5%甲·辛颗粒剂中甲拌磷和辛硫磷含量的测定

本文采用萃取、薄层层析等分离方法，选择合适的萃取剂、展开剂，经分离后，分别刮下甲拌磷和辛硫磷谱带，采用气相色谱法测定甲拌磷含量；采用液相色谱法测定辛硫磷含量。     

雅马哈01V96V2数字调音台进阶应用指南（一）

文中从对01V96V2进行初始化、检查版本号及升级版本、校准电动推子三个方面讲解了01V96V2的进阶使用的操作方法,使读者在面对一台设置混乱或旧版本的01V96调音台时也能使用自如。     

非晶金刚石离子镀膜机自动化控制系统的设计

结合非晶金刚石离子镀膜机的工艺特点和要求,介绍了一种成功应用的分布式控制系统的设计,重点讨论了控制系统的硬件配置、软件设计、通信服务程序以及软件编程中的几个控制算法.     

Formation of the Fe(II)-Fe(III) hydroxysulphate green rust during marine corrosion of steel

Rust layers formed on steel sheet piles immersed 1 m above the mud line for 25 years were analysed by Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and elemental X-ray mappings (Fe, S, O). They consist of three main strata, the inner one mainly composed of magnetite, the intermediate one of iron(III) oxyhydroxides and the outer one of hydroxysulphate green rust GR(SO₄²⁻). Simulations of GRs formation in solutions having large [Cl⁻]/[SO₄²⁻] ratios revealed that the hydroxysulphate GR(SO₄²⁻) was obtained instead of the hydroxychloride GR(Cl⁻), as demonstrated by X-ray diffraction and transmission Mössbauer spectroscopy analyses. Measurements of the [S], [Fe] and [Cl] concentrations allowed us to establish that GR(SO₄²⁻) formed along with a drastic impoverishment of the solution in sulphate ions; the [Cl⁻]/[SO₄²⁻] ratio increased from 12 to 240. The GR, acting like a “sulphate pump”, may favour the colonisation of the rust layers by sulphate reducing bacteria.     

强化两相混合的超临界技术制备聚乳酸微粒

针对商品化聚乳酸微球粒径分布较宽难于适用气溶胶给药要求的不足,采用水力空化混合强化超临界流体辅助雾化技术(SAA-HCM)制备聚乳酸(PLA)超细微粒.该技术主要特点是通过在超临界流体和液相进料处引入水力空化混合器,强化两相间的混合.考察SAA-HCM过程混合器压力、温度、沉淀器温度、进料中CO2与液体溶液质量流量比和溶液质量浓度等操作参数对微粒形态和粒径分布的影响,成功制备出球形度较好,粒径分布较窄(1～3μm)的PLA微球.经X射线衍射(XRD)分析和差示扫描量热(DSC)分析显示,与原料PLA相比,微球晶型及热曲线变化不大,但结晶度下降.同时把操作参数与相行为进行关联,探讨了影响颗粒形貌的机理.对比超临界流体辅助雾化法(SAA)的实验结果表明:水力空化的引入能有效强化混合器内的两相传质,混合更好,能制备出适用于气溶胶给药要求的超细微粒.     

观测误差协方差估计下的集合鲁棒滤波数据同化方法

在数据同化方法中,观测误差协方差矩阵是相关的,且与时间和状态有一定的依赖性。针对这种相关特性,将鲁棒滤波方法与观测误差协方差估计方法相结合,得到随状态时间变化的观测误差协方差,提出一种带有观测误差估计的鲁棒数据同化新方法,更新观测误差协方差,改善估计效果。从分析误差协方差,转移矩阵特征值放大等角度优化同化方法。利用非线性Lorenz-96混沌系统,对三种不同优化角度下带有观测误差估计的鲁棒滤波和原鲁棒滤波方法的鲁棒性和同化精度进行评估,并比较分析了两种方法在模型误差、观测数目和性能水平系数变化时的性能。结果表明：观测误差估计技术能够提高状态估计的精确性,带有观测误差估计的鲁棒滤波对系统参数变化具有较好的鲁棒性。     

基于图刚性的无线传感器网络定位新算法

针对分布式 MDS-MAP 算法的不足,提出了一种基于图刚性理论的无线传感器定位新算法 MDS-MAP (GR)。算法利用图的刚性理论,确定网络中的所有刚性子区域,然后利用合并定理将刚性子区域进行扩展,最后对合并得到的刚性区域利用 MDS-MAP 算法和锚节点实现网络中节点的大规模定位。算法尽可能对刚性区域进行合并,节省了执行 MDS-MAP 算法的次数,提高了执行效率。通过在不同拓扑结构的无线传感器网络中进行了仿真实验,说明了提出的算法能有效定位不同半径下网络中90%以上的节点,另外,新方法比现有方法在定位成功率上提高了4%～5%,并且定位精度提高了2%～3．5%左右。算法适用于大规模无线传感器网络中的快速定位。     

基于现场试验的海上风电大直径单桩三维水平承载力研究

p－y 曲线法是计算分析水平受荷桩常采用的方法。但现场多为 3 m 以内直径试桩,对于海上风电大直径单桩( 4～8 m) 结构的桩土相互作用计算分析,其适用性值得商榷。结合江苏某海上风电大直径钢管桩水平静载荷试验,得到桩身挠度曲线和弯矩曲线; 采用 ABAQUS 建立单桩三维数值模型,将数值模拟结果与试验结果进行了对比分析,并对桩土接触法向刚度进行初步的敏感性分析,验证数值模型的有效性和适用性。随后对大直径单桩进行水平静载数值模拟,与规范推荐的 p－y 曲线法计算结果进行对比,结果表明,规范推荐的 p－y 曲线法过于保守,规范推荐的 p－y 曲线法不适于直接应用在大直径钢管桩的水平承载力分析; 所得结论对该区域海上风电大直径钢管桩设计优化具有指导意义。     

智能型双电源自动切换控制器的设计

提出一种以单片机PIC24FJ96为核心、以断路器为控制对象的双电源自动切换控制器的设计方案,并给出了硬件设计和软件设计。试验结果证明该设计方案性能稳定、质量可靠,可满足实际要求。     

Detection of urinary biomarkers for early diagnosis of acute renal allograft rejection by proteomic analysis

Acute allograft rejection has been recognized as a major impediment to improved success in renal transplantation. Timely detection and control of rejection are very important for the improvement in long-term renal allograft survival. Thus, biomarkers for early diagnosis of acute rejection are required urgently to clinical medication. This study seeks to search for such biomarker candidates by comparing patients' pre-treatment urinary protein profiling with their post-treatment urinary protein profiling. A total of 15 significantly and consistently down-regulated protein candidates were identified. Among them, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin precursor (AACT), tumor rejection antigen gp96 (GP96) and Zn-Alpha-2-Glycoprotein (ZAG) were selected for further analysis. The results indicated that Western Blot assay of AACT, GP96 and ZAG had advanced the diagnosis time of acute renal rejection by 3 days, compared with current standard clinical observation and laboratory examination. Furthermore, the double-blind detection revealed that the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis of acute renal rejection of AACT, GP96 and ZAG were 66.67%/100%/60%, 83.33%/100%/80% and 66.67%/100%/60%, respectively, and 100%/100%/100% in combination. In conclusion, urinary protein AACT, GP96 and ZAG could be a set of potential biomarkers for early non-invasive diagnosis of the acute rejection after renal transplantation.