Stability of Circular Cylindrical Shells with a Single Local Dent

The theoretical-and-experimental investigation has been performed on the stability of smooth cylindrical shells of steel with a single local dent. All the shells manufactured using the same process were tested with the fulfillment of identical conditions for observations and measurements. Theoretical calculations were carried out by the mesh method with the use of the nonlinear theory of shells. A comparison of the experimental and theoretical values of the critical loads has been made. The theoretical-and-experimental approach proposed enables one to evaluate the quality of shells by studying local dents and other specific imperfections.     

The effect of aluminium coating on elemental standards in X-ray microanalysis

The standardisation of frozen hydrated bulk biological specimens using gelatin standards is described. The relationship between corrected elemental X-ray counts and ionic concentration was found to be linear, and minimum detectable limits for each element are stated. Variations in uncorrected standard curves were found to be due to changes in aluminium coating thickness. There was an inverse relationship between coating thickness and elemental X-ray counts. The factors causing this are discussed. To avoid errors arising from inconsistent aluminium thickness, experimental material should only be compared with standards of similar aluminium net counts. This can be achieved most easily by mounting and analysing specimen and standard together.     

Experimental and numerical investigation of fracture in double-edge notched steel plates

Double-edge notched (DENT) steel plates were pulled until complete fracture and several experimental observations were made (using profilometry and scanning electron microscopy). The essential work of fracture (EWF) model was found to be well verified. Numerical simulations—up to the maximum load only—of some experiments were performed using the finite element method (FEM), and incorporating geometric and material non-linearities (large deformation elasto-plasticity). Some experimental measurements were compared with the corresponding numerical computations and excellent agreement was found.     

Equipment for Testing Sheet Structural Materials under Biaxial Tension. Part 2. Testing by Biaxial Loading in the Plane of the Sheet

We analyze specific features of the design of equipment used for mechanical testing of sheet structural materials under the conditions of biaxial static, cyclic, or dynamic loading. We propose original solutions of the problems related to the fatigue testing of crosslike specimens performed without using complex hydraulic systems and their dynamic testing carried out by using very simple testing machines for uniaxial tension–compression.     

试样长度对 13CrMo44钢管力学性能的影响

研究了试样长度对13CrMo44珠光体耐热钢管力学性能的影响，研究结果表明，随着L0升高，该钢管的伸长率下降并满足δ=16.9% 68.2%√F/L0关系，L0较短时，其对钢管的抗拉强度（σb)和屈服强度（σs)没有什么影响；L0较长时，钢管的σb和σs都稍有下降，解释了产生上述现象的原因。     

管材高温低周疲劳实验方法及数据处理

采用径向应变控制法 ,在MTS880 /810试验机上用d 13mm× 1.5mm的单相α Ti合金管材 ,在 (35 0±1)℃下进行了 5个不同应变量的高温低周疲劳 (HTLCF)实验 ;记录了各自的循环应力—应变滞后环 ,得出了试样的循环响应特征和各试样的高温低周疲劳寿命。对实验数据按Coffin Manson公式拟合出疲劳曲线方程 ,从而绘出了该试材的Δεt— 2Nf 倍寿命关系曲线。考虑到低周疲劳数据的离散性 ,对其中的Δεt=1.0 %和Δεt=1.5 %两个应变量的各 6个试验数据按双参数Weibull分布进行了统计分析。     

周志宏对魏氏组织及马氏体的形成和形貌的早期金相研究

关于铁合金中相变的详尽显微组织方面的早期研究之一是由艾伯特·苏佛教授的学生周志宏（哈佛大学博士，１９２８年）完成的。该项研究描述了铁碳合金中魏氏组织和马氏体的形成，所用合金具有宽的碳含量范围，热处理时采用的冷却速率范围也是宽的。还描述了一种独特的汞浴淬火方法。此研究工作从未完全发表过。本文援引该博士论文中的一些原始显微组织照片和部分原文，并试图用我们现今对于铁合金相变的理解来阐明和重新诠释。文中还包括中国引进现代工业和科学的历史背景，以及周志宏对苏佛教授的个人回忆。     

植物标本数据库系统发展研究

研究目前常见的单机版系统、C/S模式、B/S模式、分布式网络数据库系统和地理信息系统,并对其优缺点进行了分析,对未来发展趋势进行了展望.     

地质标本虚拟仿真学习平台

地质标本的辨别是地学专业的学生必须具备的一项基础技能,但由于地质标本的种类多、属性特征不同、稀缺程度不一等原因,学生很难全面充裕的进行学习.本文从软件工程的角度出发,以地质标本的特点为切入点,确定了平台基本功能需求,设计系统的体系架构和功能模块,论述了系统主要技术及特色,最后对系统进行实现.通过地质标本虚拟仿真学习平台的建设,利用先进的软硬件技术,实现对地质标本的检索、属性浏览、三维展示等功能,为学生提供一种新的学习方式,提高他们的辨别技能.实际应用表明,该系统可以丰富学生对地质标本的认识,提高学生的辨别能力,取得了一定的效果.