Behaviour of Surface Defects in Wire Rod Rolling

Defects are often present in rolled products, such as wire rod. The market demand for wire rod without any defects has increased. In the final wire rod products, defects originating from steel making, casting, pre‐rolling of billets and during wire rod rolling can appear. In this work, artificial V‐shaped longitudinal surface cracks have been analysed experimentally and by means of FEM. The results indicate that the experiments and FEM calculations show the same tendency except in two cases, where instability due to fairly “round” false round bars disturbed the experiment. FE studies in combination with practical experiments are necessary in order to understand the behaviour of the material flows in the groove and to explain whether the crack will open up as a V‐shape or if it will be closed as an I‐shape.     

一个基于优化的有限元模型修正方法

本文提供了一个基于一阶搜索优化的有限元模型修正方法。它只需利用结构模态试验的部分固有频率，就能获得较精确的有限元模型。文中附有某无人机上垂尾有限元模型修正的实例。根据上垂尾前二阶试验的固有频率，采用本文方法，对有限元模型进行了修正。修正后有限元模型的前二阶固有频率与试验值的相对误差在2．35％以内，而第三阶固有频率与试验值的相对误差仅为5．81％。它不仅大大地缩小了用修正前有限元模型算得的固有频率与试验值的相对误差，而且还能较精确地预测无试验结果的高阶固有频率值。     

Experimental validation of FE predicted fracture behaviour in thermally sprayed coatings

The fracture behaviour of a brittle coating on a substrate is not only governed by its intrinsic fracture strength, but also by a range of other parameters. In order to be able to understand (and thus predict) the fracture response, it is very important to accurately determine the key coating properties such as elastic modulus, residual stresses and fracture strength. In the present work, the fracture behaviour of three different high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) sprayed WC–17% Co coatings on Ti–6Al–4V substrates was studied using four-point bending with the acoustic emission technique. The key coating properties were determined experimentally and finite element (FE) models incorporating these experimentally measured properties were used to predict the cracking behaviour. It was found that the FE model was able to predict the differences in the fracture responses of the three coating types based upon differences in their mechanical properties, which in turn enabled the properties which dominate the fracture response to be identified. Moreover, the ability to predict the fracture behaviour of the coatings provided validation of the physical basis of the FE model.     

多功能USB 2.0集线器的设计与实现

在许多数码产品应用中,存在计算机USB接口不足,使用各种数码卡时需配备专用读卡器的问题。为解决这些问题,本文使用FE1.1S和AU6437芯片设计一种多功能USB集线器,可提供一个SD卡和Micro SD卡接口,以及两个标准USB 2.0扩展口。经测试,本设计硬件功能完善,性能稳定,符合USB 2.0标准,为多功能高速读卡器的设计提供了良好的技术参考和依据。     

基于行人下肢防护的前保险杠改进分析

利用有限元方法,建立了小腿冲击器与汽车前部结构的碰撞模型,用以评价某款车保险杠系统对小腿损伤的影响。通过增加吸能部件、副保险杠加强板等方式减轻行人下肢的损伤,并通过正交试验设计研究了吸能部件的材料、吸能部件前后面之间的距离、副保险杠加强板的厚度以及副保险杠加强板前后面之间的距离对行人下肢损伤的影响。研究结果表明,经正交试验设计后的前保险杠系统能有效地减小小腿冲击器的胫骨加速度以及膝关节弯曲角度,使得下肢保护指标满足Eu-roNCAP法规要求。优化设计后的前保险杠系统更好的防护行人下肢的损伤。     

差温无模预成形锻造的有限元模拟研究

利用热力耦合有限元方法 ,对AISI10 4 5钢圆柱体坯料在环形加热源局部加热下的差温无模预成形锻造过程进行了模拟研究。模拟结果表明 ,在坯料中获得和控制大梯度分布的不均匀温度场是实现无模预成形锻造的关键。复杂零件成形必须合理地组合加热源和冷却源 ,以便产生所需的温度梯度场。在快速变形条件下 ,变形过程中的持续加热对金属的流动影响甚微 ,变形前的温度分布基本上决定了金属的流动 ,但在慢速变形条件下 ,变形过程中的持续加热对金属的流动产生一定的影响 ,其影响程度视零件复杂程度而异。从该文研究结果可以预见 ,差温无模锻造可以发展成为一种无模锻造制坯新工艺     

异型钢管辊挤成型过程的有限元模拟

利用非线性有限元分析软件MSC.Marc对方形异型钢管的无芯棒辊挤成型过程进行了有限元分析,得到了成型过程中应力与变形的分布与变化以及成型后异型管的结构形状。实验结果验证了有限元分析的正确性。研究结果为生产提供了有益的依据。     

高精度管材拉拔过程计算机模拟研究

高精度管材是一种内表面质量要求很高,内径尺寸允许偏差很小的管材。研究了高精度管材拉拔模具形式对管材生产的影响。开发了一种新型芯棒,利用MSC.MARC有限元仿真软件,模拟高精度管材的拉拔过程,分析了新型芯棒对高精度管材尺寸精度的影响规律,为研究和生产提供有效的帮助。     

Assessment of Numerical Models for Live Load Distribution in a Road Slab Bridge

This paper presents comparison of numerical models used in an analysis of a road bridge deck. The models were adapted for computing the live load distribution coefficients in composite concrete bridge deck. The load distribution method was chosen for assessment of the usability of different numerical model in slab bridge deck analysis. The goal of the study is to determine a simplest but still accurate numerical model to estimate live load effects on composite slab bridge. In the analysis, the well-established grillage approach was adapted for representation of the bridge deck as a basic model as well as more sophisticated three-dimensional models which was supposed to better represent the real behavior of the deck under concentrated wheel loads. The bridge deck was effectively modeled using beam and shell elements. The grillage method compares well with the finite-element method. This finding is allowed to establish simplification in numerical modeling of slab bridge decks for live load effect computations.     

表面滚压强化工艺的数值仿真

针对圆棒工件表面进行多圈连续进给滚压强化工艺,提出了Mare有限元的三维数值仿真模型.通过边界条件施加、滚动的实现、接触设置等有限元建模的建屯和修正,取得了与实际十分吻合的滚压成形的仿真结果;在分析残余应力形成过程的基础上,提出了改进的滚压过程模型;比较了不同进给量、网格划分及边界条件对残余应力分布的影响规律.结果表明,与以往的单圈或者不足一圈的滚压、滑动滚压,或者轧辊不转动的静止压入等简化条件下的仿真模型相比,仿真模型更接近实际的滚压过程,因而也获得了比较理想的变形和残余应力的仿真效果.