正交偶极声波测井技术在碎屑岩储层评价中的应用初探

正交偶极声波测井是一种测量地层岩石声学信息，进而分析地层各向异性的测井新技术，首次在渤海海域NB35—2—8井碎屑砂泥岩地层中应用，不仅获得了明下段主要砂体储层内部的非均质性特征信息，而且还获得了地应力方向和古流向等信息。这些信息的获得，有助于储层的精细描述与评价。     

多属性神经网络地震反演在NB油田水平井钻探中的应用

NB油田位于渤海海域,为新近系河流相稠油油田,储层横向分布不稳定,砂体厚度薄、连通性较差,油水关系复杂,开发设计部署了大量水平井。选择神经网络反演方法,建立地震属性与储层参数的非线性关系,进而根据其关系反演得到储层参数数据体,利用该数据体沿层切片提取储层预测信息,研究储层发育规律,指导该油田水平井的部署和钻探,取得了较好的效果,降低了钻探风险。用神经网络地震反演方法进行储层预测研究,指导水平井钻探,在渤海海域尚属首次。     

基于贝叶斯学习的集成流量分类方法

NB方法条件独立性假设和BAN方法小训练集难以建模。为此,提出一种基于贝叶斯学习的集成流量分类方法。构造单独的NB和BAN分类器,在此基础上利用验证集得到各分类器的权重,通过加权平均组合各分类器的输出,实现网络流量分类。以Moore数据集为实验数据,并与NB方法和BAN方法相比较,结果表明,该方法具有更高的分类准确率和稳定性。     

Fracture experiments on through wall cracked elbows under in-plane bending moment: Test results and theoretical/numerical analyses

Fracture assessment of pipe bends or elbows with postulated through wall crack is very essential for leak-before-break qualification of primary heat transport system piping of nuclear power plants. The methodology for fracture assessment of cracked elbows is still in developing stage. Any new development in theoretical aspect requires experimental validation. However, fracture test data on cracked elbows is not so abundant as straight pipes. The earlier experiments on cracked elbows were focused mainly on the determination of limit load. Other fracture parameters e.g. crack growth, crack initiation load or crack opening displacement were not reported in the open literature. Against this backdrop, a comprehensive experimental and theoretical program on component integrity has been initiated at Reactor Safety Division (RSD) of Bhabha Atomic Research Center (BARC), India. Under this program, a number of fracture tests have been carried out on elbows with through wall circumferential/axial cracks subjected to in-plane closing/opening bending moment. These test data are then thoroughly analysed numerically through non-linear finite element analyses, analytically through limit load comparison and also through comparison of crack initiation loads by finite element and R6 methods. These test data may be utilized in future for validation of new theoretical developments in the integrity assessment of through wall cracked elbows.     

Using differential evolution for fine tuning naïve Bayesian classifiers and its application for text classification

The Naive Bayes (NB) learning algorithm is simple and effective in many domains including text classification. However, its performance depends on the accuracy of the estimated conditional probability terms. Sometimes these terms are hard to be accurately estimated especially when the training data is scarce. This work transforms the probability estimation problem into an optimization problem, and exploits three metaheuristic approaches to solve it. These approaches are Genetic Algorithms (GA), Simulated Annealing (SA), and Differential Evolution (DE). We also propose a novel DE algorithm that uses multi-parent mutation and crossover operations (MPDE) and three different methods to select the final solution. We create an initial population by manipulating the solution generated by a method used for fine tuning the NB. We evaluate the proposed methods by using their resulted solutions to build NB classifiers and compare their results with the results of obtained from classical NB and Fine-Tuning Naïve Bayesian (FTNB) algorithm, using 53 UCI benchmark data sets. We name these obtained classifiers NBGA, NBSA, NBDE, and NB-MPDE respectively. We also evaluate the performance NB-MPDE for text-classification using 18 text-classification data sets, and compare its results with the results of obtained from FTNB, BNB, and MNB. The experimental results show that using DE in general and the proposed MPDE algorithm in particular are more convenient for fine-tuning NB than all other methods, including the other two metaheuristic methods (GA, and SA). They also indicate that NB-MPDE achieves superiority over classical NB, FTNB, NBDE, NBGA, NBSA, MNB, and BNB.     

Coastal trapped waves in the southern Caspian Sea

Previous studies reported coastal trapped waves (CTWs) in the Caspian Sea (CS). This study deals with the generation mechanisms, the temporal and spatial variability of CTWs in this area, and their transformations during propagation from the origin to the destination using recent measurements and high-resolution numerical simulations. CTWs are observed at all stations with periods of 2–6 days after northerly storms. The Absheron Peninsula, old Sefidrud delta, and Nur coasts were identified as the CTWs prone regions. The generation of CTWs in these locations was confirmed using numerical experiments. The propagation away from the generating location of CTWs was analyzed using a representative real wind storm. In the west part of the CS, the generation mechanism of CTWs is mainly similar to the barotropic Kelvin waves; in contrast, it is similar to the continental shelf waves in the southern shelves. The results can be used to study the contribution of generated CTWs to the transport of sediment and biological materials in all large lakes.     

臭氧纳米气泡对水中三价砷的氧化效果

砷污染防治技术,将三价砷[As(Ⅲ)]先氧化成五价砷[As(Ⅴ)]是保证治理效果的必要手段.文中为了提高臭氧氧化效果,将臭氧以纳米气泡(NBs)的形式通入水中.在不同As(Ⅲ)初始浓度、不同pH下,NBs系统对As(Ⅲ)氧化率均远远高于臭氧大气泡系统,最高可达96.5％[对应As(Ⅲ)初始浓度为0.2 mg/L],比大...     

大型组块重量转移技术及其在南堡35—2油田建设工程中的应用

大型组块重量转移技术在国外油田建设工程中已经得到了较好的应用,但该项技术在国内的开发与应用几乎处于空白状态。海洋石油工程股份有限公司在开发应用大型组块重量转移技术的基础上有所创新,充分利用自行研制的“称重系统”,称重与重量转移一次完成,成功实施了重达7800t的南堡35-2油田CEP平台组块的重量转移作业,不仅节省了专设顶升设施的投资,而且作业安全可靠性更高。     

正交偶极声波测井技术在碎屑岩储层评价中的应用初探

正交偶极声波测井是一种测量地层岩石声学信息 ,进而分析地层各向异性的测井新技术 ,首次在渤海海域NB35 2 8井碎屑砂泥岩地层中应用 ,不仅获得了明下段主要砂体储层内部的非均质性特征信息 ,而且还获得了地应力方向和古流向等信息。这些信息的获得 ,有助于储层的精细描述与评价     

Cytotoxicity induced by nanobacteria and nanohydroxyapatites in human choriocarcinoma cells

We explored the cytotoxic effects of nanobacteria (NB) and nanohydroxyapatites (nHAPs) against human choriocarcinoma cells (JAR) and the mechanisms of action underlying their cytotoxicity. JAR cells were co-cultured with NB and nHAPs for 48 h, and ultrastructural changes were more readily induced by NB than nHAPs. Autophagy in the plasma of JAR cells were observed in the NB group. The rate of apoptosis induced by NB was higher than that for nHAPs. The expression of Bax and FasR proteins in the NB group was stronger than that for the nHAP group. NB probably resulted in autophagic formation. Apoptosis was possibly activated via FasL binding to the FasR signaling pathway.