无机物——聚醋酸乙烯复合乳液粒子结构及主要性能

本文对均聚醋酸乙烯乳液及其与无机物的混合物,无机物——聚醋酸乙烯复合乳液的粒子结构进行了比较,阐述了复合乳液的主要性能。     

P(MMA/EA)/PEG-TPE半互穿网络聚合物的合成

为提高聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/聚乙二醇聚氨酯(PMMA/PEG-TPE)半互穿网络聚合物的相容性,探索了在PEG-TPE中将甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)与丙烯酸乙酯(EA)共聚形成P(MMA/EA)/PEG-TPE半互穿网络聚合物(S-IPN).红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱分析表明丙烯酸酯基本反应完全,PEG-TPE的单体转化率达到89%; 动态热机械分析(DMA)显示P(MMA/EA)/PEG-TPE的玻璃化转变温度峰较同组成比例的PMMA/PEG-TPE内移,甚至在组成比为10/90,30/70的体系中形成了单一的玻璃化转变峰,且扫描电镜(SEM)中表面形貌也变得较柔顺,表明体系的相容性和互穿程度进一步提高.     

雾化介质对无铅焊锡粉末形貌及粒度分布的影响

利用自行设计的超音速雾化制粉装置,研究不同雾化介质对SnAgCu系无铅焊锡粉末有效雾化率、粒度分布及球形度的影响。结果表明:在一定雾化条件下,氦气雾化粉末具有最高的有效雾化率,最佳的球形度、表面光滑度及粒度分布;氮气雾化的粉末具有较好的综合性能;与氦气、氮气相比,氩气雾化粉末综合性能较差;空气雾化粉末雾化率较高,但粉末较粗、表面粗糙。     

玉米芯糖化发酵生产燃料酒精的研究

利用正交试验对玉米芯发酵生产燃料酒精的条件进行了摇瓶试验。试验发现,采用管囊酵母SQY-001发酵生产酒精的最适条件为发酵温度36℃,发酵周期为72h,转速为100r/min,纤维素酶用量为40IU/(g·底物),并在此条件下得到酒精产率为0.152g/g。     

Al含量对热爆反应合成Al／TiC复合材料的影响

本文利用热爆反应合成法制备了Ａｌ／ＴｉＣ复合材料，研究了反应合成过程中，温度特性以及Ａｌ含量对其的影响，结果表现：在反应合成过程中的Ａｌ的熔化，然后是陶瓷相的合成反应，并且随着Ａｌ含量的增加，反应最高温度降低，而反应起始温度和反应持续时间基本不变。此外，研究了Ａｌ含量对反应生成 影响。     

准周期a-Si:H/a-SiN_x:H超晶格

本文首次报道成功地实现了非晶态半导体准周期(无平移对称性)超晶格结构.利用辉光放电汽相淀积技术,由两种超薄的a-Si:H层和a-SiN_x:H层按Fibonacci序列程序淀积而构成一维准周期超晶格.其中两种一维周期格子的调制波长比为黄金分割τ=(1+5~(1/2))/2.剖面电子显微像和相应的电子衍射花样揭示出这类新型非晶态半导体超晶格的奇异性质.简单的理论计算给予实验衍射图像以明确的物理解释.     

NanoZnO initiated polymerization of N-vinylcarbazole (NVC) and evaluation of a poly(N-vinylcarbazole)–ZnO nanocomposite

The polymerization of N-vinylcarbazole was conducted in bulk in presence of ZnO without any external initiator and a nanocomposite of poly(N-vinylcarbazole)–ZnO (PNVC–ZnO) was isolated from the system. The polymerization of N-vinylcarbazole by ZnO impregnated with acetylene black (AB) and Fe³⁺ was also conducted to isolate the respective AB and Fe³⁺ loaded PNVC–ZnO composites, PNVC–ZnO(AB) and PNVC–ZnO(Fe³⁺). The formation of the poly(N-vinylcarbazole) in these systems was confirmed by FTIR, UV–vis and emission spectroscopic analysis. TGA, DSC and SEM characteristics of these composites were evaluated in details. XRD analysis revealed no crystanillity in poly(N-vinylcarbazole) moiety. PNVC–ZnO was nonconducting but PNVC–ZnO(AB) and PNVC–ZnO(Fe³⁺) systems exhibited conductivities in the range 0.12 and 10⁻³ S/cm respectively. A carbocationic propagation pathway was suggested to explain the initiation of N-vinylcarbazole by Zn⁺⁺ moiety in ZnO. Kinetic studies revealed that the polymerization is first order with respect to ZnO and the monomer concentration respectively.     

超声波协同微波提取牛蒡籽油的工艺研究

优化超声波协同微波提取牛蒡籽油的工艺参数,并利用扫描电镜从微观角度解释了最佳得率的获得,最后和其他提取方法进行对比。结果表明：超声波协同微波提取牛蒡籽油最佳工艺参数为提取时间213s、微波功率303W、液料比10.1:1(ml/g),此时牛蒡籽油得率为19.334%;超声波的空化效应、机械效应和微波的热效应造成了生物细胞壁及整个生物体的断裂与破碎,这解释了超声波协同微波提取牛蒡籽油效率高的原因;与其他提取方法相比,超声波协同微波提取时间短、得率高。     

金相显微镜数字化照相系统

介绍了金相显微镜数字化照相系统的组成、系统的空间分辨率、标尺及放大倍数的标定方法。该系统不需暗室、方便、快速得到高质量金相照片。系统空间分辨率达71．39lp/mm。该系统得到的金相照片易于编辑和交流。     

Monolayers of amylose ester derivatives

Amphiphilic polymers of amylose tri(n-decanoate) (C10AS) and amylose tri(n-octadecanoate) (C18AS) were prepared and examined with respect to their ability to form monolayers at the air-water interface. The surface pressure-area isotherm of C10AS was found to have a plateau region, indicating a monolayer-to-bilayer transition, while the isotherm for C18AS had no such plateau. Transmission electron microscopic observations of the transferred films revealed that C10AS formed a homogeneous monolayer film at a particular point of the π-A isotherm, while C18AS gave no homogeneous film at any point of the isotherm. These results are different from those derived from the corresponding cellulose esters. The differences in the isotherms and fine structures of the transferred films are discussed in terms of the difference in chemical structure between amylose and cellulose.