Sensitometric characteristics of an all‐solid‐state photoelectrochromic pixel for an electrochromic light‐addressable display

Abstract— An all solid‐state photoelectrochromic element (PECE) was developed on the basis of electrochromic layers of WO₃ and polyaniline with a layer of polymer electrolyte placed on a base of polyamidosulfoacid, in which a thin‐film CdS_xSe_1?x photoresistor was used as an electronic key. The dependence of the sensitometric characteristics of the PECE on the applied voltage was studied.     

Effect of catalyst type on the kinetics of the photoelectrochemical disinfection of water inoculated with E. coli

The rates of the photoelectrochemical disinfection of Escherichia coli at TiO₂ electrodes were measured as a function of concentration and applied potential. Two different TiO₂ photoelectrodes were used: a thermally treated titanium plate and a porous film prepared by a sol–gel hydrolysis technique. The kinetics of the disinfection process were found to depend upon the nature of the electrode material. For the thermal film they were first order, and half order for the sol–gel film. It was also found that the catalytic activity per unit surface area of catalyst is many orders of magnitude greater than that observed using TiO₂ slurries; this was attributed to the reduced rate of electron-hole recombination afforded by the application of a small potential bias (1 V vs Ag/AgCl), and hence the exploitation of the electric field enhancement (EFE) effect.     

模拟水中硫离子对不锈钢钝化膜破坏作用的光电化学研究

采用光电化学方法研究了模拟冷却水中硫离子对不锈钢钝化膜的破坏作用.结果表明,不锈钢钝化膜显示n-型光响应,最大吸收峰出现在310 nm处.不锈钢钝化膜在电位约-0.35 V开始出现光电流,随电位升高,光电流增大.钝化膜禁带宽度Eg随电位的升高而减小,并逐渐向铁氧化物的Eg靠近.模拟冷却水中加入硫离子使不锈钢钝化膜的光电流增大,Eg减小.硫离子的浓度越大,测得的光电流越大,而Eg越小,这可归因于钝化膜膜电阻的降低及钝化膜中氧化铬含量的减少.     

Energy conversion at liquid/liquid interfaces: artificial photosynthetic systems

This chapter focuses on multielectron reactions in organized assemblies of molecules at the liquid/liquid interface. We describe the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of such reactions, including the structure of the reaction centers, charge movement along the electron transfer pathways, and the role of electric double layers in artificial photosynthesis. Some examples of artificial photosynthesis at the oil/water interface are considered, including water photooxidation to the molecular oxygen, oxygen photoreduction, photosynthesis of amphiphilic compounds and proton evolution by photochemical processes.     

纳米Cu2O/TiO2 异质结薄膜电极的制备和表征

通过阴极还原在纳米TiO2膜上电沉积Cu2O，获得了p-Cu2O／n-TiO2异质结电极．研究了沉积温度对Cu2O膜厚、纯度和形貌的影响，制备出纯度较高、粒径为40-50nm的Cu2O薄膜．纳米Cu2O膜在200℃烧结后透光性最好，禁带宽度为2．06eV．光电化学测试表明纳米p-Cu2O／n-TiO2异质结电极呈现较强的n-型光电流响应并且能够提高光电转换效率．     

聚吡咯敏化纳米结构TiO2电极的光电化学研究

在NaNO3和吡咯单体的混合溶液中电合成聚吡咯膜,用PPy膜敏化TiO20纳米结构电极,取得了明显的敏化效果;探讨了合成聚吡咯膜时的条件(温度、时间、NO3浓度等)对敏化结果的影响;比较了在对甲苯磺酸根离子中与在NO3^-中合成PPy膜所产生的敏化效果,表明阴离子的类型和性质对敏化效果有很大影响;初步探讨了PPy膜对TiO2纳米结构电极产生敏化作用的机理。     

Hierarchical Nanowire Arrays Based on ZnO Core−Layered Double Hydroxide Shell for Largely Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Well‐aligned hierarchical nanoarrays containing ZnO core and layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanoplatelets shell have been synthesized via a facile electrosynthesis method. The resulting ZnO@CoNi–LDH core?shell nanoarray exhibits promising behavior in photoelectrochemical water splitting, giving rise to a largely enhanced photocurrent density as well as stability; much superior to those of ZnO‐based photoelectrodes. This is attributed to the successful integration of photogenerated electron–hole separation originating from the ZnO core and the excellent electrocatalytic activity of LDH shell. This work provides a facile and cost‐effective strategy for the fabrication of multifunctional nanoarrays with a hierarchical structure, which can be potentially used in energy storage and conversion devices.     

P3HT及CTCHT修饰纳米TiO2的光电性能研究

用光电流作用谱、光电流-电势图等光电化学方法研究了聚3-己基噻吩(P3HT)及3-己基噻吩和2-噻吩甲酸共聚物(CTCHT)修饰纳米结构TiO2电极的光电转换性质。结果表明,经修饰后的纳米TiO2电极光电流明显增强,光电转换效率得到明显提高。在复合膜电极中存在p-n异质结,异质结的存在有利于光生电子-空穴对的分离,降低了电荷的反向复合几率,提高了光电转换效率。     

聚3-甲基噻吩修饰CdSe纳米棒复合膜电极光电化学性能研究

采用水热法制备了具有闪锌矿和纤维锌矿结构的CdSe纳米棒,纳米棒直径约100 nm,长度约300nm。当电极电势为-0.7 V时聚3-甲基噻吩(PMeT)修饰CdSe纳米棒有最大光电流。CdSe纳米棒/PMeT中存在p-n异质结,p-n异质结存在使得CdSe纳米棒/PMeT复合膜电极在长波区光电流高于CdSe纳米棒薄膜电极光电流。