Successful Delivery of Public-Private Partnerships for Infrastructure Development

Two common approaches have been used by governments for the implementation of public-private partnerships (PPPs): a finance-based approach that aims to use private financing to satisfy infrastructure needs, and a service-based approach that aims to optimize the time and cost efficiencies in service delivery. The implementation of PPPs, however, may suffer from legal, political, and cultural impediments. In the United States, the federal government enabled a number of acts to ease the impediments and promote PPPs for infrastructure development. Based on a detailed analysis of PPPs in the United Kingdom and British Columbia, Canada, this paper describes principles that would characterize the implementation of PPPs at the program level (e.g., whether the implementation is successful). The principles pertain to the: availability of a PPP legal framework and implementation units; perception of the private finance objectives, risk allocation consequences, and value-for-money objectives; maintenance of PPPs process transparency; standardization of procedures; and use of performance specifications. Guidelines for successful implementation are explained and discussed in the context of the United States PPPs experience and impediments.     

创建高校校园文化 构建和谐校园

校园文化建设是新时期高校人才培养的重要组成部分和高等教育的重要内容，在构建和谐校园中起着举足轻重的作用。本文侧重从四个层面积极创建校园文化，从而构建和谐校园。     

Construction management through bot: Taiwan high speed rall case

Build Operate Transfer (BOT)isanewprojectde liveringmethodtoimplementpublicinfrastructurepro jects .BOTincorporatesaprivatizedeffortintopublicin frastructuredevelopment.Theconcessionrightisgrantedtoaconsortiumwhoundertakesfinance ,design ,construc tion ,operation ,andmaintenanceofthedesiredfacilitiesandservices .Aftertheconcessionrightisexpired ,theownershipofthefacilityistransferredtothepublicowner.TheeconomicprosperityofTaiwaninthe 1 980’sandearly 1 990’sbroughtseveretrafficcongestioni…     

Build-Operate-Transfer in Infrastructure Projects in the United States

While the infrastructure in the United States is in need of large and immediate investment, the funds provided by public agencies are not nearly sufficient to face such a challenge. Build-operate-transfer (BOT) is a delivery/financing system that can be a solution to this problem. In this system, a private sponsor finances the design, construction, maintenance, and operation of a public project for a specified concession period, at the end of which it transfers ownership to the government agency, hopefully after recouping its costs and achieving profits. A questionnaire survey of large municipalities and state departments of transportation was conducted to determine the extent to which they are using BOT in their large projects, to investigate the implementation of BOT, and the reasons why some government agencies avoid using BOT. The findings indicate that very few agencies use BOT. The reasons why most do not use BOT were reported by the respondents to be the availability of proven alternatives and enough funds, the existence of political barriers, and resistance to change both on the part of government agencies and private sponsors. When government agencies and private sponsors explore the use of BOT, they should avoid the pitfalls perceived by the respondents in this study.     

Build-Operate-Transfer-Type Procurement in Asian Megaprojects

Lessons are drawn from the recent resurgence in public-private partnerships for the procurement of large scale infrastructure, with a focus on Asian megaprojects. BOT (build-operate-transfer)-type win-win cooperation aligns well with the paradigm shift that has repeatedly been called for in addressing construction industry shortfalls. However, the many volatile variables involved and the limited experience in dealing with the special risks encountered highlights the need for decision support frameworks to evaluate and select the optimal from among: (1) potential BOT-type projects; (2) prospective franchisees; and (3) innovative project financing packages. Such frameworks should include appropriate success criteria and indicators for their evaluation. Benchmarking of good practices would establish reasonable ranges of values for such indicators. Identification of critical success factors, classifications of common risks, and comparisons of recent experiences on BOT-type projects lead to recommendations for the development of a “BOT body of knowledge” with related guidelines and toolkits. These would assist both public and private sector decision makers considering BOT-type modalities to attain multiple win-win-win targets that benefit their respective interests, as well as those of the general public end users.     

建筑房屋动力特性的测试与分析

以大地脉动作为激励振源，对房屋的脉动信号及动力特性进行了测试和分析，指出了通过特殊的仪器，在没有大型激振的情况下，通过分析大地的脉动对结构的影响，可以对房屋进行动力特性的分析。     

数字化校园一卡通平台的构建与完善探讨

随着我国社会经济的不断发展,高校信息化也在慢慢的推进,校园卡得到了广泛的应用,但是由于很多校园应用系统并不相连,因此一个学生常常会有多张校园卡这给学生带来了很多的不便之处,所以为了让校园管理水平得到明显的提高,校园一卡通系统就应运而生了,它利用了现代的信息技术,构建的校园应用平台,这一系统的推出给学生的校园生活带来了极大的便利,本文就对数字化校园一卡通平台的构建问题进行了具体的分析,并对校园一卡通平台的管理方式进行阐述。     

First Public-Private-Partnership Application in Taiwan’s Wastewater Treatment Sector: Case Study of the Nanzih BOT Wastewater Treatment Project

Taiwan has been promoting public-private-partnership (PPP) projects in the wastewater treatment sector with the aim of improving its sustainable environment and increasing its wastewater treatment rate. The Nanzih Wastewater Treatment Project is the first PPP application in Taiwan’s wastewater treatment sector. It provides important experiences and lessons for both the public and private sectors. This paper presents a detailed study of its tender process, concession agreement, financial structure, payment mechanism, and risk management. It explains the key features of the project and provides conclusive findings on the lessons learned. These observations should be useful for practitioners and academia who are interested in the development of future PPP wastewater treatment projects in Taiwan.     

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