MB8镁合金薄板的搅拌摩擦焊

针对我国航空航天工业常用的MB8镁合金。采用搅拌摩擦焊工艺进行焊接，对其焊缝的成形特点、组织特征和力学性能进行分析。结果表明，采用搅拌摩擦焊焊接镁合金效果良好。     

Biaxiale Ermüdung reibrührgeschweißter Strukturelemente

Biaxial fatigue of friction stir welded stiffened panels Within the framework of the European WelAir project, cruciform specimens made from stiffening FSW overlap joints were fatigued in the DLR biaxial test rig. To resemble the loading situation of pressurized fuselage structures, proportional loading without any phase shift, but with different load ratios λ between the loading components in both directions was applied.Natural crack initiation and subsequent crack growth were governed by the stiffness gradient caused by introducing the stringer. Cracks initiated and propagated at run‐in and run‐out locations in a direction perpendicular to the weld seam. The shortest fatigue life was observed for uniaxial loading in welding direction (λ = 0). An additional stress component perpendicular to the joint line (λ > 0) resulted in a higher number of cycles to failure. Similar to single stringer panels, increasing the load ratio also increased the number of cycles to failure for FSW clip‐stringer structural members, but additionally gives a different location of the fatal crack.     

Evaluation of Surface Residual Stresses in Friction Stir Welds Due to Laser and Shot Peening

The effects of laser, and shot peening on the residual stresses in friction stir welds (FSW) has been investigated. The surface residual stresses were measured at five different locations across the weld in order to produce an adequate residual stress profile. The residual stresses before and after sectioning the coupon from the welded plate were also measured, and the effect of coupon size on the residual stress relaxation was determined and characterized. Measurements indicate that residual stresses were not uniform along the welded plate, and large variation in stress magnitude could be exhibited at various locations along the FSW plate. Sectioning resulted in significant residual stress relaxation in the longitudinal direction attributed to the large change in dimensions in this direction. Overall, laser and shot peening resulted in a significant reduction in tensile residual stresses at the surface of the specimens.     

Numerical analysis of friction stir welding process

Friction stir welding (FSW), which has several advantages over the conventional welding processes, is a solid-state welding process where no gross melting of the material being welded takes place. Despite significant advances over the last decade, the fundamental knowledge of thermomechanical processes during FSW is still not completely understood. To gain physical insight into the FSW process and the evaluation of the critical parameters, the development of models and simulation techniques is a necessity. In this article, the available literature on modeling of FSW has been reviewed followed by details of an attempt to understand the interaction between process parameters from a simulation study, performed using commercially available nonlinear finite element (FE) code DEFORM. The distributions of temperature, residual stress, strain, and strain rates were analyzed across various regions of the weld apart from material flow as a means of evaluating process efficiency and the quality of the weld. The distribution of process parameters is of importance in the prediction of the occurrence of welding defects, and to locate areas of concern for the metallurgist. The suitability of this modeling tool to simulate the FSW process has been discussed. The lack of the detailed material constitutive information and other thermal and physical properties at conditions such as very high strain rates and elevated temperatures seems to be the limiting factor while modeling the FSW process.     

铝合金搅拌摩擦焊焊接缺陷分析

采用搅拌摩擦焊方法对6mm厚的2A12及3A21铝合金进行焊接。对其焊接速度、旋转速度及压入量等工艺参数选择不当所产生的接头缺陷进行了分析;焊接缺陷的产生与焊接热输入及焊缝塑性金属的软化相关。当热输入不足或者塑性金属的软化程度较差时都会导致焊接缺陷的形成。     

一种新型焊接工艺--搅拌摩擦焊

搅拌摩擦焊是20世纪90年代初开发出的一种新型焊接工艺，它可以焊接常用熔焊方法难以焊接的铝合金、钛合金等，并且具有一系列独特的优点。在此简要介绍了搅拌摩擦焊的原理、搅拌摩擦焊接接头性能、影响搅拌摩擦焊接的工艺参数以及搅拌摩擦焊常用设备。     

飞机铝合金型材结构FSW焊接

提出了搅拌摩擦焊接（Friction Stir Welding,FSW）技术的3个基本要素,对铝合金型材FSW焊接件在航空结构中的几个典型应用进行了分析.并简要介绍了中国搅拌摩擦焊中心在铝合金型材搅拌摩擦焊接方面的研究成果.中国搅拌摩擦焊中心的研究表明,采用搅拌摩擦焊技术焊接铝合金能够得到比较满意的接头强度.     

0Cr18Ni9不锈钢搅拌摩擦焊接头的微观组织和性能

采用搅拌摩擦焊工艺对3mm厚0Cr18Ni9不锈钢板进行了对接焊接。焊接接头内形成了焊核区、热力影响区和热影响区三个区域。焊核区由动态再结晶组织构成；热力影响区内的组织发生了不同程度的变形；热影响区由不完全再结晶组织构成。焊核区发生了明显的加工硬化现象，其显微硬度（HV）与母材相比提高了22％。在搅拌头旋转速度600r／min、焊接速度70mm／min下，接头的拉伸强度最高，达到412MPa。     

先进的搅拌摩擦焊

搅拌摩擦焊是利用一种特殊形式的搅拌头边旋转边前进，通过搅拌头与工件的摩擦产生热量，摩擦热使该部位金属处于热塑性状态，并在搅拌头的压力作用下从其前端向后部塑性流动，从而使待焊件压焊为一个整体。它可以焊接所有牌号的铝合金以及用熔焊方法难以焊接的材料，并突破了普通摩擦焊对轴类零件的限制。由于搅拌摩擦焊是固态焊接，所以没有熔化焊时的气孔、裂纹等缺陷。搅拌摩擦焊的接头性能普遍优于熔化焊的。     

Effects of microstructural heterogeneity on very high cycle fatigue properties of 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy friction stir butt welds

In this study, the very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) properties of 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy and its friction stir welding (FSW) butt welds have been investigated. The results show that the failure of FSW joints still occurs at 7.0 × 10⁸ cycles. The fatigue properties of the FSW joints are superior to those of the base material, especially in the super long life regime. Most fatigue cracks initiate at the thermo-mechanically affected zone and heat affected zone on the advancing side of the FSW joints, and the susceptibility of these zones to fatigue is attributed to the metallurgical heterogeneity.