An engineering method for complex structural optimization involving both size and topology design variables

This work presents an engineering method for optimizing structures made of bars, beams, plates, or a combination of those components. Corresponding problems involve both continuous (size) and discrete (topology) variables. Using a branched multipoint approximate function, which involves such mixed variables, a series of sequential approximate problems are constructed to make the primal problem explicit. To solve the approximate problems, genetic algorithm (GA) is utilized to optimize discrete variables, and when calculating individual fitness values in GA, a second-level approximate problem only involving retained continuous variables is built to optimize continuous variables. The solution to the second-level approximate problem can be easily obtained with dual methods. Structural analyses are only needed before improving the branched approximate functions in the iteration cycles. The method aims at optimal design of discrete structures consisting of bars, beams, plates, or other components. Numerical examples are given to illustrate its effectiveness, including frame topology optimization, layout optimization of stiffeners modeled with beams or shells, concurrent layout optimization of beam and shell components, and an application in a microsatellite structure. Optimization results show that the number of structural analyses is dramatically decreased when compared with pure GA while even comparable to pure sizing optimization.     

Design for comfort and social interaction in future vehicles: A study on the leg space between facing-seats configuration

With the advent of future vehicles, passengers expect to travel in comfort, and the free leg space between facing-seats could be an issue due to the unsuitability for all people, according to their anthropometric variability. A previous investigation survey showed the need to increase the leg-space between facing seats and, if installed, to improve the surface of the table placed in between. So, four different distances between seat-pans front edges of facing seats have been set-up and tested (44 cm, 51 cm, 58 cm, 65 cm) with a table in between. 13 couples of participants with different heights took part to experiments. The aim was to investigate the relationship between facing-seat distances and passenger wellbeing in terms of postural comfort and social interaction. Postural comfort has been analysed through optical tracking (for postural angles overtime) and questionnaires (perceived comfort). Social interaction feelings have been investigated with questionnaires. Experiment results showed the suitable distance could be 51 cm keeping the same table surface; otherwise, the 65 cm one could be ideal changing the table surface.Relevance to industryWith the advent of autonomous driving, vehicle manufacturers and designers are working hard to define new paradigms of public transportation in terms of seat layout, passenger wellbeing and interiors’ design. This paper contributes to increasing the general knowledge on the effects of distance between facing seats on postural comfort and social interaction.     

8VSB芯片的层次式设计方法

提出了深亚微米下系统级芯片层次式版图设计的方法，并用该方法设计了HDTV信道解码芯片8VSB的版图。实例设计结果表明，该方法在节约面积、加速时序收敛方面效果明显，大大缩短了芯片设计周期。     

超声波强化原油破乳电脱盐技术的工业实践

报道了采用超声波强化原油破乳电脱盐技术的开发与工业应用.经过实验室开发确定的超声波强化原油破乳电脱盐专利技术--超声波-电场联合破乳脱盐组合技术采用顺逆流方式.该技术于2003年9月在齐鲁分公司完成工业应用试验后,超声波强化原油破乳设备直接投入生产运行,在不加入化学破乳剂的情况下,可使胜利混输原油(平均盐浓度为50 mg/L,平均水质量分数为0.5%～1.0%)脱后盐浓度低于3 mg/L,水质量分数小于0.3%.     

Organization and Management of Deep knowledge Resources for Product Innovation

Product innovation,for a truly strong solution,needs deep knowledge.Based on this point,the authors draw a conclusion that patents are the main resource of deep technique knowledge.There are five levels of newly organized patents.The main results of the studies on patents are various tech-nique effects.The database of effects is organized and managed according to the form of function-effect structure.     

大型往复式压缩机的配管设计

大型往复式压缩机功率大、占地面积大,管道振动问题也更为突出。笔者结合实践经验,对大型往复式压缩机的配管设计进行探讨,说明了平面布置与管道防振设计的密切关系,并介绍了管道防振设计的方法和步骤,以及相对简单的复杂管系气柱固有频率的转移矩阵计算方法。     

挖金湾矿近距离煤层联合布置开采可行性研究

提出挖金湾矿近距离煤层联合布置开采方案，并对开采方案的技术难点进行了分析，找出了解决方法。     

I/OIMAGESYSTEM微波中继应用

微波中继的应用非常广泛 ,目前在二维、三维施工中跨越障碍物时 ,一般都使用微波中继站来传输命令和数据。文章就微波中继及I/OIMAGESYSTEM“蛇形排列”先进功能的实际应用进行了详细的阐述 ,同时提出了使用微波中继站应注意的问题。     

马家河水电站的设计

马家河水电站通过在马家河和毛家河上游分别建底栏栅坝和低拱坝 ,经各自的引水系统将水引至两河口汇合流入前池发电。本文介绍了电站的开发方案 ,厂区、引水工程和取水枢纽的布置和设计