Improved aqueous solubility,bioaccessibility and cellular uptake of quercetin following pH-driven encapsulation in whey protein isolate

The purpose of this study was to increase the water solubility and potential bioavailability of quercetin by encapsulation in whey protein isolate (WPI) based on a green, efficient pH-driven method. According to the results, the water solubility of quercetin increased by 346.9: times after loading into WPI nanoparticles. When the initial quercetin concentration was 0.25 mg mL⁻¹ and WPI was 2% w/v, the encapsulation efficiency reached 94.1%, the Z-average diameter was 36.63 nm, and the zeta potential was −36.4 mV at pH 7.0. The fluorescence spectroscopy assay suggested the molecular complexation of quercetin and WPI at pH 12.0. X-ray diffraction assay indicated the enclosure of amorphous quercetin in WPI. Correspondingly, the bioaccessibility increased from 2.76% to 31.23% and the Caco-2 cell monolayer uptake increased from 0% to 2.12% after nanoencapsulation. This work confirmed that the pH-driven method is an effective approach to prepare WPI–quercetin nanocapsules to improve physical and potentially biological properties of quercetin.     

道路边坡生态防护初探

随着我国经济实力的增强和人们环保意识的提高，国家已经十分重视道路建设中的生态建设和环境保护。通过对已建道路边坡防护方式进行分析，找出了存在的问题，提出改善和提高道路边坡防护的方法，并通过工程实例进一步得到验证。     

Highly oriented star-like patterns observed on GaSe epilayers grown on Si(111)

Epitaxial lamellar gallium selenide (GaSe) semiconductors have been grown on trench-patterned silicon (Si) substrates by molecular beam epitaxy. An intriguing star-like patterned morphology was identified by atomic force microscopy on these epilayers. This non-trivial feature can be correlated with the accumulation of stacking faults of two concurrent epitaxial domains around self-oriented triangular pits developed earlier on the Si(111) surface by the chemical etching. Crystallographic considerations show how the stars can be formed.     

桩柱式采金船每帮挖方量的理论计算

本文从理论上推导出了桩柱式采金船每帮挖方量计算的数学模型并，可广泛地用于设计与生产中，从而提高采金船设计的准确性，以及对生产矿山进行矿量、回收率和实收品位等采选指标收测的可靠性。     

Fractionation and characterisation for antioxidant activity of hydrolysed whey protein

Whey protein isolate (WPI) was hydrolysed for 1 h using Alcalase, Protamex and Flavourzyme. Native WPI, hydrolysed WPI and two commercial WPI hydrolysates were subjected to fractionation by size exclusion chromatography. Antioxidant activity of WPI fractions was measured with a liposome‐oxidising system (50 µM FeCl₃/0.1 µM ascorbate, pH 7.0). Lipid oxidation was measured as thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substances (TBARS). Gel electrophoresis and amino acid analysis were run to identify the peptide composition. The influence of amino acid composition on antioxidant activity was evaluated using multivariate analysis methods (correlation analysis, principal component analysis, multiple linear regression and discriminant analysis). TBARS assays indicated the presence of antioxidant activity in all protein fractions, including non‐hydrolysed WPI. For native and hydrolysed WPI samples the first fraction (> 45 kDa) showed a higher TBARS inhibition effect (24–27%) when compared with lower‐molecular‐weight fractions and hydrolysate mixtures. In contrast, for commercial WPI hydrolysates a higher inhibitory effect was found in most of the lower‐molecular‐weight fractions (30–55%). The ability of WPI fractions to delay lipid oxidation was found to be related to the prevalence of histidine and hydrophobic amino acids. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

西电东送战略研究

西电东送战略系在对我国东、西部地区自然资源和经济资源的差异性与互补重构的必要性研究的基础上形成与发展的。对西北、华北联网工程和西南水电能源基地建设的研究。主要围绕西部水电开发规模、时序、可能外送电力的能力、流向、，以及其经济合理性技术可行性展开。加强国家的产业、行业政策引导，实施多元资源互补策略，必将促进西电东送事业的发展。     

基于互触发的Oracle细粒度数据保护和恢复的研究及实现

本系统的主要思路是利用Oracle的触发器、Flash Recovery Area等技术,结合J2EE技术,实现一套基于B/S架构的Oracle数据保护和恢复系统,包括权限管理、数据恢复、系统管理三大模块,旨在解决以下问题:(1)建立新的权限控制。Oracle自带的权限控制不够安全,本系统拟创建一套新的权限体系,作为对Oracle的权限的补充,使业务系统的数据使用起来更加安全;(2)建立新的数据恢复。用软件实现Oracle的数据实时恢复,在真正执行危险操作以后,对数据进行针对性地、迅速恢复;(3)实现互触发保护,避免"通过人为的方式直接去drop触发器"之类操作的实现。     

浅谈变电运行中等电位倒闸操作的应用

倒闸操作是变电运行的重点和难点工作之一,倒闸操作的正确性直接关系到操作人员的人身安全及设备的安全运行,如果操作不当,将会导致整个电力系统处于崩溃的边缘,其重要性不言而喻。分析了倒闸操作的基本原理和存在的问题,并探讨了变电运行中等电位倒闸操作的具体程序。     

NBA常规赛同部不同区的球队的比赛安排

NBA常规赛同部不同区球队的比赛有的队赛3场有的队赛4场,故NBA常规赛同部不同区球队的比赛安排是整个赛程安排的难点。笔者分别以公平性及观赏性为目标,作出了NBA常规赛中同部不同区的球队的比赛安排。且用行、列追逐法对赛3场时的主、客场作出了安排。