基于线性判别分析的寄生虫卵识别

寄生虫病是危害人类及动物健康的疾病之一。为了实现对寄生虫卵的自动识别,辅助临床检测,提出基于线性判别分析的寄生虫卵识别方法。采用结合形态学滤波和Otsu的方法分割得到寄生虫卵及其轮廓,提取形状特征和纹理特征作为特征向量集,并利用线性判别分析实现对寄生虫卵自动识别。实验结果表明,该方法对6种寄生虫卵的识别正确率达到90.70%。     

Horizon scanning for management of emerging parasitic infections in fishery products

Public organizations operating in health and food-safety sectors are increasingly realizing the advantages of the long-term view of risk uncertainties associated to biological hazards, served-up in the short-term to anticipate the problem and its handling. Thus, the horizon scanning is becoming a major strand in proactive risk management and patient-consumer protection continuity. This approach was recently explained in the scientific opinion on risk assessment of parasites in fishery products by the European Food Safety Authority, EFSA (2010), followed by the launching of a funding scheme for a specific EU Framework Program Project under the Knowledge Based Bio-Economy concept, KBBE (FP7-KBBE-2012-6), which drives the new EU 2020 strategy. The aim of this paper is to examine horizon scanning issues in relation to public health and industrial concern on the presence of parasites in fishery products recorded in the Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) System. We focus on specific threats, targets, methods and challenges as a means of acquiring management goals and future objectives. The proposed horizon scanning identifies emerging ideas/technologies for an early handling of parasitized fish stocks/products for priority setting to inform strategic planning of stakeholders, policy-makers and health services. In order to accomplish this, a set of risk GIS maps illustrating the state of art about the presence of the zoonotic Anisakis spp. on commercial fish stocks of the last 65 years was firstly developed. Secondly, a program of 108 surveys among fish sellers of Galicia (NW Spain) were carried out with the main objective of getting information about hazard recognition, fish product management practices, quality self-controls and corrective and preventive measures in use. Additionally, during the “I International Symposium on strategies for management of parasitized seafood products” (Vigo, Spain), groups of researchers, technologists, official inspectors and industries participated in round tables with 3 different perspectives: market-industry, inspection and academia. All scanners agreed that the status quo to manage fish parasites in the production-to-consumption food pathway is unsatisfactory. The central message proposed a stable network performance based on collaborative software to provide multi-level information for industrial management of parasite contaminants in fish products. The discussion group also proposed to invigorate collaborative translational research and professional training as key drivers to fuel technological innovations and tech transfer, which may help to minimize/eliminate the risk of parasites that have public health and economic impacts in fish products.     

First genetically verified occurrence of Ligula pavlovskii outside its native range and characteristics of its infection in Neogobius fluviatilis

In this study, we provide the first genetically verified distribution record beyond its native range of Ligula pavlovskii, a high-impact endoparasite of Ponto-Caspian gobies. According to parasitological surveys, ligulosis was detected for the first time in monkey goby individuals collected from Lake Balaton in 2004, 34 years after the first record of monkey goby in the lake. During a Lake Balaton survey in 2018, we detected tapeworms in 44.4% of the sampled monkey gobies. This prevalence is about two to ten times higher than it was reported from within the native range of the fish hosts. The same survey revealed an uneven spatial distribution of the ligulosis in the monkey gobies inhabiting different shoreline sections of the lake. We assume that the occurrence and recent distribution data of this high-impact endoparasite may provide useful information for potential biocontrol measures of invasive Ponto-Caspian gobies in the future.     

HgCdTe光伏器件反常I－V特性分析

对ＨｇＣｄＴｅ光伏器件研制中出现的光电二极管伏安特性反常现象提出了寄生ｐ－ｎ结模型，并以此模型为基点，结合工艺实验对此现象进行了解释和分析。     

寄生虫低温保存的研究现状

传统的寄生虫保存方法有体外培养和动物转种,这些方法操作繁琐,成本较高,而且易发生遗传漂变、人为差错或混淆等问题。低温保存寄生虫可克服传统保存方法的弊端,并可保持寄生虫原有的生物学特性。本文就低温保存寄生虫的种类及主要影响因素作一综述,为寄生虫低温保存的研究提供参考。     

食品中寄生虫污染及预防

对食品中寄生虫污染的种类及寄生虫对人体健康的影响以及造成污染的途径进行了分析,并对预防食品中寄生虫污染提出一些建议。     

用于防护级照射量实验室标准的薄壁球形电离室

本文介绍了一种可作为防护级照射量实验室标准的塑料薄壁球形电离室的设计和主要性能。该电离室容积为100cm~3;本底电流不大于1×10~(15)A;在33keV—1.25MeV 能区内的能量响应(以~(60)Coγ射线的响应归1)<±5%;在上述能区内,当照射量率为10mR/h时,校准因子的总不确定度(一倍标准差)估计为±0.9%,在近一年内的长期稳定性<±1.2%。该电离室于1987年 IAEA 关于次级标准实验室校准程序亚太地区比对研讨会期间与 IAEA 剂量实验室比对,在上述能区内与本实验室校准结果在1.2%内相符。     

Hyperspectral transmittance imaging of the shell-free cooked clam Mulinia edulis for parasite detection

The clam Mulinia edulis is occasionally infected by the parasite Edotea magellanica. In this paper the normalized optical transmittance of the clam and its parasite have been disclosed for the first time using a hyperspectral imaging system. It has been identified that, in the spectral band of 600–950 nm, the normalized optical transmittance of clam’s mantle cavity changes in the presence or absence of the parasite. This relative change in the normalized optical transmittance has been used as an effective spectral feature for designing parasite detectors. As a proof of concept two detectors have been designed. The first detector, which relies on all the hyperspectral information, achieved a perfect detection accuracy in identifying parasite-infected clams. The second detector, which is based on a reduced number of hyperspectral bands, achieved an 85% detection accuracy. These results provide insights on the fundamental trade-off between detection accuracy and the amount of hyperspectral information for parasite detection in clams.     

Detection of Cryptosporidium in miniaturised fluidic devices

Contamination of drinking water with the protozoan pathogen, Cryptosporidium, represents a serious risk to human health due to the low infectious dose and the resistance of this parasite to chlorine disinfection. Therefore, several countries have legislated for the frequent monitoring of drinking water for Cryptosporidium presence. Existing approved monitoring protocols are however time-consuming and do not provide essential information on the species, virulence or viability of detected oocysts. Rapid, more information-rich and automatable systems for Cryptosporidium detection are highly sought-after, and numerous miniaturised devices have been developed to address this need. This review article aims to summarise the state-of-the-art and compare the performance of these systems in terms of detection limit, ability to determine species, viability and performance in the presence of interferents. Finally, conclusions are drawn with regard to the most promising methods and directions of future research.     

基于LKM的嵌入式Linux内核调试模型及实现

为了克服嵌入式Linux调试领域中的插桩模型的缺点,该文在LKM技术的基础之上,引入了“寄生技术”,提出了一种嵌入式Linux内核调试模型,实现了调试代理的功能。实验表明,该模型降低了寄生代码与嵌入式Linux内核的耦合度,减少了对嵌入式Linux内核的修改量,提供了更为灵活的扩展机制和更容易移植的条件。