白细胞介素7剪接变异体的克隆和序列分析

目的: 克隆白细胞介素- 7(IL-7) 剪接变异体,筛选出在IL-7开放阅读框内剪接变异体,为其生物活性的研究打基础。方法: 运用自行设计的IL-7引物, 采用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT- PCR)技术, 分离正常培养的肝癌细胞株 HepG2、结肠癌细胞株HT29 IL-7 mRNA, 再对电泳所获条带进行克隆、测序和分析。结果: 肝癌细胞株 HepG2、结肠癌细胞株 HT29都能检测到IL-7 mRNA, 而且从培养癌细胞株分离出多条新带, 经亚克隆及测序, 证实这些条带是来源人IL-7 基因、但缺乏不同外显子的IL-7剪接变异体cDNA;通过和IL-7 cDNA比对分析,发现其中5个剪接变异体在IL-7开放阅读框内。结论: IL-7剪接变异体广泛存在于各种肿瘤细胞中。对其进一步的研究,将为癌症病人的免疫调节紊乱和临床免疫治疗提供新的研究方向。     

IL-8动员造血细胞救治致死性照射小鼠的初步研究

将人重组白细胞介素－8(rhIL-8）动员的雄性小鼠外周血单个核细胞（MNCs）静脉输注给受到8．5Gy照射的同种雌性小鼠,并对存活的受体小鼠进行Y染色体PCR检测。结果表明,经rhIL－8动员的造血干／祖细胞可使受照射小鼠长期重建造血。提示rhIL－8具有快速有效的动员造血细胞的作用。     

维生素A对小鼠免疫调节功能的影响

目的探讨维生素A对小鼠免疫调节功能的影响。方法人工制备低维生素A、正常维生素A、高维生素A3种饲料,分别按常规饲养3组小鼠5周,应用微量荧光法测定血清维生素A浓度,三色流式细胞术测定CD4+T细胞内细胞因子IL-4和IFN-γ水平。结果3组小鼠血清维生素A浓度差异有显著意义,低维生素A组IFN-γ水平(28.60%±10.82%)明显高于正常对照组(20.13%±6.39%);高维生素A组IL-4水平(5.31%±2.04%)明显高于正常对照组(2.80%±1.37%),差异有非常显著意义(均P<0.01)。随着维生素A水平的提高,IFN-γ表达率降低,Th1免疫应答减弱,IL-4表达率增高,Th2免疫应答增强。结论维生素A对小鼠Th1/Th2免疫应答影响显著。     

Toward the biomimetic implant surface: Biopolymers on titanium-based implants for bone regeneration

Replacing malfunctioning tissues with titanium-based implants has become a widespread practice spurred by population aging. Advances in biomaterials, technology and implantation protocols have led to increasing expectations on the applicability and durability of implants. The field has recently moved from a bioinert to a bioactive paradigm due to surface modifications that trigger specific responses on the surrounding tissues. Biopolymeric surface coatings have taken up a central role in these developments. The use of these and other biomimetic strategies on implants provides greater control over material–cell interactions and it is aimed at improving long-term clinical results by replicating some of the structures and mechanisms of living tissues. This review summarizes the state of the art of biomimetic implants and discusses the main directions and challenges of this field toward a more predictable and successful implant osseointegration.     

Metabolomic analysis reveals differences in urinary excretion of kiwifruit-derived metabolites in a mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease

The interleukin-10-deficient (IL-10(-/-)) mouse, a model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), develops intestinal inflammation unless raised in germ-free conditions. The metabolic effects of consuming extracts from the fruits of yellow (Actinidia chinensis) or green-fleshed (A. deliciosa) kiwifruit that displayed in vitro anti-inflammatory activity were investigated in IL-10(-/-) mice by metabolomic analysis of urine samples. Kiwifruit-derived metabolites were detected at significantly higher levels in urine of IL-10(-/-) mice relative to those of wild-type mice, indicating that the metabolism of these metabolites was affected by IL-10(-/-)-wild-type genotypic differences. Urinary metabolites previously associated with inflammation were not altered by the kiwifruit extracts. This study demonstrates the use of metabolomic analysis to study dietary effects and the influence of genotype on food metabolism, which may have implications on the development of functional foods for the treatment of IBD.     

重组IL-17A耻垢分枝杆菌的构建及其对巨噬细胞表达炎症因子的影响

目的构建携带小鼠IL-17a编码基因的重组耻垢分枝杆菌(Recombinant Mycobacterium smegmatis,rMs),并研究其对巨噬细胞表达炎症因子的影响。方法双酶切质粒pET28a/mIL-17a和pMFA41,转化感受态E.coli TOP10,构建大肠杆菌-分枝杆菌穿梭表达质粒pMFA41/mIL-17a,电转化耻垢分枝杆菌mc2155,经SDS-PAGE和Western blot鉴定表达产物。分别以MOI为10∶1加入rMs、rMs+anti-IL-17A、Ms感染小鼠巨噬细胞系RAW264.7,并设PBS对照组。荧光定量PCR法检测转染细胞中β防御素-2(Defensinβ2,Defb-2)、巨噬细胞炎症蛋白(Macrophage inflammatory protein,MIP)-1α和MIP-2β基因mRNA水平;ELISA法检测细胞培养上清中MIP-1α、MIP-2β、IL-4及IFNγ蛋白的表达水平。结果重组表达质粒pMFA41/mIL-17a经双酶切及测序鉴定证明构建正确;表达的重组蛋白mIL-17A可与大鼠抗小鼠IL-17A单克隆抗体特异性结合,在相对分子质量约20 000处可见特异性反应条带;rMs组RAW264.7细胞中Defb-2、MIP-1α、MIP-2β基因mRNA水平较Ms组及PBS组明显升高(P<0.01);rMs组细胞培养上清中MIP-1α、MIP-2β、IL-4和IFNγ的蛋白浓度较Ms组及PBS组明显升高(P<0.01)。结论成功构建了表达具有生物学活性mIL-17A的重组耻垢分枝杆菌疫苗,该疫苗可有效促进体外培养的巨噬细胞表达MIP、Defb2、IFN-γ及IL-4,为新型疫苗的研发奠定基础。     

Domestic exposure to endotoxin and respiratory morbidity in former smokers with COPD

Indoor air pollution has been linked to adverse chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) health, but specific causative agents have not yet been identified. We evaluated the role of indoor endotoxin exposure upon respiratory health in former smokers with COPD. Eighty‐four adults with moderate to severe COPD were followed longitudinally and indoor air and dust samples collected at baseline, 3 and 6 months. Respiratory outcomes were repeatedly assessed at each time point. The associations between endotoxin exposure in air and settled dust and health outcomes were explored using generalizing estimating equations in multivariate models accounting for confounders. Dust endotoxin concentrations in the main living area were highest in spring and lowest in fall, while airborne endotoxins remained steady across seasons. Airborne and dust endotoxin concentrations were weakly correlated with one another (r_s = +0.24, P = 0.005). Endotoxin concentrations were not significantly associated with respiratory symptoms, rescue medication use, quality of life, or severe exacerbations. In vitro whole‐blood assays of the pro‐inflammatory capacity of PM₁₀ filters with and without endotoxin depletion demonstrated that the endotoxin component of indoor air pollution was not the primary trigger for interleukin‐1β release. Our findings support that endotoxin is not the major driver in the adverse effects of indoor PM upon COPD morbidity.     

Respiratory inflammatory responses among occupants of a water-damaged office building

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) received a request for evaluation of a water-damaged office building which housed approximately 1300 employees. Workers reported respiratory conditions that they perceived to be building related. We hypothesized that these symptoms were associated with airways inflammation. To test this hypothesis, we assessed airways inflammation in employees using exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO). In September 2001, a health questionnaire was offered to all employees. Based on this questionnaire, NIOSH invited 356 symptomatic and asymptomatic employees to participate in a medical survey. In June 2002, these employees were offered questionnaire, spirometry, methacholine challenge test, allergen skin prick testing, EBC and FENO. FENO or EBC were completed by 239 participants. As smoking is highly related to the measurements that we used in this study, we included only the 207 current non-smokers in the analyses. EBC interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels, but not nitrite, were significantly higher among workers with respiratory symptoms and in the physician-diagnosed asthmatic group. Of the analyses assessed, EBC IL-8 showed the most significant relationship with a number of symptoms and physician-diagnosed asthma. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Implementation of exhaled breath condensate and exhaled nitric oxide in indoor air quality problems.     

白介素-6对受分次照射荷瘤小鼠脾细胞的辐射防护作用

探讨白介素-6(IL-6)对受照射荷瘤小鼠脾脏的辐射防护作用。6MV X射线对荷瘤小鼠进行分次全身照射(5Gy/5f/5d)后,采用黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定脾组织血清超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性,硫代巴比妥酸钠(TBA)荧光法测定氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)含量;免疫组化抗生蛋白链霉素-过氧物酶-生物素(SP)法检测脾细胞Bcl-2的表达;Beckman液体闪烁仪检测脾淋巴细胞亚群对K562细胞的杀伤活性。结果表明, IL-6组脾组织T-SOD含量明显增高(p<0.01),而MDA含量明显降低(p<0.05); IL-6组脾细胞Bcl-2的表达水平显著高于对照组(p<0.01);IL-6提高了脾淋巴细胞对K562细胞的杀伤活性。抗氧化酶活性的降低和氧自由基作用的增强是电离辐射引起细胞过氧化损伤,导致细胞功能异常的重要原因。IL-6可能通过促进脾细胞Bcl-2蛋白表达,增强脾细胞的抗氧化活性,抑制氧自由基对脾细胞的损伤,延长脾细胞寿命,增强其免疫功能而发挥辐射防护作用。