液闪效率示踪法校正效果的评价

本文评价了Aloka商品液闪仪效率示踪法dpm校正的效果。轻,中度猝灭校正效果理想,具有简便、实用和适用性广泛的特点。严重化学和颜色猝灭样品的校正结果分别随猝灭增加而向增大和减小的方向偏离,形成喇叭状曲线,文中对这一现象给出初步解释。     

软β核素内部样品塑料闪烁探测器

本文评价了塑料闪烁片用作软β核素探测器时的计数效率、β谱、本底谱和康普顿电子谱的特征。文中强调:采用胶合光导剂构成的系统是一种新型探测器(软β核素内部样品塑料闪烁探测器)。本文提出内部样品固体探测器、胶合光导剂和胶合闪烁光导剂的新概念。     

核材料检测仪的研制

在原来只适于检测(射线的苯基塑料闪烁体上涂以ZnS薄层，使之对γ射线也有很高的灵敏度。根据光电转换原理，采用PC为主控，并用单片机作为数据预处理器，通过标准串口通讯，构成硬件冗余模式；另外，将传统的直通道设计成直角形，使之既能检测金属容器，又能识别强放射性物质；同时，在出口端加装了限速／位阻拦装置，从而解决了γ射线-金属双重识别，反辐射屏蔽和防高速闯关等难题，大大提高了检测系统的可靠性。PC的数据库操作和远程通信等功能使得本仪器能满足现代高端应用的要求。实测表明，本仪器灵敏度高，可靠性好。对应于3mg的U^235仪器报警响应时间小于0．6s，而拦截动作响应时间不大于2s。     

湍流大气中光波闪烁的计算及实验测量比较

采用修正Rytov方法和近似理论计算了球面波在湍流大气中传播的闪烁指数，并与实验结果进行了比较，发现在弱起伏和中等湍流起伏区修正Rytov解与实验结果符合得良好，而在饱和区采用考虑内尺度效应下的近似理论结果更符合实验结果。     

近地空间通信中的大气闪烁影响分析

利用单艇低仰角低空飞行试验测试数据,验证了Van de Kamp大气闪烁衰减估计模型在低仰角传输链路中的可行性和有效性,并基于该模型和低仰角低空测试数据反演得到近地空间数据估计值,对工作频率、轨道高度以及环境湿度等影响大气闪烁的因素进行计算与仿真,为低仰角近地空间远距离通信的链路预算提供了参考依据。     

LYSO∶Ce纳米粉体的溶胶-共沉淀法制备及其发光性能

采用溶胶-共沉淀法,分别以NH_3·H_2O和NH_4HCO_3为沉淀剂,制备了Lu2(1-x-y)Y2xSiO5∶yCe~(3+)(LYSO∶Ce)纳米粉体。采用XRD、SEM和荧光光谱测试手段对样品进行分析,讨论了沉淀剂、煅烧温度、Y~(3+)掺杂比例对粉体晶相的影响,分析了Ce~(3+)含量和Y~(3+)含量对样品发光性能的影响。结果表明,以NH_4HCO_3为沉淀剂,在煅烧温度为1300℃下,Ce~(3+)含量为0.01,Y~(3+)含量为0.05时LYSO∶Ce样品发光性能最好,并且样品的发光强度高于Lu_2SiO_5∶Ce样品,粉体粒度分布均匀、纯度高、分散性好,粒径在100nm~200nm范围。     

Exploring a Stable and Dense 3D Lead Chloride Hybrid with Emission of Self-Trapped Excitons toward X-Ray Scintillation

The exceptional photophysical properties of 3D organic–inorganic lead halide hybrids (OILHs) endow their significant potential for usage in optoelectronics, which has sparked intense research on novel 3D OILHs and associated applications. However, constructing new 3D OILHs based on large organic cations suffers from tough challenges due to the limitation of the Goldschmidt tolerance factor rule, let alone further explorations of their practical applications. Herein, a brand-new 3D lead chloride hybrid, (1MPZ)Pb₄Cl₁₀·H₂O ( 1 , 1MPZ = 1-methylpiperazine) is reported, featuring a dense 3D lead chloride framework made of the corner-, edge-, and face-shared lead chloride polyhedra. 1 presents a broadband white light emission with a large Stokes shift and a nanosecond photoluminescence lifetime, which originates from radiative recombination of self-trapped excitons (STEs) induced by the highly distorted structure. Such a reabsorption-free and fast-decayed STEs emission coupling with the dense 3D architecture further enables 1 with effective X-ray scintillation with good sensitivity. Impressively, 1 also shows superior environmental and radiation stability. This study provides a new 3D OILH with appealing luminescence, not only expanding the 3D OILH family but also inspiring the exploitation of their optoelectronic applications.     

Determination of Linear Attenuation Coefficients of Materials by Using Timing Method

Abstract

In this work, gamma-ray linear attenuation coefficients of aluminum (Al) and lead (Pb) materials were determined by using timing method. The used setup is different from the conventional ones. The goal of the presented setup is the fact that it is used the timing technique. The detection system is composed of a 3″ × 3″ NaI(Tl) inorganic scintillation detector and related equipment together with ¹³⁷Cs and ⁶⁰Co radioactive sources. Obtained results are in good agreement with each other.     

Rytov近似法在闪烁效应中的应用与改进

利用Rytov近似法和湍流大气中高斯波束的传输理论,针对湍流大气中水平传输的主动探测激光,建立了其单程传输到达目标端接收平面的闪烁指数模型,对模型进行改进使其适用于强湍流的大气条件,并对数值仿真的结果进行实验验证。结果表明,改进后的模型更符合实际传输情况,传输距离、湍流强度等因素都会影响闪烁指数的变化,数值模拟与实验测量的结果在变化趋势上有较好的吻合。但由于系统本地噪声、探测器散粒噪声和背景噪声等随机因素的存在,使实测结果略大于数值模拟结果。     

Prediction method for October 2003 solar storm

Aiming at two intense shock events on October 28 and 29, 2003, this paper presents a two-step method, which combines synoptic analysis of space weather ——“observing” and quantitative prediction ——“palpating”, and then uses it to test predictions. In the first step of “observing”, on the basis of observations of the solar source surface magnetic field, interplanetary scintillation (IPS) and ACE spacecraft, we find that the propagation of the shocks is asymmetric relative to the normal direction of their solar sources, and the Earth is located near the direction of the fastest speed and the greatest energy of the shocks. As the two fast ejection shock events, the fast explosion of coronal mass of the extremely high temperature, the strong magnetic field, and the high speed background solar wind are also helpful to their rapid propagation. In the second step of “palpating”, we adopt a new membership function of the fast shock events for the ISF method. The predicted results show that for the onset time of the geomagnetic disturbance, the relative errors between the observational and the predicted results are 1.8% and 6.7%; and for the magnetic disturbance magnitude, the relative errors are 4.1% and 3.1%, re- spectively. Furthermore, the comparison among the predicted results of our two-step method with those of five other prevailing methods shows that the two-step method is advantageous. The results tell us that understanding the physical features of shock propagation thoroughly is of great importance in improving the prediction precision.