Design of bare and ducted axial marine current turbines

To convert the kinetic energy of marine current into electricity, the most sensible generator is a horizontal axis turbine. The know-how and the tools used for marine propulsion devices find a new range of applications in this field. An academic panel method code developed for the design of bare and ducted marine propellers was applied to design a marine current turbine. The turbine dimension and the tidal current velocity have been taken to fit the conditions in the Race of Alderney. The wing section theory and the optimum rotor theory based on the blade element momentum were used to obtain the design condition and a first geometry approaching the Betz limit for a bare rotor. The panel method was then used to verify the power coefficient obtained in the presence of the 3D effects and if the cavitation constraints are respected. Subsequently, the same panel code was used to verify if the addition of a duct could improve the power output per unit surface.     

螺旋浆的单站RCS分析

螺旋浆是以螺旋浆发动机提供动力的飞机的主要散射源，螺旋浆的雷达截面积（RCS）分析是识别这类目标的基础。为简单起见，文中把螺旋浆简化成由金属叶片组成的近似螺旋浆模型。用物理光学法（PO）结合等效电磁流法（EMC）对旋转螺旋浆的回波进行了分析和计算，并计算了其雷达截面积，最后分析了其雷达截面积的特点。     

电解铝用阳极钢爪浸蘸石墨模式的新探索

针对电解铝用阳极钢爪浸蘸石墨传统模式存在的不足,进行分析、探索和改进,研发了新的模式,解决了石墨粉不能均匀涂在钢爪表面的问题,对降低磷铁压降、利于钢爪与磷铁分离以及保护钢爪不受铁水侵蚀起到非常重要的作用.     

小型轻便式流速仪检定系统设计

为满足FP系列流速仪的计量检定需求,提出了一种小型便携式流速仪检定系统的设计方案;根据匀速运动时间等约束条件确定了环形水槽的几何参数;采用FPGA和上位机作为数据处理和控制核心,实现了对伺服电机转速的精确控制;设计了光电编码器和无线摄像机与上位机之间的通信方式,实现了检定装置标准流速值和被检仪器示值的数据读取;对测试数据的处理方法和测控软件的结构框架进行了分析;同时,对实验装置的测量误差进行了分析;结果表明,标准流速值的扩展不确定度为1.28×10-3m/s,检定装置符合量值传递要求,可作为FP系列流速仪计量检定的标准装置。     

Loon Copter: Implementation of a hybrid unmanned aquatic–aerial quadcopter with active buoyancy control

Aquatic–aerial unmanned vehicles recently became the focus of many researchers due to their various possible applications. Achieving a fully operational vehicle that is capable of aerial, water‐surface, and underwater operations is a significant challenge considering the vehicle's air–water–air transition, propulsion system, and stability underwater. We present in this paper an unconventional unmanned hybrid aquatic–aerial quadcopter with active buoyancy control that is capable of aerial flight and water‐surface operation, as well as subaquatic diving. We report on the first successful prototype of the vehicle, named the Loon Copter, to provide initial evaluation results of its performance in both mediums. The Loon Copter uses a single set of motors and propellers for both air and underwater maneuvering. It utilizes a ballast system to control vehicle buoyancy and depth underwater, as well as to perform seamless air‐to‐water and water‐to‐air transitions. A closed loop control algorithm is utilized for the vehicle's aerial and water‐surface stability and maneuver, whereas an open loop control algorithm is used for underwater maneuver. The experimental results show a fully operational prototype with six degrees of freedom underwater, stable flight, operation capabilities on water surface, and agile maneuvering underwater.     

Preliminary results on acoustic modelling of cavitating propellers

The numerical prediction of the acoustic pressure field induced by cavitating marine propellers is addressed. A hydrodynamic model for transient sheet cavitation on propellers in non–uniform inviscid flow is coupled with a hydroacoustic model based on the Ffowcs Williams–Hawkings equation. The proposed hydroacoustic approach, novel to marine applications, allows to split the noise signature into thickness and loading term contributions. Both hydrodynamic and hydroacoustic model equations are solved via boundary integral formulations. Numerical predictions of the propeller noise by using the Ffowcs Williams–Hawkings equation are compared to those obtained by a classical Bernoulli equation approach. The influence of cavitation on the noise waveforms is discussed by comparing non–cavitating and cavitating propeller flow results. The authors wish to thank Prof. S.A. Kinnas for providing a detailed documentation of the experiment used as the test case in the present analysis. The present work was supported by the Ministero dei Trasporti e della Navigazione in the frame of INSEAN Research Program 2000–02.     

Counter-Rotating Type Tidal Stream Power Unit Moored by Only One Cable

The authors have proposed that a counter-rotating type tidal stream power unit mounted rigidly on a pile, and outputs of the power unit and forces acting on the pile were investigated experimentally at a previous paper, A single propeller makes the pile undertake a reaction force orthogonal to the stream direction. On the contrary, proposed counter-rotating propellers do not require undertaking the reaction force of the pile, because the rotational torque is counter-balanced in the unit. This advantage means that the unit can be moored by only one cable. Continuously, this paper proposes such a power unit with tandem propellers, and experimentally investigates a behavior of the unit floating in a water channel. The vibrations of the power unit are induced from not only the individual but also the interacting rotations of the front and the rear propellers.     

基于UG12.0的螺旋桨叶片五轴加工之铣削策略探讨

为优质高效的加工螺旋桨,本文分析了螺旋桨叶片加工的难点,通过选择五轴联动加工方式,并基于UG12.0对比了不同铣削策略,得到了优化的刀轨,确定了工艺方案,经生产实践证明,加工工艺正确可行。     

螺旋桨桨叶叶面加工过程中加工量的计算

根据螺旋桨桨叶曲面加工精度和公差的要求，编制了计算机辅助工艺生成程序，求取了桨叶加工过程的最小打磨量，从而既保证了质量又大大提高了加工过程的效率。