火焰图像特征在火灾数字图像识别中的运用

火焰尖角数目和圆形度是早期火灾火焰的主要特征,本文主要论述了如何在数学形态学基础上,利用火灾火焰的两个特点判断和识别早期火情。实验中,对火焰的二值图像进行开运算,即先腐蚀,再膨胀,目的是为了对火焰图像进行形态学滤波,去噪。从实验结果可以看出,该算法可以很好的识别火焰和干扰源。     

A hybrid extended finite element/level set method for modeling phase transformations

A hybrid numerical method for modelling the evolution of sharp phase interfaces on fixed grids is presented. We focus attention on two‐dimensional solidification problems, where the temperature field evolves according to classical heat conduction in two subdomains separated by a moving freezing front. The enrichment strategies of the eXtended Finite Element Method (X‐FEM) are employed to represent the jump in the temperature gradient that governs the velocity of the phase boundary. A new approach with the X‐FEM is suggested for this class of problems whereby the partition of unity is constructed with C¹(Ω) polynomials and enriched with a C⁰(Ω) function. This approach leads to jumps in temperature gradient occurring only at the phase boundary, and is shown to significantly improve estimates for the front velocity. Temporal derivatives of the temperature field in the vicinity of the phase front are obtained with a projection that employs discontinuous enrichment. In conjunction with a finer finite difference grid, the Level Set method is used to represent the evolution of the phase interface. An iterative procedure is adopted to satisfy the constraints on the temperature field on the phase boundary. The robustness and utility of the method is demonstrated with several benchmark problems of phase transformation. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

较小半径溢洪弯道急流超高的研究

为了探求急流弯道的超高及其相关的影响因素,通过对较小半径弯道急流的水流现象的描述,指出较小半径弯道凹岸水流受惯性离心力和冲击力的共同作用。在此基础上,利用动量原理,推导出了较小半径弯道水流超高公式,与试验资料对比,该理论的合理性得到了证实。还讨论了弯道水流各因素同超高的关系,结果表明,弯道的超高和宽度几乎成正比,弯道的转角影响超高很大,当弯道半径越小,其超高将增加越快。     

高选择性陷波超宽带天线设计

The resonant properties of the interdigital capacitance loading loop resonator (IDCLLR) and its dual counterpart complimentary interdigital capacitance loading loop resonator (CIDCLLR) are studied. Due to the high capacitance/inductance of the IDCLLR/CIDCLLR, the resonators can generate lower resonant frequencies and narrower resonant bandwidths than many other structures. A compact ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with quadruple sharp band-notching characteristics is presented by utilizing IDCLLRs and CIDCLLRs. Measured results show that the proposed antenna has a wide bandwidth from 3 to 11GHz(VSWR<2), with four sharp notched bands centered on 3.5, 5.2, 5.8 and 7.5GHz, respectively, avoiding the elimination of many useful frequencies. Moreover, the presence of IDCLLRs and CIDCLLRs scarcely affects the performance of the UWB antenna at its operating frequencies.     

一种低副瓣锐截止波束赋形阵列天线设计

采用联合DFP和BFGS变尺度,结合全局寻优算法,通过优化阵列各单元馈电幅度和相位分布,设计了一种满足低副瓣锐截止波束赋形要求的阵列天线.该阵列由26个印刷振子单元天线组成,各单元馈电电路采用带状线环形桥.馈电电路网络采用带状线结构,整个馈电网络和印刷天线采用一体化设计,具有插入损耗小,结构紧凑的特点.实测表明,3dB波束宽度为11°,水平面锐截止为5.83dB/(°),副瓣低于-20dB.天线设计满足指标要求,并已获得应用.     

汽车空心齿轮轴台架疲劳断裂原因分析

通过光学显微镜、显微硬度计和扫描电镜对一种新型空心齿轮轴台架疲劳断裂行为进行分析。结果表明,空心齿轮轴在过渡弧位置断裂。零件材料的化学成分、奥氏体晶粒度、非金属夹杂物均满足设计要求,但有效渗碳层深度偏设计要求下限。计算结果表明,空心齿轮轴过渡弧半径应大于3.16 mm,较小的过渡弧半径加剧渗碳过程中的“尖角效应”,导致过渡弧处碳化物粗大并引起应力集中,这可能是疲劳寿命较低的原因之一。CAE软件模拟结果表明,过渡弧处存在明显的应力集中现象,表面最大应力超过零件表面的许用应力,这可能是空心齿轮轴失效的另一个原因。零件表面最大应力随空心尺寸的增加而增加,最大空心尺寸应小于Ø17.1 mm。     

利用曲率信息的图像分割改进模型

首先从理论上分析无须重新初始化的水平集方法的主动轮廓图像分割模型,该模型对一些具有不光滑尖角的图像进行分割时,捕捉这些尖角往往不精确甚至失败;然后对利用边缘检测函数的曲率信息识别出凸尖角并进行分割的方法进行研究,由于此方法没有考虑凹尖角的情形,故对含凹尖角的图像分割效果不理想。为解决该问题,提出利用图像的曲率信息识别出凹尖角,再将其与利用边缘检测函数曲率信息识别凸尖角的方法相结合,进一步修正边缘检测函数,达到准确捕捉物体的凸尖角和凹尖角的目的,保证了分割的准确性。数值实验表明,该方法的分割效果较好。     

无码间串扰传输特性动态仿真分析与研究

码间串扰和信道噪声是影响基带传输系统性能的两个主要因素。因此,如何消除它们的影响,使系统的误码率达到规定的要求是数字基带系统中必须研究的两个问题。奈奎斯特第一准则为消除码间串扰奠定了理论基础。本文将以此为依据,通过使用Systemview和MATLAB软件实现对基带传输系统的仿真,并根据所得图形从消除码间串扰的角度来定性地分析无码间串扰系统函数的传输特性。实验中所得结果将对我们的理解和实践均有一定的指导作用。     

Ultraefficient Non-Doped Deep Blue Fluorescent OLED: Achieving a High EQE of 10.17% at 1000 cd m−2 with CIEy<0.08

The pursuit for efficient deep blue material is an ever-increasing issue in organic optoelectronics field. It is a long-standing challenge to achieve high external quantum efficiency (EQE) exceed 10% at brightness of 1000 cd m⁻² with a Commission International de L'Eclairage (CIE_y) <0.08 in non-doped organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Herein, this study reports a deep blue luminogen, PPITPh, by bonding phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazole moiety with m-terphenyl group via benzene bridge. The non-doped OLED based on PPITPh exhibits an exceptionally high EQE of 11.83% with a CIE coordinate of (0.15, 0.07). The EQE still maintains 10.17% at the brightness of 1000 cd m⁻², and even at a brightness as high as 10000 cd m⁻², an EQE of 7.5% is still remained, representing the record-high result among non-doped deep-blue OLEDs at 1000 cd m⁻². The unprecedented device performance is attributed to the reversed intersystem crossing process through hot exciton mechanism. Besides, the maximum EQE of orange phosphorescent OLED with PPITPh as host is 32.02%, and remains 31.17% at the brightness of 1000 cd m⁻². Such minimal efficiency roll-off demonstrates that PPITPh is also an excellent phosphorescent host material. The result offers a new design strategy for the enrichment of high-efficiency deep blue luminogen.     

突出尖锐边界的高密度电阻率反演方法

在高密度电法等工程地球物理实践中,往往采用传统的如最小二乘等光滑反演手段,对其它反演方法及先验信息的利用考虑得较少.本文针对地下电性异常存在尖锐边界的地质体,将传统最小二乘光滑反演和不常用的迭代重加权尖锐反演结果进行了对比分析,通过针对性模型试验和实际资料处理,证明在解决该类地质问题时通过采用合理的反演手段和方法,可达到增加反演精度,突出电性目标和便于地质解释的目的.