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排序方式: 共有331条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
PCC载体氧化剂的制备及应用研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
制备得到各种有代表性的氯铬酸吡啶(PCC)无机载体氧化试剂,以苯甲醇选择性氧化成苯甲醛为探针反应,考察了载体、反应条件对氧化反应效率的影响,控制各载体氧化剂中PCC的负载量均为1.8 mmol/g。室温下反应,搅拌时间为30 m in,苯甲醇的氧化反应产率为:分子筛65.8%,活性炭75.4%,氧化铝94.6%,硅胶96.9%,相同条件下PCC的产率为65.8%。硅胶是制备负载PCC的优良载体,在载体氧化剂对苯甲醇的氧化反应中,一定范围内增加反应时间和载体加入量都可以提高氧化产率。 相似文献
2.
This article reports the effect of three cobalt carboxylates—cobalt stearate (CoSt3), cobalt palmitate (CoPal3), and cobalt laurate (CoLau3)—on the thermo‐oxidative degradation of low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) films prepared by sheeting process. The carboxylates were blended with LDPE in the concentration range of 0.05–0.2% (w/w). The degradation was monitored by techniques such as FTIR spectroscopy, change in the mechanical properties (tensile strength and elongation at break), viscometry, surface electron microscopy, melt flow index measurements, and apparent density measurements. Studies indicate that films containing these additives are highly susceptible to thermo‐oxidative degradation. Oxygen containing functionalities such as carbonyl and vinyl species are generated on the surface of polyethylene because of thermo‐oxidation, as indicated by FTIR studies. This oxidative process is accelerated in the presence of cobalt carboxylates. The degradation of LDPE was found to increase proportionally with concentration as well as with increasing chain length of the cobalt carboxylate, and follow the order CoSt3 > CoPal3 > CoLau3. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 3758–3765, 2007 相似文献
3.
The kinetics of the coupled internal oxidation of the two most-reactive components in the scaling of ternary alloys under oxidant pressures below the stability of the oxide of the most noble component are examined using a number of simplifying conditions which allow to develop an approximate analytical treatment. The precipitation of the two oxides may occur either at a single front or at two different fronts of internal oxidation. The former case corresponds to a unique solution for all the parameters involved in the process. On the contrary, the existence of two fronts of internal oxidation yields a finite range of possible solutions for the oxidation kinetics as well as for all the other relevant parameters. Even though the present treatment does not allow to predict which solution will be adopted by a real system, it is possible to set limits to the values of the parameters yielding physically-acceptable solutions. After considering a general case, the treatment is applied to a real system already examined experimentally. 相似文献
4.
The internal oxidation of the most-reactive component C of ternary A–B–C alloys by a single oxidant is examined assuming a gas-phase oxidant pressure below the stability of the oxides of the other two components. The precipitation of the most-stable oxide leaves behind a matrix composed of a binary alloy of the two less-reactive components, whose composition affects the solubility and diffusivity of the oxidant within the region of internal oxidation, with an effect on the reaction kinetics. Approximate relations between these properties are proposed and used to predict the kinetics of internal oxidation of C under the assumption of parabolic rate law. The results obtained for the ternary alloys are compared with the behavior of binary A–C and B–C alloys with the same C content. A new important factor in establishing the difference between the internal oxidation in ternary A–B–C alloys and in binary A–C and B–C alloys under a fixed gas-phase oxygen pressure and C content is the ratio between the concentrations of A and B in the bulk ternary alloy. 相似文献
5.
The conditions for the transition from internal to external oxidation of the most-reactive component C of ternary A–B–C alloys are examined, assuming the presence of external scales of the oxide of the component of intermediate reactivity B. For this, approximate expressions for the diffusion coefficient of oxygen and for the concentration of oxygen dissolved in the binary A–B alloy matrix within the zone of internal oxidation as functions of the composition of the metal matrix within the zone of internal oxidation are used. Numerical calculations of the critical content of C needed for this transition are carried out for different combinations of values of the various parameters involved. The results obtained for the ternary alloys are compared with the corresponding data calculated for the binary A–C and B–C alloys under oxygen pressures insufficient to oxidize the most-noble alloy component. This allows to predict the possibility of existence of a third-element effect under intermediate oxidant pressures. 相似文献
6.
过硼酸钠在有机合成中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
过硼酸钠(SPB)是一种安全、稳定、方便、价廉的理想氧化剂,本文综述了它对各类有机化合物的氧化反应。 相似文献
7.
天然栀子黄色素稳定性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以吸光度值变化为基础初步探讨氧化剂和抗氧化剂对栀子黄色素溶液稳定性的影响.结果表明,当氧化剂碘酸钾、溴酸钾与栀子黄色素溶液共存时,会引起栀子黄色素的氧化褪色.添加抗氧化剂抗坏血酸、异抗坏血酸钠,能够明显延缓色素的褪色.为在食品体系中更有效地使用天然栀子黄色素提供了依据. 相似文献
8.
9.
为消除淤泥中有机质对水泥固化淤泥的不利影响,提出了氧化降解有机质、减薄双电层厚度、维持pH值稳定等对策来提高水泥固化淤泥的强度。采用高铁酸钾和碳酸氢钠作为碱性氧化剂,配合水泥对淤泥进行固化处理。通过无侧限抗压强度试验,初步了解碱性氧化剂对水泥固化淤泥强度的影响规律,并利用有机元素试验、动电电位试验、比表面积试验和SEM等手段,进一步探究碱性氧化剂的固化机理。研究结果表明:掺碱性氧化剂的水泥固化淤泥7d无侧限抗压强度达到了1.536 MPa。碳酸氢钠通过中和有机酸,维持水泥固化淤泥为p H=9~10的碱性环境;该条件下,高铁酸钾能高效降解有机质,除去黏土颗粒表面聚合态的有机质胶膜,有利于SiO_2与Al_2O_3游离于孔隙溶液中,促进水泥水化产物的生成。同时,孔隙溶液中游离的高价阳离子与黏土颗粒表面低价阳离子交换吸附,减薄双电层厚度,引起土颗粒的絮凝团聚。 相似文献
10.
目前行业内普遍存在的问题是低钛含量的钛铁合金比较容易氧化,高钛含量的钛铁合金如70钛铁在熔片过程中难氧化,铂-金坩埚腐蚀情况较严重,所用氧化剂往往很难兼顾到氧化能力和迸溅控制水平。经试验,将硝酸钾、硼酸和无水碳酸钠按1∶1∶4的质量比配制,能完全氧化高钛含量的钛铁合金,同时可有效避免迸溅损失。选择7 g四硼酸锂粉末铺底,采用2 g四硼酸锂-偏硼酸锂-氟化锂混合熔剂(m∶m∶m=65∶25∶10)覆盖样品和氧化剂,可避免铂-金坩埚被腐蚀,进而实现了X射线荧光光谱法(XRF)对钛铁合金中钛、硅、锰、铝、磷和铜等主量元素的测定。低含量锰、磷和铜的检出限依次为31.2、16.8、25.5 μg/g。精密度考察结果表明,各元素测定结果的相对标准偏差(RSD)均不大于3.0%。采用实验方法对钛铁合金标准样品和实际样品进行测试,结果与认定值或化学湿法值一致。 相似文献