水资源综合管理决策支持系统开发及应用

通过标准化建模、水资源规划与实时管理一体化设计、两层与三层供水体系一体化处理、区域或流域水资源配置模式选择等技术实现系统的通用性;围绕水资源配置的基本问题,采取问题导向型设计,保障系统的多功能性;基于水资源系统基本元素、模型结构与计算码、拓扑关系分离,提升系统的可扩充性;通过友好型界面设计、便捷化操作、可视化配置、情景模拟等技术研发实现系统的实用性。将开发的水资源决策支持系统运用在江苏沿海围垦区水资源综合管理中,结果表明系统实用、可靠,应用效果较好。     

Pi演算对图灵机的表达

为了研究Pi演算的表达能力,我们试着用它来表达图灵机。研究结果表明,只要对Pi演算进行一定的的扩展,即引入某些函数符号,允许对发送的名字作一定的运算,就可以用Pi演算的规约来表达图灵机的运算过程。     

One-Component Artificial Gustatory System Based on Hydrogen-Bond Organic Framework for Discrimination of Versatile Analytes

Hydrogen-bond organic frameworks (HOFs) with excellent structural and luminescent properties have emerged as a promising material for the construction of fluorescence sensors. However, designing a facile, universal and high throughput sensor with multiplex detection capacity still remains challenging. Herein, a one-component sensor array is constructed that mimics natural gustatory system for accurate and high-throughput discrimination and identification of versatile analytes. HOF as a single sensing element greatly simplifies the probe preparation in sensor array and detection procedure. Metal ions, proteins and bacteria as the model targets are rapid and accurately discriminated, presenting the universality of the system. Particularly, the system is successfully used for the classification of antibiotic mechanisms. The study expands the application scope of HOFs and provides a facile and universal system for sensing applications.     

干部思想政治教育接受主体共性与个性探析

领导干部是干部思想政治教育的接受主体,政治指向性、人格自觉性、组织原则性是干部群体接受的共性。干部个体受道德意识、前知结构、心理素质、思维方式等因素影响产生的差异,构成了相对连贯和稳定的接受个性,直接影响思想政治教育的接受成效。     

CAPTCHA技术研究综述

全自动开放式人机区分图灵测试(completely automated public Turing test to tell computers and humans apart,CAPTCHA)又称为人机交互验证(human interactive proof,HIP),它能自动产生并评估一个测试,这个测试能被几乎所有人类用户通过,而现有的计算机程序不能通过.CAPTCHA提供了一种自动驱分人和机器的手段,已成为一种标准的网络安全技术成功应用于包括Google,Yahoo!以及微软在内的各大网站.CAPTCHA设计基于人工智能领域的开放性问题,按表现载体和内容不同分为文本、图像、声音3种类型,其中,基于字符识别的文本CAPTCHA已得到广泛使用;图像CAPTCHA利用计算机视觉中的难解问题,目前尚处于研究阶段;声音CAPTCHA针对视觉残障者,是对前两种视觉CAPTCHA的补充.介绍了CAPTCHA的发展和设计准则,详细阐述CAPTCHA设计和破解的研究工作及最新进展,给出典型实例,讨论其可用性和安全性,最后指出未来CAPTCHA技术的发展方向和亟待解决的问题.     

Universality in ant behaviour

Prediction for social systems is a major challenge. Universality at the social level has inspired a unified theory for urban living but individual variation makes predicting relationships within societies difficult. Here, we show that in ant societies individual average speed is higher when event duration is longer. Expressed as a single scaling function, this relationship is universal because for any event duration an ant, on average, moves at the corresponding average speed except for a short acceleration and deceleration at the beginning and end. This establishes cause and effect within a social system and may inform engineering and control of artificial ones.     

汽车底盘技术在HGY-1500型钻机中的应用

在HGY-1500型钻机的设计中应用汽车底盘技术，选用汽车变速器、离合器等零部件；钻机分动箱采用斜齿圆柱齿轮传动，使用接合套式换挡装置进行换挡，提高了钻机工作的可靠性，降低了生产成本，减轻了钻机质量，操作轻松、方便。     

基于分层着色Petri网的增强现实装配系统建模

为弥补场景图在增强现实装配应用中的不足,提出一种将层次着色Petri网与图灵机模型结合的方法,建立了增强现实装配环境系统模型。该模型借鉴图灵机的思想,以虚拟手的手势代号及位姿矩阵作为输入,输出具体操作事件更新场景图,记录系统的当前内部状态并根据用户输入给出下一步的操作响应。相对于单一的碰撞检测方法,该方法能更好地满足增强现实装配系统的动态实时响应等性能要求。开发建立了该模型的原型系统,并通过网络状态生成图分析验证了模型实时响应的能力。     

无重叠生成文法的一义可解析性及图林等价性

为了实现有效的文法解析，定义了一种生成规则受限的短语结构文法，称为无重叠生成文法。证明了该类文法的任何语言句子都可以被无回朔无失败地解析。尽管该类文法的生成规则受到很大的限制．但这种文法的生成能力仍然和图灵机等同。     

Does Classicism Explain Universality?

One of the hallmarks of human cognition is the capacity to generalize over arbitrary constituents. Recently, Marcus (1998, 1998a, b; Cognition 66, p. 153; Cognitive Psychology 37, p. 243) argued that this capacity, called universal generalization (universality), is not supported by Connectionist models. Instead, universality is best explained by Classical symbol systems, with Connectionism as its implementation. Here it is argued that universality is also a problem for Classicism in that the syntax-sensitive rules that are supposed to provide causal explanations of mental processes are either too strict, precluding possible generalizations; or too lax, providing no information as to the appropriate alternative. Consequently, universality is not explained by a Classical theory.