炭膜

炭膜是由炭构成的膜状物质,也可以说,具有不同杂化轨道形成的碳所组成的膜体.按其制法、结构、性能和用途分类,它又可细分为热解炭膜、四配位非晶炭膜、纳米管炭膜、玻璃状炭膜、无定形炭膜、高结晶度石墨炭膜;机械用炭膜、分离用炭膜、工具领域用金刚石炭膜、为消除静电堆积用晶须炭膜等.     

一种制备插层和无定形高岭土的新方法

利用甲醇钠强烈的夺氢作用 ,介绍了一种制备插层和无定形高岭土的方法。利用XRD为主要检测手段研究了甲醇钠的质量分数、反应温度等因素对反应的影响。结果表明 :在反应温度较低、质量分数较低的甲醇钠溶液中 ,高岭土容易被插层而膨胀 ,反之高岭土的层状结构被破坏而无定形化。红外光谱分析进一步证明了插层和无定形高岭土结构的变化     

无定形石墨砂特性及其在铸造中的应用

介绍了石墨砂的热物性参数和基本特性，综述了无定形石墨砂在镁、铝、铜合金以及铸铁和铸钢的铸造中的应用效果。     

微米级P-Si@a-TiO2负极材料的制备及电化学性能

以微米级Al-Si合金粉为原料,采用去合金法和溶胶-凝胶法制备了无定形TiO2包覆珊瑚状多孔Si结构的复合材料(记为P-Si@a-TiO2),通过XRD、XPS、SEM和TEM对复合材料的结构和形貌进行了表征,分析并揭示了TiO2层的制备机理及包覆层厚度对复合材料电化学性能的影响.结果表明,珊瑚状多孔Si结构和适当厚度的包覆层可以有效缓冲材料的体积膨胀,提高电极的循环稳定性.当TiO2包覆层约为10 nm时,对材料的改性效果最佳.此时的P-Si@a-TiO2的电极电势差仅为0.321 V,在1.0 A/g电流密度下循环50次后具有1357.4 mA·h/g的放电比容量,展现出优越的电化学性能.     

非金属矿加工专利文摘(国外)

含硼的无定形二氧化硅颗粒，牙粉用碳酸钙，氧化钙产品及其制造，热固性无机粘土纳米物质及其应用，漂白土的生产     

一种无定形脱硫剂的制备方法

一种常温无定形脱硫剂的制备方法。其特征是采用一种天然的富含铁、锰、铜、锌等多种金属共生的锰矿粉为主要成分，经粉碎磨细后添加一定量的脱硫助剂和水，与纤维物质均匀混合制备而成。按照该发明制备的脱硫剂具有硫容高、活性好、不板结、价廉易制备等优点。可广泛用于目前箱式或塔式常温(0～40℃)气体干法脱除H2S的工艺，可以替代现用的沼铁矿、氧化铁屑、     

Electrocatalytic properties of Ni-S-Co coating electrode for hydrogen evolution in alkaline medium

Amorphous Ni-S-Co alloy was prepared by means of chemical electro-deposition method on the foam nickel matrix. The surface morphology and microstructure of Ni-S-Co coatings were studied usmg SEM and XRD, and the electrochemical properties were tested by electrochemical methods. The results show that the coating has amorphous structure and the particles of the surface are fine with large specific surface area. The Ni-S-Co alloy is more active with lower potential for hydrogen evolution, higher exchange current density and lower activation energy compared with Ni and Ni-S electrode. Its hydrogen evolution reaction（HER） is enhanced, the size of particles of surface decreases and the surface area increases after being activated by KOH alkaline solution.     

Crystallization and microstructure evolution of amorphous Al85Y4Nd4Ni7 alloy

The mixture model of Al85Y4Nd4Ni7 alloy in which a partially crystallized amorphous alloy is regarded as a nanocomposite of an Al nanoparticle and a remaining amorphous matrix is presented. Its evolution in the process of crystallization has been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Mainly amorphous structure with α-Al nanocrystals embedded in the amorphous matrix has been revealed by melt spining the alloy. Crystallization is showed to occur in three stages: (I) crystallization of amorphous alloy and formation of A1NiY, A1NdNi and unknown crystalline phases, (2) formation of Al3Y and Al3Nd, and (3) formation of Al3Ni.     

Amorphization and magnetic properties of Fe62Nb38 mechanically alloyed powders

The amorphization and magnetic properties of Fe62Nb38 mechanically alloyed powders were investigated. In the initial mechanical alloying processes, the lattice structure of pure Fe is destroyed due to the cold-welding and fracturing, accompanying the reduction of ferromagnetic properties. The Ms value of Fe62Nb38 powders with ball-milling time t=6 h is only 48.1 A.m^2/kg. With prolongating of mechanical alloying processes, a solid state amorphization reaction (SSAR) takes place and the Fe-Nb ferromagnetic amorphous phase is formed. With the milling time increasing from 6 to 18 h, the saturation magnetization of Fe62Nb38 powders increases with enhancement of the proportion of ferromagnetic amorphous phase in milled powders. The Ms value of the Fe62Nb38 amorphous powders is 98 A.m^2/kg, which is very close to the value estimated from dilute model. However, the Curie temperature of the Fe62Nb38 amorphous phase is only 206℃, which is much smaller than that of the pure Fe. This implies that the exchange interaction between Fe atoms in amorphous alloyed Fe62Nb38 becomes weak due to the Nb dilution. Investigation shows that the variation of magnetic properties of milled powders is one of important tools for describing the amorphization by mechanical alloying.