Improved aqueous solubility,bioaccessibility and cellular uptake of quercetin following pH-driven encapsulation in whey protein isolate

The purpose of this study was to increase the water solubility and potential bioavailability of quercetin by encapsulation in whey protein isolate (WPI) based on a green, efficient pH-driven method. According to the results, the water solubility of quercetin increased by 346.9: times after loading into WPI nanoparticles. When the initial quercetin concentration was 0.25 mg mL⁻¹ and WPI was 2% w/v, the encapsulation efficiency reached 94.1%, the Z-average diameter was 36.63 nm, and the zeta potential was −36.4 mV at pH 7.0. The fluorescence spectroscopy assay suggested the molecular complexation of quercetin and WPI at pH 12.0. X-ray diffraction assay indicated the enclosure of amorphous quercetin in WPI. Correspondingly, the bioaccessibility increased from 2.76% to 31.23% and the Caco-2 cell monolayer uptake increased from 0% to 2.12% after nanoencapsulation. This work confirmed that the pH-driven method is an effective approach to prepare WPI–quercetin nanocapsules to improve physical and potentially biological properties of quercetin.     

Experimental Research on Erbium-doped Superfluorescent Fiber Source

The effects of the variations in fiber length, fiber mirror reflectance on efficiency and output power are experimentally investigated for erbium-doped double pass backward superfluorescent fiber sources (SFSs). The influence of fiber length on mean wavelength stability (MWS) has also been demonstrated. By incorporating a short section of un-pumped erbium-doped fiber (EDF) at the output port, the pump power dependent on MWS becomes independent of pumped EDF length. This is a novel phenomenon that hasn‘t been reported up to now,and should be helpful to SFS fabrication and theory analysis. By using a fiber Michelson interferometer as spectrum slicing component,a multi-wavelength fiber source (MWFS) with ～20 channels (from 1542nm to 1559nm) is got. The MWFS has a channel spacing of ～0. 8 nm which satisfies ITUstandard. The intensity fluctuation among channels is less than 0.5dB,and the extinction ratio of all channels is above 14dB. This kind of MWFS should be useful to wavelength division multiplexing systems.     

一种适用于有限长度混合相位未知脉冲的最小平方反褶积新方法

普通的最小平方反褶积只有在子波为最小相位脉冲和反射序列为白噪声的假设下才是成立的,而对于混合相位未知脉冲来说,这种最小平方反褶积就不再适用了。本文提出一种适合于有限长度混合相位未知脉冲的最小平方反褶积方法。运用此法只需预先估计一个混合相位子波的长度。合成数据的试验结果表明,该方法有较好的效果,且对预先估计出的子波长度不敏感。文中还证明混合相位未知脉冲最小平方反褶积等效于一种有间隙的平滑误差滤波器的作用,而这种有间隙的平滑误差滤波又可分解为一个前向多步预测误差滤波与一个后向多步预测误差滤波之和。可以预计这种新的反滤积方法将在地震数据处理中得到有效的应用。     

一种基于小波变换的OTDR事件分析算法的研究

简单分析了用 OTDR卡进行光纤检测的原理 ,根据小波分析检测信号突变点的理论 ,提出了运用小波分析对光纤断点及反射事件准确定位的方法。理论分析和实例计算表明 ,这种方法对 OTDR曲线中反射事件尤其是断点的定位非常准确 ,是一种行之有效的方法     

Fractionation and characterisation for antioxidant activity of hydrolysed whey protein

Whey protein isolate (WPI) was hydrolysed for 1 h using Alcalase, Protamex and Flavourzyme. Native WPI, hydrolysed WPI and two commercial WPI hydrolysates were subjected to fractionation by size exclusion chromatography. Antioxidant activity of WPI fractions was measured with a liposome‐oxidising system (50 µM FeCl₃/0.1 µM ascorbate, pH 7.0). Lipid oxidation was measured as thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substances (TBARS). Gel electrophoresis and amino acid analysis were run to identify the peptide composition. The influence of amino acid composition on antioxidant activity was evaluated using multivariate analysis methods (correlation analysis, principal component analysis, multiple linear regression and discriminant analysis). TBARS assays indicated the presence of antioxidant activity in all protein fractions, including non‐hydrolysed WPI. For native and hydrolysed WPI samples the first fraction (> 45 kDa) showed a higher TBARS inhibition effect (24–27%) when compared with lower‐molecular‐weight fractions and hydrolysate mixtures. In contrast, for commercial WPI hydrolysates a higher inhibitory effect was found in most of the lower‐molecular‐weight fractions (30–55%). The ability of WPI fractions to delay lipid oxidation was found to be related to the prevalence of histidine and hydrophobic amino acids. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

永久式防倒灌隔水采油工艺在长庆油田的应用

长庆油田存在严重的套管腐蚀损坏,采取的主要治理措施是隔水采油工艺技术。原有隔水采油工艺存在隔采周期短、检泵时水层倒灌污染油层、多次隔采后坐封难度大等问题,为此,试验应用了永久式防倒灌隔水采油工艺。现场试验、应用表明,该工艺具有隔采成功率高、隔采周期长等优点,能有效防止检泵时上部水层倒灌污染油层,具有很好的应用价值和推广前景。     

反挤压对SiCw/6061力学性能影响的实验研究

以挤压工艺对SiCw/6061复合材料力学性能的影响为研究目标,通过改变挤压温度、挤压比以及凸模中心锥角等工艺参数,系统分析了挤压铸造制备的SiCw/6061复合材料反挤压变形前后强度、塑性及硬度的变化规律.研究表明,挤压变形可以有效地提升复合材料试件的各项力学性能指标;随着挤压温度的升高,试件的屈服强度、抗拉强度均呈现升高的变化趋势,延伸率先显著增大而后略有减小,硬度则呈现下降的趋势;随着挤压比的增加,试件的强度、塑性及硬度均呈现上升趋势;随着凸模中心锥角的增大,试件的屈服强度、抗拉强度均呈现先升高后下降的趋势,延伸率及硬度则随着锥角的增加始终呈上升趋势.     

钢球纵轧成形后滑的研究

基于钢球坯纵轧成形工艺,应用弹塑性有限元法,建立了钢球坯连轧成形的实体模型;模拟了轧件在成形过程中的速度场;通过实验研究了后滑的存在及其影响因素。     

Hadoop平台下改进的LATE调度算法

对Hadoop平台下的MapReduce现有的调度器进行分析研究。针对LATE调度算法在分配节点执行落后任务的备份任务时的不足,结合Hadoop集群的异构性和工作负载的特殊性,在LATE调度算法的基础上提出了一种改进的LATE调度算法。对该算法进行实验和性能分析,表明该算法在完成时间和负载均衡方面有很大改进。     

局部拥挤条件下单点自组织信号控制方法研究

针对已有交通信号控制方法难以有效疏导拥挤交通流的现状,以感应线圈检测器采集到的实时数据为拥挤识别的基础,以拥挤流向放行车辆数最大为目标,提出了一种无信号周期、无固定相位相序限制的单个交叉口自组织信号控制的基本原理,研究了候选信号相位集、各流向权重、等待时间上限的确定方法,设计了局部拥挤条件下单个交叉口的自组织信号配时方法,并以VISSIM为工具进行了模拟验证和对比分析。结果表明,所提出的方法能够改善局部交通拥挤的疏导效果。