The INTELSAT VII/VIIA generation of global communications satellites

Developed primarily to provide continuation of services from the INTELSAT V satellites in the Pacific Ocean Region, this latest generation of satellites also has utility for operation in other roles. Several new technologies are combined to give cost-effective international satellite communications on a global, regional and domestic basis. This new higher power satellite will form a fundamental part of the INTELSAT global network, having been designed to match the projected traffic demands and future service requirements.     

Implementation of intelsat IDR operation

Over the next few years INTELSAT IDR carriers are expected to replace analogue FDM/FM carriers carrying trunk public switched telephony traffic. This paper describes the activities necessary to implement INTELSAT IDR operation into an existing or new earth-station. The operational planning aspects discussed include the initial traffic and marketing forecasts to determine the IDR carrier requirements, use of DCME, the type of signalling system to be used and the interfaces with the terrestrial network, including synchronization. Typical earth-station equipment configurations for IDR operation are described, and the design options that should be considered for the DCME, IDR modem, frequency converters, HPA and control and monitor systems are discussed.     

Intelsat planning and modelling software in support of IDR

In order to plan for and integrate intermediate data rate (IDR) carriers into the INTELSAT newtork, while achieving quality service with efficient use of resources, operational planning tools and transmission system models are necessary. These computer software tools and models, which have evolved and grown in parallel with the INTELSAT network, comprise numerous applications on various types of computers, including mainframe, mini and personal computer systems. This paper presents an overview of the major planning and modelling software models used at INTELSAT in support of the use of IDR digital carriers within the INTELSAT system.     

The intelsat K satellite

The INTELSAT K began life as the SATCOM K4 and was bought by INTELSAT during its initial construction phase, INTELSAT modified the K band only pay load on the satellite which was launched in June 1992 and is providing TV broadcast facilities in the Atlantic Ocean Region.     

The intelsat slant-path radiowave propagation experiments in tropical regions

The requirement for INTELSAT to operate world-wide in a diverse range of climates has motivated a number of experiments within the INTELSAT R&D programme to identify and model propagation impairments. The effects of some propagation phenomena, such as depolarization, were anticipated. Others (e.g. ionospheric scintillation at gigahertz frequencies) were unexpected or exhibited unusual features (rain attenuation in tropical climates). This paper presents the background of the INTELSAT R&D propagation measurements, with special emphasis on those in tropical regions, and provides the principal results. Several ongoing experiments are also discussed.     

11·6 GHz rain attenuation measurements in Peru

This paper presents the results of a K_u-band propagation experiment conducted in a high-rainfall-rate region in Peru. Sky noise measurements were made with an 11·6 GHz radiometer over a period of 18 months. Simultaneous rainfall was also recorded with a tipping bucket rain-gauge. The paper describes the experimental equipment, the characteristics of the measurement site, and the results obtained from the experiment in the form of long-term distributions of rain rate and path attenuation. Duration statistics of attenuation are also presented. In the absence of an absolute calibration of the radiometer in terms of the path attenuation, selection of the best medium temperature to be used poses a problem. For comparison, sky noise to path attenuation conversion was done with two medium temperatures, 280 and 290 K. When compared with model predictions, 290 K seems to be more appropriate for the climate concerned. Both the attenuation and fade duration statistics are found to follow a lognormal distribution fairly closely.     

Leased services on the intelsat system. Part 1: Domestic service and international television

This is Part One of a two-part article on the current status of INTELSAT's leased services, a relatively unfamiliar subject when compared with INTELSAT's standard communications services. In Part One, domestic service and international television service will be covered. For both services, statistics on existing and planned levels of use will be provided. Key aspects of the terms and conditions governing the lease will be outlined, and the annual charges summarized. The variety of services possible when using these leases, and the earth station networks chosen by users to meet their communications goals are also described. A brief look at the future of these two services will be given, and the topics of Part Two. INTELSAT Business Service (IBS), and the low-density telephony service (VISTA) will be introduced.     

数字电视及其INTELSAT全球连接应用

本文论述数字电视的基本发展状况、有关标准及其对ＩＮＴＥＬＳＡＴ全球连接业务的应用。     

Technical and economic impact of the use of standard-B earth stations in the intelsat system

More than 20 years after the INTELSAT system started up, satellite technology developments have led to considerable changes in the world-wide international satellite transmission system. This evolution and the present capabilities offered by digital technologies make it possible to reassess the potential cost advantages of standard-B earth stations over a wider portion of international telephone transmission routes. This paper addresses the technical and economic issues raised by the characteristics of the present and planned INTELSAT satellites, together with the current capabilities of digital techniques (forward error correction, low rate encoding, time and frequency division multiple access). The foreseeable impact of the use of such techniques on overall satellite telephone transmission costs is also presented, and compared with that forecasted for fibre optic cable circuits.     

A condensed orbital history of intelsat satellites

A condensed orbital history, from mid-1965 to mid-1983, of the satellites in the INTELSAT system is presented in the form of a chart; this shows both the operational duties which the satellites performed and the occurrence of incidents which affected their performance in orbit.