绒类织物增光增艳整理

选用多功能复合型绒类织物增光增艳整理剂FSR－2，对纯棉条绒织物进行光泽整理，讨论了光泽剂、交联剂及工艺条件对整理效果的影响，得出了最佳的增光增艳整理工艺。     

Radiation demineralised bone enhanced osteoinductive capacity after transplantation

Using a mediating alkyne gas during the radiation treatment prevents the degradation of natural and synthetic polysaccharides and proteins. The product has higher viscosity and is more elastic than the original material and, therefore, gives enhanced functionality. Protein, within demineralised bone, too can be modified to give enhanced osteoinductive capacity after transplantation. Thus new functionalities can be achieved from the new products produced in food and medical products.     

Low surface energy films based on partially fluorinated isocyanates: the effects of curing temperature

Self-stratification strategy can be used to prepare films in which both bulk and surface properties can be optimized. By using this approach, only a very small quantity of fluorinated species is needed to generate a surface with low surface energy. When cross-linking is involved during film formation, we are dealing with a competition behavior between the diffusion of fluorinated species and the formation of cross-linked network. In this study low surface energy polymeric films were prepared on the basis of partially fluorinated polyisocyanates, in combination with hydroxyl-end-capped three-armed solventless liquid oligoesters and modified hyperbranched polyesters. At a fluorine concentration of only 0.5 wt.%, contact angles of water and hexadecane can reach 120° and 80°, respectively. A surface energy as low as 10–15 mN/m can be obtained upon the addition of less than 1 wt.% of fluorine in the films. It was shown, from real time ATR-FTIR and contact angle measurements, that the curing temperatures demonstrated significant effects on the cross-linking rate as well as on the wettability of the films.     

醋酸乙烯酯对丙烯酰胺聚合反应的影响

探讨了醋酸乙烯酯在丙烯酰胺聚合反应中的影响。实验证明在丙烯酰胺水溶液混入少量醋酸乙烯酯 ,该水溶液经阳离子交换树脂处理后 ,可聚合生成交联型丙烯酰胺胶体。     

电子束辐照和氢氧化铝对LLDPE/EVA共混物凝胶含量和力学性能的影响

研究了电子束辐照剂量和氢氧化铝(ATH)的含量对线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)/乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯(EVA)共混物凝胶含量和力学性能的影响。辐照剂量是影响LLDPE/EVA/ATH阻燃体系凝胶含量的主要因素,而ATH对其凝胶含量的影响较小。随着ATH含量的增加,LLDPE/EVA共混物的拉伸强度逐步增加,断裂伸长率迅速下降。所有阻燃体系的拉伸强度均是随着辐照剂量的增加而逐步增大,但辐照剂量对这些阻燃体系的断裂伸长率的影响却比较复杂。     

硅氮聚合物交联的室温硫化橡胶的研究Ⅰ．热稳定性的研究

本文利用硅氮聚合物作文联剂使双组分缩合型室温硫化硅橡胶在不需要催化剂存在下就能交联硫化，通过时硫化胶老化后的热失重、交联密度和力学性能的测定，表明这种硫化胶的耐温性能由２００℃提高到３５０℃。对硫化胶的降解动力学研究表明：降解反应活化能由７０ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ提高到３３０ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ，这是由于消除了端基引发的主链降解。     

γ辐照对聚己内酯性能的影响

研究了不同分子量的聚己内酯的辐照特性，聚已内酯(PCL)的分子量越大，辐射交联所需的凝胶化剂量越低。结果表明，溶胶分数s √s与I／D的关系很好地符合Charlesby-Pinner关系式，说明PCL的辐射交联属于无规交联。辐射交联对PCL的力学性能影响显著，辐射剂量越大，拉伸强度和断裂伸长率下降越多，但分子量较高的PCL的抗张强度受辐射剂量的影响较小。动态力学分析(DMA)分析表明，聚己内酯辐照交联后的弹性模量和耐热性能显著提高。     

Development of new high-throughput screening method to compare and to detect efficient catalysts for adhesive materials

Organotin compounds particularly dibutyltin dilaurate, are commonly used as catalysts in coatings or adhesive materials to crosslink silyl modified polymers. However, environmental concerns should lead before 2020 to ban organotin compounds due to their high toxicity. Thus new catalysts must be developed. According to the different types of catalytic systems, i.e. acid, basic or metal containing catalysts, a large variety of candidates should be tested. Thus a high-throughput screening (HTS) method could be an interesting tool for the detection of new efficient catalysts to substitute organotin compounds. We report a global HTS method, compatible with organic amino or acid catalysts libraries, as well as with metal-containing libraries.     

The influence of oxidizing agents on water extracts of rye flour

The main constituents of rye flour extracts are proteins and pentosans. After cross-linking under the action of oxidizing agents those components are able to bind much more water than in their native (prior to modifications) state. As a consequence rheological properties of extract are changed.It was observed that kinematic viscosity of water extract of rye flour decreases rapidly with time. The reason for this behavior could be high enzymatic activity of flour extract.It was also found that the addition of hydrogen peroxide in the absence of additional peroxidase (which is naturally present in 1:9 or 1:1 water extracts of flour) causes the greatest increase in viscosity, due to the cross-linking of soluble polymers. Moreover after the addition of H₂O₂ to water extracts strong gels were obtained, which were characterized by tan δ = 0.5 (tan δ < 1). Moreover G′ was independent of frequency, which also suggests cross-linking of the pentosans.The addition of ascorbic acid, which is known to act preferably on gluten proteins, to 1:9 or 1:1 flour extracts had only a little effect on viscosity. In this case the values of tan δ = 0.9 were close to 1, which is typical for a weak gel.The application of inactivated rye flour extract, containing mainly proteins and pentosans, proved stronger effect of H₂O₂ in comparison to ascorbic acid on polymer cross-linking, but only after the addition of peroxidase. The gel obtained with H₂O₂ and peroxidase was also characterized by low tan δ = 0.4.The results indicate, that pentosans are the main subject of cross-linking reactions in rye flour water extracts.     

Cross-linked soy protein as material for biodegradable films: Synthesis, characterization and biodegradation

The modification of soy protein isolate (SPI) with different amounts of a naturally occurring cross-linking agent (genipin, Gen) and glycerol used as plasticizer was carried out in this work. The films yielded were cast from heated and alkaline aqueous solution of SPI, glycerol and Gen and then dried in an oven. Total soluble matter, water vapor permeability and mechanical properties were improved by adding small amounts of Gen. These properties were not significantly affected (P ? 0.05) by additions exceeding 2.5% (w/w of SPI). The opacity and cross-linking degree were linearly increased with the addition of Gen, whereas the swelling ratios in water were decreased. All the films were submitted to degradation under indoor soil burial conditions and the weight loss of the films was measured at different times. This study revealed that the film biodegradation time can be controlled or modified from at least 14 to 33 days. The tests performed showed the potential of Gen to improve the SPI film properties, in which the possibility of employing such new films as biodegradable food packaging was raised.