我国的锑深加工产品

介绍了目前我国锑深加工产品的种类、用途、主要生产厂家 ,以及某些产品的生产工艺和质量状况。并针对国内锑品现状 ,提出了几点建议     

Recovery of eicosapentaenoic acid from fungal mycelia by solvent extraction

Utilization of lipids containing eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) produced by microorganisms requires processes for their efficient recovery from microbial cells. Recovery of EPA from mycelia of the fungusPythium irregulare by solvent extraction with hexane-isopropanol (HIP) in a pilot-plant colloid mill was investigated. Extraction efficiencies of 96% for lipid and EPA were achieved with a 3∶2 (vol/vol) HIP mixture by milling wet, filtered mycelia for 5 min at a solvent/dry solids ratio of 100 L/kg. The process yielded a crude extract that contained up to 96% lipid and an EPA content as high as 24% (with no selectivity for EPA).     

Coating nanodiamonds with biocompatible shells for applications in biology and medicine

Use of nanodiamonds (NDs) as nontoxic nanoparticles for biological imaging, sensing, and drug delivery is expanding rapidly. The interest in NDs is triggered by their unique combination of optical properties. ND can accommodate nitrogen-vacancy color centers which provide stable fluorescence without photobleaching or photoblinking and their electronic structure is very sensitive to magnetic and electric fields. The limited options to control ND properties during synthesis or by direct surface functionalization leave room to be improved upon by employing surface coatings engineered precisely for a particular application. The major disadvantages of unmodified NDs are their limited colloidal stability and tendency to non-specifically adsorb biomolecules. This review aims to summarize recent advances in coating NDs (namely with silica and polymer shells), which addresses these disadvantages and enables the use of NDs in biological applications such as targeting of specific cells, drug delivery, and biological imaging.     

Coinage Metals in the Nanometer Length Scale

Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC)-stabilized gold organosol in toluene has been prepared by using a two-phase (water-toluene) extraction of AuCl₄^- followed by its reduction with sodium borohydride in the presence of the surfactant, CPC. The surfactant-stabilized gold nanoparticles were exploited to examine their optical properties when exposed to various solvent systems by measuring the changes in the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) spectrum.     

Printing of NiO-YSZ nanocomposites: From continuous synthesis to inkjet deposition

Water-based inks, containing nanometric NiO and YSZ particles in 66/34 vol. % ratio, are produced by colloidal stabilization of a binary dispersion obtained via continuous hydrothermal synthesis at supercritical conditions, i.e. 280 bar and 400 °C. The method yields single-crystal particles with diameter ≤ 10 nm for both phases in a single-step process, achieving a highly mixed composite. Two different approaches are applied to formulate inks printable with piezoelectric printheads, i.e. an electrostatic and an electrosteric stabilization path. The use of an electrosteric dispersant results in colloids with superior stability > 200 days, more uniform thin films and finely nanostructured porous cermet films with thickness below 500 nm, after reducing NiO to Ni. Particles coarsening to 50–150 nm is obtained at 1000 °C, accompanied by a shrinkage of ca. 43% in thickness without the formation of cracks or delamination of the zirconia substrates.     

pH值、无机电解质对PAE和CMC在纤维上吸附量的影响

通过测量纸浆Zeta电位以及聚合电解质的吸附量等方法,研究了pH值和无机电解质对阳离子聚酰胺-环氧氯丙烷树脂(PAE)和阴离子羧甲基纤维素(CMC)在纤维表面吸附量的影响。实验结果证明吸附量随纸浆悬浮液中无机电解质浓度的升高先增大后减小;随pH值的升高而增大。     

A reusable capacitive immunosensor with a novel immobilization procedure based on 1,6-hexanedithiol and nano-Au self-assembled layers

A novel immobilization procedure of antibody proteins for capacitive immunosensing, based on thiolor sulfur compound (1,6-hexanedithiol, HDT) and colloid Au layers is proposed. The insulating organic monolayer film was first formed by the spontaneous assembly of HDT from solution onto gold. When these thiol-rich surfaces are exposed to Au colloid, the sulfurs form strong bonds to gold nanoparticles, anchoring the clusters to the electrode substrate. After the assembly of gold nanoparticles layer, the original formed organic thiols surface was restored, and a new nano-Au surface was obtained. Thus, the antibody could be immobilized through electrostatic adsorption between nano-Au and the antibody proteins. After use, the formed immunocomplex layer can be rinsed out, via a saline solution with extreme pH. Therefore, the immunosensor can be regenerated repeatedly, highlighting a clear advantage of this new approach with respect to classical immunoassays employing covalent immobilization.     

恒电荷等同平板颗粒之间的相互作用能

按照Langmuir的方法 ,在高电位时 ,将PB方程中的双曲正弦函数简化 ,sinhy≈ey/2。由此 ,按照Langmuir的方法 ,在高电位或高电荷密度时 ,将PB方程中的双曲正弦简化为sinhy≈ey/2。导出计算高电位时平行平板颗粒之间相互作用能的近似方法。按照同样的方法 ,在颗粒具有高的恒定的表面电荷密度的条件下 ,虽然无法导出相互作用能的表达式 ,却可以用联立方程组的形式求出相互作用能。无绕动电位在 5～ 10的范畴内 ,将近似方法同精确的数值解作了详细的比较 ,近似方法可以在无量纲距离κh≤ 4的范围内 ,满意的应用。和恒电位情况相比 ,同样是无绕动电位越高 ,精确度越好 ,同时 ,近似方法的应用上限有所提高 ,这是因为随颗粒之间的距离减少 ,yh将大大的超过y∞ 的大小 ,κhσmin的值将更小的缘故     

Rhenium labeled McAb—SZ39 and colloid

Two kinds of rhenium labeled radiopharmaceuticals for therapy of the human brain glioma were prepared.Anti-human brain glioma monoclonal antibody (McAb-SZ39) was directly labeled with 186 ReO4^-.When ascorbic acid was used as reduction agent of antibody and the reduction of 186 ReO4^- was finished in sodium gluconate solution(pH=2.54),the labeling efficiency was 96.2%,After purification,the labeled products were tested in respect of immunoreactivity,in vitro stability as well as inhibitory efficiency against human glioma transplanted in nude mice,188ReO4^- labeled colloid was synthesized by using a two-step method.The size of radiocolloid particles was around 2-5μm,and the radiochemical yield was over 95%,Nude mice Experiments demonstrated that the inhibitory efficiency against human brain glioma of 188Re-collied and ^188 Re-McAb-SZ39 was 90% and 65% ,respectively.     

Ultradispersed particles in heavy oil: Part I, preparation and stabilization of iron oxide/hydroxide

In this study, ultradispersed colloidal particles of iron oxide/hydroxide were prepared in-situ in heavy oil matrices adopting (w/o) microemulsion approach for nanoparticle preparation detailed in our previous work [1-3]. The effect of composition of heavy oil on the stable concentration of colloidal particles, particle uptake, was investigated. The following trends in particle uptake were common between the (w/o) microemulsions and the heavy oil matrices. An optimum water content was found for which a maximum particle uptake was attained. Particle uptake increased as the content of vacuum residue, VR, and precursor salt concentration increased. Vacuum residue contributes high asphaltene content, which acts as a surface active agent. The iron oxide/hydroxide particles had been recently shown to effectively remove H₂S_(g) from oil phase [4]. H₂S_(g) is a hazardous by-product of heavy oil recovering and upgrading which should be removed as soon as it forms. Results pertaining to H₂S_(g) removal from heavy oil employing ultradispersed particles are communicated in Part II of this study.