, and then the nano‐SiO₂ aqueous system exhibited better dispersity and stability. Besides, the dispersion properties of SiO₂ nanoparticles in water were closely related to the addition amount and the molecular weight of the KH590‐PAA dispersant. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry     

亲水作用色谱-串联质谱法测定动物源运动食品中3种氨基糖苷类抗生素的残留量

该研究建立了一种亲水交互作用色谱-串联质谱（HILIC-MS/MS）法测定动物源运动食品中潮霉素B、新霉素、安普霉素3种氨基糖苷类抗生素残留量的方法。结果表明，样品经Sielc Obelisc R柱分离，采用0.1%甲酸水溶液-乙腈梯度洗脱，可以实现3种目标物组分的分离。在此条件下，3种氨基糖苷类抗生素在5～500 ng/mL的质量浓度范围内线性关系良好，相关系数R2为0.999 5～0.999 9，检出限均为15 μg/kg，定量限均为50 μg/kg，保留时间的日间和日内相对标准偏差（RSD）分别为3.5%～7.9%和3.5%～4.1%，峰面积的日间和日内RSD分别为3.6%～7.4%和3.2%～3.9%，加标回收率为85.7%～93.6%，回收率试验结果的RSD为3.1%～5.2%。该方法可以满足动物源运动食品中3种氨基糖苷类抗生素的检测需求。     

Co-precipitation of nano Mg–Y/ZrO2 ternary oxide eutectic system: Effects of calcination temperature

In the family of inorganic nanomaterials, zirconia is a highly promising functional ceramic with a high refractive index, hardness, and dielectric constant, as well as excellent chemical inertness and thermal stability. These properties are enhanced in nano-zirconia ceramics, because nanopowders have a small particle size, good morphology, and uniform and dispersive distribution. In this study, a co-precipitation process was proposed to synthesise highly dispersed MgO–Y₂O₃ co-stabilized ZrO₂ nanopowders. The effects of different calcination temperatures on the crystallisation degree and particle dispersion of zirconia nanopowders were characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nitrogen adsorption using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) theory, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The optimum synthesis conditions were obtained as follows: 6 h of high-energy planetary grinding and calcination at 800 °C in an electric furnace. Under these optimum conditions, the average particle size of the prepared powder was 28.7 nm. This process enriches the literature on the controllable preparation of Mg–Y/ZrO₂ nanopowders obtained by the co-precipitation method.     

Toughness enhancement and equivalent initial fracture toughness of cementitious composite reinforced with aligned steel fibres

Based on theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, the impact of steel fibres on the stress intensity factor (SIF) at the crack tip for cementitious composite was studied. The enhanced toughness of steel fibre reinforced cementitious composite (SFRC) in resisting cracks was explained by the decrement of SIF caused by steel fibre inclusions at the crack tip of the composite. The equivalent initial fracture toughness was used to characterize the crack initiation of SFRC. A simplified method for determining the of SFRC was proposed based on a linear regression method. Fracture tests were conducted on three‐point bending notched beams with different steel fibre volume fractions and specimen sizes to study the crack initiation behaviour of aligned steel fibre reinforced cementitious composite (ASFRC). of ASFRC was calculated, and the size effect of was analysed. The results showed that slightly increased with the steel fibre volume fraction and gradually became stable. For the tested specimens, whose heights varied between 40 and 100 mm, the specimen size had little impact on the .     

郭庄煤业选煤厂振动筛筛选形式的优化研究

针对郭庄煤业选煤厂振动筛振动筛分方式可靠性差、筛分效率低下、物料筛分率低的难题,本文提出了三种新的振动筛分方案,对不同筛分方案的实际应用效果进行了分析。结果表明三移动一摆动的振动筛分方式对物料的综合分散度最高,稳定性好,该筛分方案已在郭庄煤业选煤厂煤炭筛分过程中得到了全面的应用。     

海上稠油油田蒸汽吞吐产量确定新方法

针对目前蒸汽吞吐产量预测模型假设条件简单、普适性差等问题,一般采用测试法和类比法综合确定海上稠油油田蒸汽吞吐初期产量。由于目前海上油田通常只开展常规测试,无法直接获得热采开发初期产量。笔者提出海上稠油油田蒸汽吞吐初期产量确定新方法,建立蒸汽吞吐相对于常规开发的初期产量倍数预测模型,通过蒸汽吞吐产量倍数,将常规测试确定的产量转化为蒸汽吞吐产量。研究表明,蒸汽吞吐初期产量倍数主要受储集层渗透率、原油黏度、注入强度、蒸汽干度等因素影响,利用正交试验设计和多元回归等方法,建立海上稠油油田蒸汽吞吐初期产量倍数与油藏地质参数及注入参数之间的非线性预测模型,该模型经实际生产数据验证,预测误差小于5%,可靠性高,能够为海上稠油油田蒸汽吞吐初期产量的确定提供依据。     

高分散度Pt/C电催化剂的制备

Cabot公司Vulcan XC-72型炭黑，经过H2O2氧化处理后作为Pt的载体，H2PtCl6作为金属前驱体制备了高度分散的Pt/C催化剂。讨论了不同条件下H2PtCl6在炭黑上的吸附性能。载体经过H2O2氧化处理24h,H2PtCl6在pH=9下吸收48h，H2 350℃还原2h，可以制备出铂晶粒平均大小为1.8nm的Pt/C电催化剂。