The sinuous antenna-A dual polarized feed for reflector-based searching systems

The sinuous antennas have a numerous applications in military and civil systems such as direction finding systems and reflector feeds due to their superior broadband characteristics and simultaneous polarization capability. In this paper, design, construction and measurements of planar sinuous antennas are investigated for 1–5 GHz frequency range. Feeding sections of this antenna are realized by using microstrip tapered baluns. We have determined the microstrip tapered balun dimensions using Ansoft HFSS-simulation program. The performances of the manufactured antenna are measured using HP vector network analyzer. Polarization patterns and return loss characteristics of the designed antenna that have been measured in anechoic chamber, are presented.     

介质覆层对共形PBG结构柱面微带天线性能的影响

设计出一种带有覆层的共形PBG结构柱面微带天线模型并和传统的覆层天线模型在工艺要求上做以对比,分析了所设计覆层PBG微带天线的增益、方向性系数以及效率,和PBG微带天线、传统微带天线进行比较,计算仿真结果表明覆层对微带天线的各项性能有着显著的提高。     

矩形环可重构天线的建模和仿真研究

可重构天线采用同一个天线或天线阵,通过引入开关器件控制天线的辐射结构来实现工作模式的转换,使其具有多个天线的功能.文中阐述了矩形环可重构天线工作的基本机理,为实现满足不同环境对天线性能的要求,利用Matlab对矩形环可重构天线进行建模,将遗传算法与矩量法相结合,对天线的性能进行搜索寻优.为进一步提高天线分析速度,从广义角度把天线的开关当作加载元件处理,利用Sherman-Morrison-Woodbury公式减少阻抗矩阵的计算量,提高天线特性参数的计算速度,改善了现有商业软件对天线仿真分析耗时大的问题,显著提高了效率.     

Precise control of reflection response in bandwidth‐enhanced planar antennas

In this work, the issues of bandwidth enhancement of planar antennas and the relevance of precise and automated response control through numerical optimization have been investigated. Using an example of a planar antenna with parasitic radiator we illustrate possible effects of even minor modifications of the antenna geometry (here, applied to the ground plane) on its reflection performance. In particular, a proper handling of geometry parameters may lead to considerable broadening of the antenna bandwidth. For the sake of computational efficiency, the adjustment of geometry parameters is carried out using surrogate‐based optimization methods exploiting coarse‐discretization EM simulations as the underlying low‐fidelity antenna model. Additionally, suitably defined penalty function allows us to precisely control the maximum in‐band reflection so that sufficient margin to accommodate possible manufacturing tolerances can be achieved. The optimized designs of the two antenna structures considered in this work exhibit over 1.75 GHz (>31%) and 2.15 GHz (>38%) bandwidth, respectively, for the center frequency of 5.6 GHz. Simulation results are validated using measurements of the fabricated prototypes. Comparison with state‐of‐the‐art designs is also provided. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 26:653–659, 2016.     

Modeling of microstrip antennas using neural networks techniques: A review

Artificial neural networks modeling have recently acquired enormous importance in microwave community especially in analyzing and synthesizing of microstrip antennas (MSAs) due to their generalization and adaptability features. A trained neural model estimates response very fast, which is nearly equal to its measured and/or simulated counterpart. Thus, it completely bypasses the repetitive use of conventional models as these models need rediscretization for every minor changes in the geometry, which itself is a time‐consuming exercise. The purpose of this article is to review this emerging area comprehensively for both analyzing and synthesizing of the MSAs. During reviewing process, some untouched cases are also observed, which are essentially required to be resolved for antenna designers. Unique and efficient neural networks‐based solutions are suggested for these cases. The proposed neural approaches are validated by fabricating and characterizing of the prototypes too. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 25:747–757, 2015.     

Improved phase performance for rotman lens

Rotman lenses are used to obtain multiple beams from a single array. Although the beams produced by the feed antennas at focal points have no path length errors, the beams produced by feed antennas at off focal points may have large path length errors. These path length errors cause deterioration in the multiple beams. In this article, two novel methods are introduced to obtain feed curves which reduce the path length errors of off focal feed points significantly, compared with the commonly used circular and elliptical feed curves. The first method obtains feed curve points based on having zero path length error at three chosen points of the radiating array for each beam direction. The second method uses the particle swarm optimization method for obtaining optimum feed points for each beam direction. The results show that there is a very significant drop in the level of the maximum path length errors (in the order of about 1:4). © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 23: 634–638, 2013.     

Uplink resource allocation in OFDMA system using distributed antennas

In this article, we investigate uplink resource allocation in orthogonal frequency division multiple access （OFDMA） systems that use distributed antennas. The multiple distributed receiving antennas motivate us to exploit the spatial diversity to maximize the achievable rate of the system. Given constraints on the subcarrier allocation and the power limit of each user equipment （UE）, a mixed-integer optimization problem is formulated. We first propose a centralized greedy algorithm to find the maximum achievable rate of the system. Then a heuristic algorithm is proposed that can be implemented in a distributed manner. Simulation results show that the heuristic algorithm can approximately achieve the maximum achievable rate of the system and result in significant system performance improvement over the approach assigning one user to each subcarrier.     

Optimized element positions for prescribed radar cross section pattern of linear dipole arrays

Approximate closed‐form expression is derived for the scattering from dipole arrays based on the equivalent circuit theory. Then, a method is proposed for synthesis of dipole arrays to produce desired scattering pattern using genetic algorithm (GA). In the synthesis method, the element positions in an array are considered as the optimization parameter and the derived expression is used to evaluate the fitness function of GA. To assess the validity and efficiency of the proposed method, several linear dipole arrays are designed to obtain scattering pattern with low sidelobe level (SLL). A good agreement between the patterns calculated using the expression and simulated by FEKO validates the accuracy of the presented expression. In addition, the numerical results show that the maximum SLL of the scattering pattern is considerably reduced by optimization. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2011.     

Angle-of-arrival localization based on antenna arrays for wireless sensor networks

Among the large number of contributions concerning the localization techniques for wireless sensor networks (WSNs), there is still no simple, energy and cost efficient solution suitable in outdoor scenarios. In this paper, a technique based on antenna arrays and angle-of-arrival (AoA) measurements is carefully discussed. While the AoA algorithms are rarely considered for WSNs due to the large dimensions of directional antennas, some system configurations are investigated that can be easily incorporated in pocket-size wireless devices.A heuristic weighting function that enables decreasing the location errors is introduced. Also, the detailed performance analysis of the presented system is provided. The localization accuracy is validated through realistic Monte-Carlo simulations that take into account the specificity of propagation conditions in WSNs as well as the radio noise effects. Finally, trade-offs between the accuracy, localization time and the number of anchors in a network are addressed.     

基于智能天线的多用户MIMO-OFDM联合发送技术研究

提出了一种基于智能天线(SA)的多用户MIMO-OFDM联合发送(JT)方案,给出了系统模型,推导出了权向量和数据发送及检测算法。通过在TD-SCDMA系统应用环境中的仿真和分析,表明基于SA的多用户MIMO-OFDM的JT技术具有比基于多用户MIMO的JT技术更优良的误比特率性能。