Remote Steering of Self‐Propelling Microcircuits by Modulated Electric Field

The principles and design of “active” self‐propelling particles that can convert energy, move directionally on their own, and perform a certain function is an emerging multidisciplinary research field, with high potential for future technologies. A simple and effective technique is presented for on‐demand steering of self‐propelling microdiodes that move electroosmotically on water surface, while supplied with energy by an external alternating (AC) field. It is demonstrated how one can control remotely the direction of diode locomotion by electronically modifying the applied AC signal. The swimming diodes change their direction of motion when a wave asymmetry (equivalent to a DC offset) is introduced into the signal. The data analysis shows that the ability to control and reverse the direction of motion is a result of the electrostatic torque between the asymmetrically polarized diodes and the ionic charges redistributed in the vessel. This novel principle of electrical signal‐coded steering of active functional devices, such as diodes and microcircuits, can find applications in motile sensors, MEMs, and microrobotics.     

汽车电动助力转向系统的发展

简述了电动助力转向系统的研究现状及其基本结构、工作原理和主要特点。分析了该系统的主要元件，论述了亥系统的发展趋势。     

径向水平井弯曲转向机构影响因素仿真研究

针对径向水平井钻进中钻杆弯曲转向前进运动困难的问题,通过建立弯曲转向机构仿真有限元模型,对其主要影响因素:滑道轨迹曲率、间隙、工作压力、滚轮形状与位置和钻杆壁厚等用ANSYS软件进行仿真研究。研究表明:影响截面变形的主要因素是滑道曲率的改变和滑道摩擦因数,钻井失败时钻杆所受阻力的增大不是因为升高工作压力导致截面变形过大与滑道干涉所致,钻杆经校直段,钻头中轴线与校直中心线存在一定的角度,即钻杆的前进轨迹就会偏离理论值,或与地层干涉,或可能再次发生弯曲变形;另一主要原因是转向器滑道工作恶化。增加钻杆壁厚,降低工作压力和滑道摩擦因数,设计合理弯曲转向机构是解决问题的关键。     

CCD型束流截面探测器

CCD型束流截面探测器的主要特点是使用电荷耦合器件做传感器,用束流同步光中的可见光成份做为信号源。该探测器同时具有模拟量和数字量两种输出,工作周期短,速度高,不影响束团粒子寿命,在电子储存环物理运行中,是一种有效的探测设备。     

Fast microwave detection system for coherent synchrotron radiation study at KEK: Accelerator test facility

A fast room temperature microwave detection system based on the Schottky Barrier-diode detector was created at the KEK ATF (Accelerator Test Facility). It was tested using Coherent Synchrotron Radiation (CSR) generated by the 1.28 GeV electron beam in the damping ring. The speed performance of the detection system was checked by observing the CSR from a multi-bunch (2.8 ns bunch separation time) beam. The theoretical estimations of CSR power yield from an edge of bending magnet as well as new injection tuning method are presented. A very high sensitivity of CSR power yield to the longitudinal electron distribution in a bunch is discussed.     

Experimental Investigation of FRP-Strengthened RC Beam-Column Joints

The results of a comprehensive experimental program, aimed at providing a fundamental understanding of the behavior of shear-critical exterior reinforced concrete (RC) joints strengthened with fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) under simulated seismic load, are presented in this study. The role of various parameters on the effectiveness of FRP is examined through 2/3-scale testing of 18 exterior RC joints. Conclusions are drawn on the basis of certain load versus imposed displacement response characteristics, comprising the strength (maximum lateral load), the stiffness, and the cumulative energy dissipation capacity. The results demonstrate the important role of mechanical anchorages in limiting premature debonding, and they provide important information on the role of various parameters, including: area fraction of FRP; distribution of FRP between the beam and the column; column axial load; internal joint (steel) reinforcement; initial damage; carbon versus glass fibers; sheets versus strips; and effect of transverse beams.     

Comment on “Nonlinear optimal tracking control with application to super-tankers for autopilot design” by T. Çimen and S.P. Banks

A recent paper by Çimen and Banks [2004. Nonlinear optimal tracking control with application to super-tankers for autopilot design. Automatica, 40(11), 1845–1863] on optimal control system design for oil tanker propulsion and heading highlighted the importance of accurately representing the dynamics of such a vessel. Results presented in that paper are based on a simulation model that provides unrealistic results for an oil tanker of the size considered. Therefore, the results obtained from the simulated ship control problem are not representative of the physical system being considered. In this communication an alternative, more realistic model is presented and discussed with reference to the original publications that define the ship model dynamics.     

液压转向助力系统能耗特性的分析和比较

 为了提高汽车转向系统的工作效率，利用在典型路面条件下获得的实验统计数据，分析了中位开式和中位闭式两种液压转向助力系统的能量消耗． 经过对4种不同工作原理的转向系统的经济性和环境适应性的评价，指出电动中位闭式系统在节能方面具有明显的优势，但在工程应用中仍有不少技术问题需要进一步解决．     

Mixed formulation of nonlinear beam on foundation elements

This paper presents an inelastic element for the analysis of beams on foundations. The element is derived from a two-field mixed formulation with independent approximation of forces and displacements. The state determination algorithm for the implementation of the element in a general purpose nonlinear finite element analysis program is presented and its stability characteristics are discussed. Numerical studies are performed to compare the model with the classical displacement formulation. The studies confirm the superiority of the proposed model in describing the inelastic behavior of beams on foundations.     

固定频率波束可调的多端口微带漏波天线

提出了一种崭新结构的多端口馈电微带漏波天线 ,实现了频率固定下的电控天线主波束逐级可调。在工作频率固定的情况下 ,通过控制双端口馈电微带天线上的中部馈电端口位置 ,使微带漏波天线主波束方向发生偏移。仿真结果表明 ,当工作频率固定为 7GHz的情况下 ,在H平面上 ,主波束扫描范围可以达到约 48°～ 88°。