联合星载毫米波雷达和激光雷达资料的云相态识别技术

依据星载偏振激光雷达云相态识别原理,借鉴星载毫米波雷达温度阈值云相态识别方法,利用支持向量机(SVM)构建了联合CloudSat和CALIPSO卫星资料的云相态识别模型并进行了实例反演验证.SVM方法训练和测试样本集采用了CloudSat的2B-GEOPROF-LIDAR云廓线数据、CALIPSO的2级1km云层数据以...     

卫星主动观测的视线云出现频率特征分析

云对气象、测绘、国土资源调查等领域中空基和天基光学、红外传感器的使用有着显著影响。为了分析中国及周边区域不同高度上各视角方向的云出现频率,首先建立了基于卫星主动观测的视线云出现频率计算模型,并利用2006年7月至2009年3月的CloudSat/CALIPSO联合观测资料,对中国及周边地区不同高度多个方向上的云出现频率分布进行统计分析。结果表明：视线上云的出现频率因观测高度、角度的不同而不同,且具有明显的季节变化特征,但观测结果具有方位独立性。在各高度,视线由水平方向移向垂直向下时,云出现频率在某一观测方向存在极小值。此外,对比分析了指定高度上的云出现频率分布特征,结果表明:各高度上的云出现频率分布存在明显的地区差异,在对流层上层,云出现频率与纬度相关,且在热带区域存在局地极大值。     

Synergetic use of POLDER and MODIS for multilayered cloud identification

The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility of identifying overlapping clouds that contain thin cirrus overlying a lower-level water cloud by synergetic use of POLDER-3 (Polarization and Directionality of the Earth Reflectance) and MODIS (MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data. When thin cirrus clouds overlap the liquid cloud layer, the liquid information may be obtained by POLDER observations and the presence of the cirrus may be inferred from the MODIS CO₂-slicing technique. An initial comparison of the POLDER cloud phase and the MODIS cloud-top pressure for one scene over East Asia also shows that a large portion of clouds declared as liquid water clouds by POLDER-3 correspond to the lower cloud-top pressures derived from MODIS. As a result, an overlapped cloud identification method is proposed under the assumption that the multilayered cloud would be present if the POLDER cloud phase is liquid water and the MODIS cloud-top pressure is less than 500 hPa. For the studied scene, the comparison of the multilayered cloud identification results with CloudSat and CALIOP (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization) observations illustrates that the proposed method could detect multilayered clouds when the upper cirrus has a visible optical thickness of less than 2.0. Then the identification results are compared with the MODIS Cloud_Multi_Layer_Flag. It is indicated that the consistency between the multilayered clouds from the proposed synergy and MODIS-operational algorithm increases gradually from over 40% to nearly 100% with the increase of the confidence level of the MODIS multilayered clouds from the lowest to the highest. Further analysis suggests that the majority of multilayered clouds falsely classified as single-layered clouds by the proposed method may correspond to relatively thick cirrus covering lower-level water clouds. Additionally, an index by using the multilayered cloud detection differences from the two methods is proposed to provide some information on the optical thickness of the cirrus covering lower-level water cloud. Finally, quantitative comparisons are extended to four other scenes at different locations by using active measurements. The results also show that the mean visible optical thickness of the high-level clouds of the multilayered clouds detected by both methods (1.57) is remarkably less than that by only MODIS-operational method (2.84), which means that the differences between the results from the two methods are mainly caused by the different sensitivities to the visible optical thickness of the high-level cloud and could be used to indicate the range of the visible optical thickness of the cirrus clouds covering the lower-level water clouds.     

基于CloudSat的台风深对流云微物理参数相关性分析

以2009年14号台风“彩云”为例,基于CloudSat相关云产品统计了台风深对流云中水云和冰云的有效粒子半径、云水含量谱分布的特征。在此基础上探讨了两个云微物理参量的相关性,并对不同发展时期的多个台风进行了该关系的应用检验。研究结果表明,不论是水云还是冰云,若以云水含量为横坐标,以云有效粒子半径为纵坐标,台风深对流云像元散点图的分布存在明显的下边界线,且边界值随着有效粒子半径和云水含量参数值的增大而逐渐提高;零度层以下低层水云的有效粒子半径与液态水含量呈正相关关系,可采用对数关系式进行拟合。经检验,该拟合关系式对其他发展阶段的台风同样适用,证实了该关系的普适性。     

联合CloudSat-CALIPSO-MODIS进行云相态检测的新方法(英文)

云与生活息息相关,云参量的定量研究便显得极其重要 ,其中包括云相态的精确判识。由于传统基于单传感器的云相态识别算法都存在一定的局限性,提出了联合CloudSat-CALIPSO-MODIS多传感器进行云相态检测的新方法,提高了云相态的识别精度。利用2008年5月2日和2010年2月1日的CloudSat、CALIPSO、MODIS综合观测数据,获取了6种云相态,包括不确定云,混合云, 水云,过冷水云,冰云和晴空。结果表明协同算法可以更精确地进行云相态识别,并为数值天气预报提供条件,具有重要的科学意义。