A study on coatability of marble dust on metal substrates

Marble dust is a hazardous construction/industrial waste generated during the extraction, cutting and polishing of marble-producing rocks. The present work explores the potential of marble dust to be used as a coating material on metal substrates. For this, the high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) spraying route is adopted to deposit marble dust coatings on four different metallic substrates: mild steel, inconel, aluminum, and copper. Liquefied petroleum gas is used as the fuel and nitrogen as the carrier gas while the coating deposition is performed by varying the spray distance over a range from 50 mm to 250 mm. The coating microstructure is studied using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the developed phases are identified using an x-ray diffractometer. The developed coatings are characterized in terms of deposition efficiency, coating thickness and adhesion strength. It is found that the coatings exhibit fairly good interfacial adhesion and thickness values that varied quite significantly with the spray distance. Maximum deposition efficiency of about 68 % is obtained for the copper substrate when the deposition is performed at a spray distance of 100 mm. This experimental investigation thus shows that despite being a waste, marble dust is eminently coatable on several metallic substrates.     

Planung einer thermischen Abfallverwertungsanlage in Großbritannien,ERF Newhaven

Im Jahre 2000 trat die EU‐Richtlinie [1] für Abfalldeponien in Kraft, mit der eine erhebliche Reduzierung der Mengen an Hausmüll verbunden ist, die deponiert werden darf. Da in Großbritannien ein beträchtlicher Anteil des Hausmülls auf Deponien entsorgt wird, muss das Müllmanagement nun komplett umgestellt werden, um die Anforderungen dieser Richtlinie zu erfüllen. Zum einen ist die stetig ansteigende Abfallmenge auf ein Minimum zu begrenzen und der anfallende Hausmüll so weit wie möglich zu recyceln und zu kompostieren, zum anderen sind Alternativen zur Mülldeponierung zu suchen. Eine entscheidende Rolle wird dabei sicher die thermische Abfallbehandlung spielen, die in anderen EU‐Ländern schon einen weitaus größeren Stellenwert einnimmt. Neben der eigentlichen Entsorgung entsteht bei dem kontrollierten Verbrennungsvorgang unter hohen Temperaturen als Nebenprodukt Wärme. Diese kann zur Energieerzeugung genutzt werden und macht die Anlagen somit in zweierlei Hinsicht attraktiv. In der Region East Sussex County haben die Mülldeponien, in denen der überwiegende Teil des Hausmülls der Region entsorgt wird, ihre Lagerungskapazität erreicht. Um das Abfallproblem zu lösen und die Auflagen der EU zu erfüllen, vereinbarten die Grafschaft East Sussex County Council und die Städte von Brighton & Hove City Council mit dem weltweit führenden Umweltdienstleister Veolia Environment Services die Übernahme des Abfallmanagements und als Bestandteil des Vertrages den Bau und den Betrieb einer hochmodernen thermischen Abfallverwertungsanlage in Newhaven, East Sussex. Design of a energy recovery waste facility in Great Britain, ERF Newhaven. The Landfill Directive, more formally, Council Directive 1999/31/EC of 26 April 1999 on the landfill of waste [1], is a European Union directive issued by the European Union to be implemented by its member states. The Directive's overall aim is “to prevent or reduce as far as possible the negative effects of landfills on the environment. In particular, the objectives are the minimization of the pollution of surface water, groundwater, soil and air, and on the global environment, including the greenhouse effect, as well as any resulting risk to human health, from the landfilling of waste, during the whole life‐cycle of the landfill”. This legislation also has important implications for waste disposal. Due to the wide availability of landfills, Great Britain, has in the past, disposed a substantial part of its municipal waste in landfills. The UK government has now imposed waste legislation designed to reduce the release of greenhouse gases produced by landfills. It is the UK government's position that thermal waste treatment will play an increasingly large role in the treatment of municipal waste and supply energy in the UK. This position is consistent with other EU members. The landfills have all reached their capacity in East Sussex County. In order to manage the waste disposal problem and simultaneously respect the new rigorous legislation, East Sussex County Council, the cities of Brighton & Hove city council and the worldwide environmental services provider Veolia Environment Services have contracted to provide a waste management service and as part of the new waste infrastructure build, commission and operate a state‐of‐the‐art energy recovery facility in Newhaven, East Sussex.