酞菁光敏剂对S180移植瘤的疗效

研究了GaS_4PC,ZnS_2PC两种酞菁在激光照射下对S180肉瘤的疗效,并讨论了其他酞菁光敏剂对癌细胞的杀伤效果。     

A Metal-Free Mesoporous Carbon Dots/Silica Hybrid Type I Photosensitizer with Enzyme-Activity for Synergistic Treatment of Hypoxic Tumor

As a less O₂-dependent photodynamic therapy (PDT), type I PDT is an effective approach to overcome the hypoxia-induced low efficiency against solid tumors. However, the commonly used metal-involved agents suffer from the long-term biosafety concern. Herein, a metal-free type I photosensitizer, N-doped carbon dots/mesoporous silica nanoparticles (NCDs/MSN, ≈40 nm) nanohybrid with peroxidase (POD)-like activity for synergistic PDT and enzyme-activity treatment, is developed on gram scale via a facile one-pot strategy through mixing carbon source and silica precursor with the assistance of template. Benefiting from the narrow bandgap (1.92 eV) and good charge separation capacity of NCDs/MSN, upon 640 nm light irradiation, the excited electrons in the conduction band can effectively generate O₂^•− by reduction of dissolved O₂ via a one-electron transfer process even under hypoxic conditions, inducing apoptosis of tumor cells. Moreover, the photoinduced O₂^•− can partially transform into more toxic ^•OH through a two-electron reduction. Moreover, the POD-like activity of NCDs/MSN can catalyze the endogenous H₂O₂ to ^•OH in the tumor microenvironment, further synergistically ablating 4T1 tumor cells. Therefore, a mass production way to synthesize a novel metal-free type I photosensitizer with enzyme-mimic activity for synergistic treatment of hypoxic tumors is provided, which exhibits promising clinical translation prospects.     

Drug self-assembly: A phenomenon at the nanometer scale with major impact in the structure–biological properties relationship and the treatment of disease

Under water-rich conditions, small amphiphilic and hydrophobic drug molecules self-assemble into supramolecular nanostructures. Thus, substantial modifications in their interaction with cellular structures and the ability to reach intracellular targets could happen. Additionally, drug aggregates could be more toxic than the non-aggregated counterparts, or vice versa. Moreover, since self-aggregation reduces the number of effective “monomeric” molecules that interact with the target, the drug potency could be underestimated. In other cases, the activity could be ascribed to the non-aggregated molecule while it stems from its aggregates. Thus, drug self-assembly could mislead from drug throughput screening assays to advanced preclinical and clinical trials. Finally, aggregates could serve as crystallization nuclei. The impact that this phenomenon has on the biological performance of active compounds, the inconsistent and often controversial nature of the published data and the need for recommendations/guidelines as preamble of more harmonized research protocols to characterize drug self-aggregation were main motivations for this review. First, the key molecular and environmental parameters governing drug self-aggregation, the main drug families for which this phenomenon and the methods used for its characterization are described. Then, promising nanotechnology platforms investigated to prevent/control it towards a more efficient drug development process are briefly discussed.     

Dynamic output feedback control of saturated switched delay systems under the PDT switching

This paper is devoted to saturated control of switched delay systems. The main focus is to find a suitable switching law and saturated output feedback controllers such that the closed‐loop systems are asymptotically stable and have the disturbance tolerance/rejection capacity. A mixed slow/arbitrary switching approach, so‐called persistent dwell time (PDT) switching, is used to design the switching law. Compared with the slow switching, it is more general and leads to more flexibility in the process of constructing switching signals. More importantly, the proposed PDT is dependent on state delay, which includes the previous delay‐independent PDT. Next, time‐varying ellipsoids and a prescribe l₂‐gain are introduced to characterize the disturbance tolerance and rejection capacities of systems, respectively. Based on the proposed results, the relation between delay‐dependent PDT and level of disturbance tolerance/rejection is shown. Finally, saturated controllers working in time‐varying hull controllable regions are designed. Thus, the considered problem is solved. An example is exploited to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed results. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于DSP和CPLD的图像采集系统驱动设计

提出了一种新的基于DSP和CPLD的图像采集系统驱动设计方法,该方法针对现有图像采集系统中程序设计灵活性较低和数据传输速度较慢的问题,利用CPLD的灵活性和TMS320C64x系列DSP的PDT传输功能设计了一种合理的解决方案,并给出了硬件接口设计方案以及DSP和CPLD上的部分程序代码。该设计已成功在实际中应用,并减小了CPU的开销、提高了工作效率,使系统适应性增强。     

差分吸收相干激光雷达中偏振分集技术研究

为减小差分吸收相干激光雷达(DIAL)中偏振衰落对 回波信号功率反演精度影响,研究了偏振分集技术(PDT)在相干DIAL中 的作用,构建了利用STM32控制的双光束切换DIAL实验装置。依托构 建的装置,利用平衡探 测,分别采用PDT和一般外差探测完成多组次实验,应用单频检测方法得到20m光程下吸收 气体不同浓度下相干中频信号的振 幅值,并由此求解出on光和off光回波信号功率。对回波信号功率值差分信息与由HITRAN得 到的参考差分信息比较 发现:应用PDT能使探测分辨率提高4倍,对应到2km距离内,可以探测到3.5×10－6ppm的CO₂浓度变化,满足了 气候研究所需的优于1％的精度要求,验证了PDT消除偏振衰落以及提高相干DIAL分辨精度的 作用。     

Synthesis and characterization of NIR-responsive Aurod@pNIPAAm-PEGMA nanogels as vehicles for delivery of photodynamic therapy agents

A near-infrared (NIR)-responsive Au_rod@pNIPAAm-PEGMA nanogel was synthesized in two steps, growing a PEGMA monolayer on the surface of gold nanorods (AuNRs), followed by in situ polymerization and cross-linking of N-iso-propylacrylamide (NIPAAm) and poly-(ethylene glycol)-methacrylate (PEGMA). The AuNRs and Au_rod@pNIPAAm-PEGMA nanogel were characterized by UV–vis spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The lower critical solution temperature of the Au_rod@pNIPAAm-PEGMA nanogel could be tuned by changing the molar ratio of NIPAAm/PEGMA. The NIR-mediated drug release behavior of the Au_rod@pNIPAAm-PEGMA nanogel was studied with zinc phthalocyanines (ZnPc₄) as a drug model. It was also demonstrated that the loaded ZnPc₄ could keep the capability of generating singlet oxygen, and the in vitro study showed a great photodynamic therapy (PDT) effect on Hela cells. It thus indicated the potential of this Au_rod@pNIPAAm-PEGMA nanogel for application as a drug carrier in PDT, which might make contributions to oncotherapy.     

ALA联合HPD光动力学治疗对S180腹水瘤细胞的影响的研究

目的 :通过细胞学水平研究确定ALA配合小剂量HPD激光光动力疗法促使肿细胞死亡及凋亡的光敏药用药剂量及与二者单独使用的差别方法 :以不同剂量的ALA(40 μg/ml、80 μg/ml、16 0 μg/ml)、HPD(2 .5 μg/ml、5 μg/ml、10 μg/ml)、二者联合与S180腹水瘤细胞一起培养 ,随后以 6 30nm半导体激光 2 0 0mW /cm2 ,照射肿瘤细胞 ,照射 2 0分钟 ,及与不用光敏剂单照激光、单用光敏剂不照光、不用光敏剂不照激光空白对照组比较。以流式细胞仪及倒置微镜观察促使肿瘤细胞凋亡或死亡的差别 ,寻找促使肿瘤细胞凋亡或死亡的最小合适剂量。结果 :ALA4 0 μg/ml配合HPD2 .5 μg/ml与S180腹水瘤细胞同时培养 ,6 30半导体激光 2 0 0mW /cm2 ,照射 2 0分钟组从形态学观察及流式细胞仪测定是能达到较佳的细胞凋亡的最小用光敏剂剂量。单纯ALA -PDT组中能达到小鼠S180腹水瘤细胞明显凋亡的最小剂量是ALA(80 μg/ml) ,单纯HPD -PDT组中能达到小鼠S180腹水瘤细胞明显凋亡最小剂量是HPD(5 μg/ml)。结论 :ALA4 0mg/kg配合HPD2 .5mg/kg ,6 30半导体激光2 0 0mW /cm2 ,照射 2 0分钟是能达到小鼠S180腹水瘤细胞明显凋亡的最小光敏剂剂量。     

光动力疗法对肝癌小鼠的抗肿瘤及免疫效应研究

目的探讨光动力疗法(PDT)对肿瘤组织杀伤作用及免疫效应的机理。方法应用PDT对40只接种H22肝癌的昆明小鼠作杀伤实验,对组织形态学、抑瘤率及免疫学指标进行检测。结果PDT对肿瘤细胞具有选择性杀伤和抑制肿瘤组织生长的作用,激光照射5天与对照组瘤重分别为(0.760±0.613)g,(1.951±0.822)g;肿瘤体积为(1.648±0.683)cm3,(3.976±0.847)cm3,t=5.856,8.973,P<0.01,两组差异有非常显著性。对正常组织无损伤。各免疫指标与对照组差异有显著性。结论PDT具有直接杀伤癌细胞、抑制肿瘤组织生长的作用,并且对荷瘤小鼠的免疫功能有调节作用。     

基于RFID和GPRS技术的城市物流配送系统研究

传统的城市物流配送系统普遍采用的PDT(Portable Data Terminal)虽然携带方便,但是却存在读写距离短、范围小,需要手工更新物流信息等不足.分析了传统城市物流配送系统中存在的一些缺点,提出了一种基于RFID(Radio Frequency Identification)和GPRS技术的城市物流配送系统框架,实现了大范围物流信息的采集、存储以及自动实时传输.详细分析了各组成部分主要功能及各子系统的具体实现.