Review of digital twin about concepts,technologies, and industrial applications

Various kinds of engineering software and digitalized equipment are widely applied through the lifecycle of industrial products. As a result, massive data of different types are being produced. However, these data are hysteretic and isolated from each other, leading to low efficiency and low utilization of these valuable data. Simulation based on theoretical and static model has been a conventional and powerful tool for the verification, validation, and optimization of a system in its early planning stage, but no attention is paid to the simulation application during system run-time. With the development of new-generation information and digitalization technologies, more data can be collected, and it is time to find a way for the deep application of all these data. As a result, the concept of digital twin has aroused much concern and is developing rapidly. Dispute and discussions around concepts, paradigms, frameworks, applications, and technologies of digital twin are on the rise both in academic and industrial communities. After a complete search of several databases and careful selection according to the proposed criteria, 240 academic publications about digital twin are identified and classified. This paper conducts a comprehensive and in-depth review of these literatures to analyze digital twin from the perspective of concepts, technologies, and industrial applications. Research status, evolution of the concept, key enabling technologies of three aspects, and fifteen kinds of industrial applications in respective lifecycle phase are demonstrated in detail. Based on this, observations and future work recommendations for digital twin research are presented in the form of different lifecycle phases.     

数字化产品开发中的过程管理

分析了项目管理、流程管理和产品数据对象的生命周期管理的底层一致性和相互关系.将数字化产品开发过程的管理在粒度上分为了项目管理、流程管理和产品数据对象的生命周期管理三种,分别对应任务、活动和操作三种不同粒度的过程单元,不同粒度的过程单元使用不同策略.在此基础上建立了过程管理的模型,给出了过程管理在BITPDM系统中的初步实现,拓宽了PDM的管理范围,实现了过程和数据动态管理的集成.     

受限节点的WSNs非均匀分簇算法应用研究

针对常规分簇路由算法不能有效解决节点位置、能量、频段受限的固态发酵温度检测无线传感器网络(WSNs)中节点过早死亡和能耗不均衡的问题,提出了一种基于粒子群优化(PSO)算法的非均匀分簇路由协议。首先,根据网络规模选择固定数目的簇首节点,然后,引入PSO算法和非均匀分簇机制,以簇首节点覆盖范围和簇内节点与簇首之间平均欧氏距离作为评价函数的影响因子,选取一组最优簇首。仿真实验结果表明:所提算法有效改善了受限节点无线测温网络"热区"效应,均衡了节点能耗,显著延长了网络生存周期。     

一种能量高效的无线传感器网络拓扑控制算法

通过对现有拓扑控制算法的研究,针对无线传感器网络中节点能耗分布不均匀的问题,提出了一种能量高效的拓扑控制算法(EETCA)。该算法以均衡全局能耗为目标,综合考虑了节点的剩余能量、簇的规模、数据最优传输跳数等因素,避免了部分节点能量消耗过快,从而有效地均衡网络负载。仿真结果表明:EETCA在能耗均衡方面均优于原来的算法,延长了无线传感器网络的生命周期。     

关于控制氯代烃的政策选择

本文分析了氯代烃的生产所引起的环境问题,并提出了减少氯代烃环境影响的政策选择的基本原则。     

一种面向微网监测的传感器协作覆盖算法

提出一种微网中的传感器协作覆盖算法。该算法在不同的时间片周期通过连通的协作覆盖集的构造和调度两个步骤实现整个传感器网络节点能源的高效利用,延长传感器网络的生命周期。仿真实验表明,提出的协作覆盖算法能够以较高的效率明显地延长传感器网络的生命周期。     

基于PDM的工程变更管理

变更活动在企业产品开发过程中不可避免，论文从工程变更的需求出发，分析了当前工程变更的瓶颈所在，提出了基于PDM的工程变更模型和变更流程，并结合PDM中已有的工作流管理技术和生命周期管理技术，阐述了如何保证变更流程自动化控制和变更数据的正确传递与演变的关键问题，最后给出具体的实现步骤和实例。     

装备技术信息服务平台设计

通过装备技术信息服务平台应用的实践,为装备CALS建设积累有益经验。开发装备技术信息服务平台使装备信息管理从基于纸张的手工工作方式,向应用计算机和网络等先进信息技术的高度电子化、集成化和自动化过渡的方向发展。经过服务平台的应用提高了效率,降低了寿命周期费用。基于CALS的装备技术信息服务平台有广阔的应用前景。