车用聚丙烯改性材料气味分析及改善措施

针对改性的聚丙烯(PP)材料,探讨了基体PP树脂、吸附剂、后处理工艺以及加香对PP改性材料气味的影响。研究结果表明,选用氢调法PP树脂制得的PP改性材料气味性能优于降解法;吸附剂能一定程度继续提升PP气味;同时材料的后处理对PP改性材料的气味提升有积极作用;最后通过加香措施对PP改性材料味型进行适当的调整,最终改善后的PP材料气味性能合格,并成功应用于某款车型零部件开发。     

臭味层次分析法在上海市饮用水中的应用

介绍了臭味层次分析法(FPA)培训内容及其在上海市饮用水臭味识别中的应用。结果表明,经过培训的FPA臭味识别小组能够对水样中不同种类的异臭味进行定性和定量的评价分析;臭味检测人员对上海市水体中含有的典型致臭土霉味物质甲基异莰醇-2和腥臭味物质二甲基三硫的嗅阈值可分别达到1.69ng/L和24.4ng/L,并对这两种物质的强度等级评价有较好的重现性。采用FPA评价上海市地区原水及不同供水区域自来水的臭味特征及加标后不同浓度条件下的臭味强度特征,结果表明,FPA优于现行使用的臭味评价方法,能够及时、快速地反映水质问题,是可靠的感官分析方法。     

Mixed self-assembled lipopolymers with spacer lipids enhancing sensitivity of lipid-derivative QCMs for odor sensors

An odor sensing system using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor array and pattern recognition technique has been for years a main research topic in our group. For the general field of artificial olfaction using acoustic-wave based sensors such as QCMs it is vital to search for novel sensing materials. Here we present recent results of our ongoing study on application of pegylated lipids as coatings for QCM odor-sensors. The method presented herein is based on self-assembling of lipids and lipid-derivatives on the QCM surfaces. The disulphide-terminated lipids and lipopolymers are co-chemisorbed onto gold electrodes of QCM sensors by simple immersion in ethanolic solutions. This creates porous supports onto which additional layers of lipopolymers are physisorbed. The method allows for fabrication of lipopolymeric QCM odor-sensors with enhanced sensitivity to odorants, capable of very good discrimination among odorant samples—according to the functional group of an odorant.     

A Chinese liquor classification method based on liquid evaporation with one unmodulated metal oxide gas sensor

Electronic nose has been widely used in the classification of liquid samples, such as vinegars, wines and liquors, which have complex components. The difficulty of these classifications is how to get the information of the trace components in these samples. In this paper a method for liquor recognition based on liquid evaporation was presented. This method makes use of the distinct evaporation characteristics of different components in liquor samples. And during the evaporation process, one metal oxide gas sensor was used to detect the headspace of liquor samples for classification. Due to the distinct evaporation characteristics of different components, volatile compounds in the headspace evaporating from samples would change with the testing time. Meanwhile, the gas sensor would respond to these volatile compounds. Accordingly, more information of liquor samples during evaporation may be acquired with the proposed method. To verify the performance of this method, 8 different Chinese liquors with 50% alcohol for comparison were tested under the method. The results showed that the evaporation characteristics of these liquor samples were quite distinct. The correct classification accuracy of discriminant function analysis was 100%, which indicated this method may be a simple and effective way for complex-component liquid sample analysis.     

反式-2-烯醛类化合物和反，反-2，4-二烯醛类化合物在香精中的应用

本文介绍了C5-C13的反式-2-烯醛和反,反-2,4-二烯醛类化合物的性质和在香精中的应用。     

Conversion of Full-Scale Wet Scrubbers to Biotrickling Filters for H2S Control at Publicly Owned Treatment Works

Until recently, biological treatment of odors in biofilters or biotrickling filters was thought to require a longer gas contact time than chemical scrubbing, hence bioreactors for air treatment required a larger footprint. This paper discusses the conversion of chemical scrubbers to biological trickling filters. Initially, research was conducted with a laboratory-scale biotrickling filter. An effective open-pore polyurethane packing material was identified and H2S biotreatment performance was quantified. Key technical issues in determining the general suitability of converting wet scrubbers to biotrickling filters were identified, and a generic ten-step conversion procedure was developed. Following the laboratory research, five full-scale chemical scrubbers treating odorous air at the Sanitation District of Orange County, Calif., were converted to biotrickling filters. The original airflow rate was maintained, resulting in a gas contact time as low as 1.6–3.1?s. The converted biotrickling filters demonstrated an excellent capability for treating high H2S concentrations to concentrations below regulatory limits. This study shows outstanding potential for converting chemical scrubbers to biotrickling filters at publicly owned treatment works.     

单向阀胶防老剂的选取

通过替换现有成熟单向阀胶料配方中防老剂的品种以解决气味问题,并进行拉伸强度、拉断伸长率、硬度(邵氏A)、永久变形、热空气老化、屈挠龟裂、臭氧老化测定,通过数据对比分析选取符合潜水帽单向阀性能要求和使用要求的防老剂。     

等离子体室内空气净化技术研究成果与探讨

讨论了绝缘屏障放电和脉冲电晕放电应用于空气净化的实验,并比较了实验结果;研究了用交流屏障型等离子体反应器进行香烟烟雾气味控制的实验,并对结果进行了分析;阐述了等离子体杀菌消毒的原理,研究了不同菌种的平面试样实验。     

Alkylamine odors from degradation of flocculant polymers in sludges

The cationic organic polymers used to enhance thickening and dewatering processes are potential sources of strong odors. These polymers vary in chemical structure, and some may be more susceptible to biotic or abiotic degradation than others. The product organic amines will be volatilized most noticeably at high pH, as in lime addition. These possibilities were examined using several structural types of polymers combined with anaerobically digested sludge. Two commonly used polymers gave significant production of trimethylamine (TMA), which was released upon lime addition. Their structures were correlated with reactions that yield TMA. An initial ester hydrolysis step appears to be biologically mediated, but subsequent steps can occur due to alkaline conditions. An alternative cationic polymer structure did not generate TMA but required a much higher dose to effect sufficient conditioning of the sludge. The acrylamide-based polymers were shown to be the predominant source of TMA in limed sludges.