适用于地震数据可视化的体绘制模型与算法

论文根据勘探数据量大、内部信息细节不重要等特点,应用了变密度粒子模型,使得分析人员能对油气藏的位置和储量等进行分析,从而能准确地确定钻井的位置,减少了风险。对传统的光线投射算法作了改进,对光线和体素立方体进行了离散化处理,以层为单位遍历数据场,大大地减少了绘制时间,节约了内存空间。     

Optical and thermal characterization procedure for a variable geometry concentrator: A standard approach

Concentrating solar collectors are mentioned in the International Standards, but the general testing methods for solar collectors mentioned cannot easily be applied to such unusual collector designs. In this study, the best optical and thermal model for a variable geometry solar concentrator has been investigated. In the particular case of a collector with a fixed mirror concentrator, the relative position of the receiver with respect to the reflector is not constant during the day, and this variable geometry is not taken into account in the current testing Standards. An optical characterization of the prototype using a ray-tracing program has been performed, and the results have been used as an initial hypothesis to define two thermal models adapted from the European Standard. Those two different models have been compared. The optical results obtained from experiments have been compared to ray-tracing simulation results, and they have been found to be quite similar, considering the measurement uncertainties. This validation procedure of the optical simulation could be an important point to be taken into account in a future Standard revision for variable geometry collector types for which the normal incidence is not easy to obtain.     

天线阵结构对非视距室内MIMO信道容量的影响

采用2维射线跟踪法分析了非视距室内环境中天线间隔、天线阵形对MIMO系统容量和互补累积分布函数(CCDF)的影响。结果表明随着天线间隔减小,MIMO系统容量降低。10%中断容量表明,天线间隔相同时,有独立同分布瑞利信道容量大于线性阵容量大于方阵容量或者圆形阵容量的关系。当天线间隔大于等于3 时,不同天线阵列阵形对容量影响非常小,此时i.i.d.瑞利信道理论容量几乎全部实现。当天线间隔小于等于1 时,天线阵列阵形对容量影响较大,矩形阵和圆形阵MIMO系统容量相差较小,但都显著小于线性阵列系统容量。在非视距的室内环境中,要实现最大的MIMO容量增益,设计天线阵列时应该对天线间隔和阵列阵形综合考虑。     

Monte Carlo有限元射线追迹法计算圆柱形闪烁体与光纤的耦合功率

本文建立了基于计算机模拟的蒙特卡罗有限元射线追迹法,应用该方法对不同结构尺寸的圆柱型LSO晶体和大芯径光纤耦合输出进行了模拟研究.模拟结果表明:闪烁体半径一定情况下,耦合功率增加的幅度随闪烁体厚度增加呈递减趋势,在闪烁体的厚度达到10 cm时增加闪烁体厚度,耦合功率增加趋于平缓;闪烁体厚度一定的情况下,在闪烁体的半径达到光纤立体角对应的半径后,继续增加半径,耦合功率增加幅度逐渐减少;在闪烁体的入射端面包95%的反射材料后,其耦合功率增加了90%.     

Display of profiled sweep objects

A class of free-form solids called profiled sweep objects is defined by four parametric curves: a 2D contour (cross-section), a 3D trajectory (spine), and two profile curves, which control the scaling of the contour as it moves along the trajectory. Subclasses of this are profiled prisms, which have a linear trajectory, and profiled generalized cylinders, which have an arbitrary 3D trajectory. First an exact definition of profiled sweep object, is presented and their relation with common sweep objects is described. Then a method is given for the construction of planar approximations of these objects that can be used for fast display generation. Finally, ray-tracing algorithms are given that directly use the exact definition for high-quality display.     

射线跟踪模型及应用实例

射线跟踪模型作为一种高精度的规划仿真传播模型,在大中型城市重点覆盖区域的规划方案仿真验证中得到广泛应用。首先对射线跟踪模型基本原理进行介绍,然后对影响射线跟踪模型准确性的因素进行分析,最后以广州天河区和东山区的部分区域为例,将射线跟踪模型预测结果与现场路测结果进行验证及对比分析,从而说明在微蜂窝环境下射线跟踪模型的应用优势。     

Acceptance diagram calculations of the performance of neutron removal mirrors

We have used the method of acceptance diagrams to compute the performance of low energy neutron removal mirrors, or “deflectors”, placed within a parallel neutron guide. Such devices are typically used to remove long wavelength neutrons from cold neutron beams. With appropriate coatings they may also be used as low energy neutron polarizers, ideally transmitting one spin state and reflecting the other spin state out of the beam. Within the small angle approximation, ignoring absorption, and representing reflectivities using unit step functions (either 0% or 100%, depending on the angle of incidence and the critical angle), the transmission probability reduces to a function of 3 ratios among 4 angles: the inclination angle of the deflector and the critical angles (which are proportional to neutron wavelength) of the upstream entrance guide, the deflector, and the guide within which the deflector is placed. The results of the acceptance diagram calculations, and of complementary ray-tracing calculations using realistic reflectivity profiles for the deflector, should benefit scientists and engineers involved in the design of neutron scattering instruments that potentially incorporate neutron deflectors.     

Bi-directional transmission properties of Venetian blinds: experimental assessment compared to ray-tracing calculations

An accurate evaluation of daylight distribution through advanced fenestration systems (complex glazing, solar shading systems) requires the knowledge of their Bidirectional light Transmission (Reflection) Distribution Function BT(R)DF. An innovative equipment for the experimental assessment of these bi-directional functions has been developed, based on a digital imaging detection system. An extensive set of BTDF measurements was performed with this goniophotometer on Venetian blinds presenting curved slats with a mirror coating on the upper side.In this paper, the measured data are compared with ray-tracing results achieved with a virtual copy of the device, that was constructed with a commercial ray-tracing software. The model of the blind was created by implementing the measured reflection properties of the slats coatings in the ray-tracing calculations. These comparisons represent an original and objective validation methodology for detailed bi-directional properties for a complex system; the good agreement between the two methods, yet presenting very different parameters and assessment methodologies, places reliance both on the digital-imaging detection system and calibration, and on the potentiality of a flexible calculation method combining ray-tracing simulations with simple components measurements.     

A numerical method to estimate time-varying values of diffuse irradiance on surfaces in complex geometrical environments

The estimation of diffuse irradiance that impinges on a window or photovoltaic panel is of major importance for the determination of their performance. The present paper introduces the concept of angular shading factors (ASF) for the calculation of time-varying diffuse irradiances to be performed without the need to repeat time consuming intereflection calculations at every time step. For the calculation of ASF, a Monte Carlo backward ray tracing technique was used. As a result, geometrically complex scenes consisting of surfaces with diffuse and specular reflectances, while transparent and translucent surfaces can be modeled as well. After that, the calculation of diffuse irradiance can be performed in a dynamic way, by taking into consideration the sky radiance distribution variability.     

二维地质模型正演技术在油气勘探中的应用

论述了利用已有地震资料解释成果，根据地质任务建立二维地质模型，在此基础上进行射线追踪、模拟出单炮地震记录和自激自收剖面，从而对观测系统的最大炮检距、道间距等参数进行论证的一些实用方法，这些方法对地震资料采集具有很好的指导作用。在复杂地质构造地震勘探过程中，利用二维地震模型正演技术论证二维观测系统设计能够有效地进行质量技术监控，并能及时指导野外生产，同时验证了以往解释的正确性。