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1.
应用Nd:YAG激光(波长1.06μm,功率5w,照射时间0.5-3 min)和Ar+激光(波长488nm,功率70mw,照射时间5-15min)对长期保存的不同保存形式的塔胞藻(Pyramidomonassp.)进行辐照处理。研究了不同剂量激光辐照对藻体生长和叶绿素含量的影响。实验结果表明:照射剂量为60s的Nd:YAG激光及剂量为15min的Ar+激光对液体保存形式的藻种有较明显的促长效果,接种后这两种激光处理组的比生长速率分别较对照提高达53.33%和28.89%,叶绿素含量分别增加73.33%和65.69%。两种激光对液体保存藻种的活化效果均好于固体保存种。  相似文献   
2.
The effect of the ion bombardment to unbalanced magnetron deposited, approximately 1.5 and 4.5 μm thick, Nb coatings have been investigated as the bias voltage was varied from UB=−75 to −150 V. Increasing bias voltage increased the hardness of the coating from 4.5 to 8.0 GPa. This was associated with residual stress and Ar incorporation into the Nb lattice. Strong {110} texture developed in the samples deposited at low bias voltages, while beyond UB=−100 V a {111} texture became dominant. However, strong {111} texture was observed only with the thicker 3Nb coatings. Secondary electron microscopy investigation of the coating topography showed fewer defects in the thicker coatings. All coatings exhibited good corrosion resistance, with the thicker coatings clearly outperforming the thinner ones. Excessive bias voltages (UB=−150 V) was found to lead to poor adhesion and loss of corrosion resistance.  相似文献   
3.
The XPS of bulk tungsten carbide, partially oxidized WC surfaces at 373 and 573 K as well as tungsten trioxide have been reported. Bulk WC has been prepared from WO3 as a starting material in a mixture of CH4 (20%) and H2 (80%) at 1150 K for 4 h, while partially oxidized WC surfaces were prepared by oxygen chemisorption on a clean WC surface at 200 K, then the temperatures were raised to 373 and 573 K respectively. The XPS of a freshly prepared WC reveals the presence of a small amount of WO3 on the surface and a slightly higher concentration in the bulk. The oxygen-exposed fresh WC surfaces and surfaces treated at temperatures higher than 373 K show the presence of WO3 in a considerable quantity depending on the length and the treatment temperature. Ar+ bombardment of this partially oxidized surface reduces WO3 to WO2 and W(0), while WC is partially reduced to W(0). Isomerization reactions of alkanes on oxygen-exposed WC surface occurs in reality on a composite surface structure containing WC, WO3, WO2 and elemental W(0).  相似文献   
4.
综述了堆内辐照对锆合金电化学性能影响的概况,浅析了堆内辐照损伤的机理,并重点探讨了主要的堆内辐照源——中子辐照对锆合金微观结构与氧化性能的影响。进一步阐述了堆外离子轰击模拟堆内中子辐照研究方法的进展概况,并就离子轰击实验参量的选择进行了较为深入的分析。  相似文献   
5.
钪系阴极基体的研究   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3  
采用氧化钪与钨机械混合、氧化钨与钪盐水溶液固液掺杂法制备了氧化钪-钨基体,采用扫描电镜及原位俄歇电子能谱方法研究了基体中钪的分布及阴极基体的抗离子轰击性能。结果表明,采用液固法制备的烧结体,氧化钪分布均匀,这样的结构有利于钪的扩散和补充,原位俄歇轰击实验结果表明,阴极基体具有良好的耐高温和耐离子轰击性。  相似文献   
6.
离子轰击膏剂渗硼试验   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
通过增加辅助阴极,提高无附加热源的离子渗氮炉的升温速度和使用温度,以满足离子渗硼的需要,对以硼铁为供硼剂的渗硼膏剂进行试验,选出在本试验条件下的最佳渗硼膏剂。利用此膏剂,对45钢在850℃×3h条件下进行离子渗硼,得到180μm厚的渗硼层。  相似文献   
7.
CrAlN is a good candidate as an alternative to conventional CrN coatings especially for high temperature oxidation-resistance applications. Different CrAlN coatings were deposited on hardened steel substrates by cathodic arc evaporation (CAE) from chromium-aluminum targets in a reactive nitrogen atmosphere at negative substrate bias between − 50 and − 400 V. The negative substrate bias has important effects on the deposition growth rate and crystalline structure. All our coatings presented hardness higher than conventional CrN coatings. The friction coefficient against alumina and tungsten carbide balls was around 0.6. The sliding wear coefficient of the CrAlN coatings was very low while an important wear was observed in the balls before a measurable wear were produced in the coatings. This effect was more pronounced as the negative substrate bias was increased.  相似文献   
8.
Biodegradable plastics can be used as conventional plastics, while on disposal they decompose to water and carbon dioxide by microorganisms existing in natural environment. Products using biodegradable plastics have recently been developed in many companies pursuing ecology. In this study, surface modification of biodegradable plastics was carried out by inert ion beams for improvement of photo deterioration under an ultraviolet ray. The hardness of biodegradable plastics tended generally to decrease with irradiation of an ultraviolet ray. In this method, the hardness of ion-bombarded biodegradable plastics was kept at an initial value under an ultraviolet ray, because the modified layer by ion bombardment intercepted an ultraviolet ray. The hardness of He+ ion-bombarded biodegradable plastics showed larger value than that of Ar+ ion bombardment. He+ ion bombardment at ion energy of 10 keV produced the suitable property with both of high transmittance of a visible ray and high interception of an ultraviolet ray in a surface layer of biodegradable plastics.  相似文献   
9.
Sliding, abrasive, and impact wear tests were performed on chromium nitride (CrN)-based coatings deposited on mirror-polished M2 high speed steel substrates by the novel high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HIPIMS) utilising high peak cathode powers densities of 3000 W cm−2. The coatings were compared to single layer CrN and multilayer superlattice CrN/NbN coatings deposited by the arc bond sputtering (ABS) technique designed to improve the coating substrate adhesion by a combined steered cathodic arc/unbalanced magnetron (UBM) sputtering process. The substrates were metal ion etched using non-reactive HIPIMS or steered cathodic arc at a substrate bias voltage of −1200 V. Subsequently a 2- to 3-μm thick CrN or CrN/NbN coating was deposited by reactive HIPIMS or UBM. No bias was used during the HIPIMS deposition, while the bias during UBM growth was in the range 75-100 V. The ion saturation current measured by a flat electrostatic probe reached values of 50 mA cm−2 peak for HIPIMS and 1 mA cm−2 continuous during UBM deposition. The microstructure of the HIPIMS coatings observed by transmission electron microscopy was fully dense in contrast to the voided columnar structure observed in conventional UBM sputtered CrN and CrN/NbN. The sliding wear coefficients of the HIPIMS CrN films of 2.3×10−16 m3 N−1 m−1 were lower by a factor of 4 and the roughness of the wear track was significantly reduced compared to the UBM-deposited CrN. The abrasive wear coefficient of the HIPIMS coating was 2.2×10−13 m3 N−1 m−1 representing an improvement by a factor of 3 over UBM deposited CrN and a wear resistance comparable to that of the superlattice CrN/NbN. The adhesion of the HIPIMS deposited CrN was comparable to state-of-the-art ABS technology.  相似文献   
10.
马平义  陈旭  韩兴  刘海建  石文展  彭赫力 《表面技术》2023,52(1):372-380, 393
目的 研究激光清洗和离子轰击对GH4099蜂窝夹层结构钎焊性能的影响,优化GH4099蜂窝夹层结构焊前清洗工艺。方法 分别用400#砂纸、不同激光功率(60~200 W)、不同离子轰击时间(1~2 h)对GH4099带材表面进行了砂纸打磨、激光清洗和离子轰击试验,分析了激光清洗和离子轰击对GH4099表面形貌、O元素含量、BNi2钎料润湿性的影响,测试了不同清洗工艺下蜂窝夹层结构钎焊接头的拉伸性能。结果 随激光功率从60 W增加到100 W,GH4099表面O含量逐渐降低,表面粗糙度逐渐增大,钎料润湿面积百分比增加到83.5%,润湿性增加。当激光功率大于100 W时,表面残留网状分布的氧化物,导致钎料润湿性降低。当激光功率进一步增加到200 W时,氧化物网状分布现象减轻,润湿性随之增加,粗糙度也有所降低;随离子轰击时间从1 h增加到2 h时,带材表面氧化皮逐渐去除干净,钎料润湿性随之增加,钎料对离子轰击2 h的表面的润湿面积百分比达到91.2%,与400#砂纸打磨的相当。经离子轰击2 h、1 020 ℃-15 min钎焊获得的夹层结构等效抗拉强度为11.9 MPa。结论 与激光清洗相比,离子轰击可以同时去除蜂窝型面及附近侧壁部分的氧化皮,能更有效地改善钎料对蜂窝基体的润湿性。  相似文献   
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