Bare necessities: the argument for a ‘revenge porn’ exception in Section 230 immunity

‘Revenge porn’ is the online posting of nude or sexually explicit photographs or videos of a former lover without his or her consent. Despite the malicious intent behind revenge porn, victims are provided with little to no relief due to Section 230 of the Federal Communications Decency Act, also known as the ‘Good Samaritan’ provisions. Section 230 unambiguously provides blanket immunity for website operators and Internet service providers that feature user-generated content, including revenge porn.

In Section 1, I discuss the purpose of Section 230 of the Communication Decency Act. In Section 2, I analyze the legal impact of the blanket immunity established in Section 230. In Section 3, I examine the potential remedies already in existence for revenge porn victims and highlight their inadequacies. In Section 4, I argue Congress should create a narrow exception to Section 230 immunity specifically geared toward revenge porn. The exception would establish a definition of revenge porn, which would prevent over-deterrence. Additionally, the exception would institute a takedown procedure similar to the process found in the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. In creating a narrow exception, the spirit of Section 230 will remain while also providing adequate legal relief for victims of revenge porn.     

CR230－EP氯丁橡胶的应用

介绍ＣＲ２３０－ＥＰ氯丁橡胶进厂检验和车间工艺试验。     

热处理工艺对Ti-230合金薄板组织和性能的影响

研究了不同退火温度和退火时间对Ti-230钛合金板材显微组织和力学性能的影响。测试了不同退火工艺条件下合金薄板的强度和塑性。用金相显微镜和透射电镜观察了微观组织和析出相粒子Ti2Cu的分布。实验结果表明,随着退火温度从650℃升至790℃(保温30min),合金板材的抗拉强度从541MPa升到580MPa,延伸率从27.5%降到26%。在给定790℃,保温时间分别为5,15,30min条件下退火,其强度和延伸率变化不是十分明显。从OM和TEM对组织的观察得出,随着退火温度的升高,晶粒度明显增大,晶粒等轴化程度增加,析出的Ti2Cu粒子随退火温度的升高和保温时间的延长明显减少。采用790℃,30min退火工艺,其晶粒尺寸,Ti2Cu粒子的分布及Cu在基体中的固溶度可以达到良好的匹配,使合金获得最佳的力学性能。     

基于LabVIEW的浑浊度数字化测试仪设计

本文将虚拟仪器技术与光频转换器件TSL230B相结合,设计新型浑浊度数字化测试仪.阐述该系统的工作原理、硬件构成及软件设计方案;实现浑浊度的自动在线测量.实验结果表明,该仪器数据处理能力强,图形化显示直观,保存与打印结果方便,测量的重复性好,精确度高.     

MC-ICP-MS标样-样品交叉测试法测定石笋样品的230Th/U年龄

借鉴国际上已经建立的方法,本研究设计了一套便捷的UTEVA树脂分离纯化U与Th的化学流程,以及多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱测量U/Th同位素的方法,用于精确测定石笋样品的²³⁰Th/U年代。U/Th同位素的测量采用标样-样品交叉测试法（standard-sample bracketing）,即在测量未知样品之前和之后分别测量标准样品的同位素,通过外部归一化和线性内插法估算测量未知样品时仪器的校正因子,如质量歧视和二次电子倍增器相对于法拉第杯的增益。为检验该方法的可靠性,本研究分析了国际U标准样品Harwell uraninite-1（HU-1）、U/Th内用标准样品MFT和已知年代石笋样品的U/Th同位素。结果显示：HU-1的δ²³⁴U=（-1.27±2.14）‰（±2σ,n=29）,该结果与国际上不同实验室的测量值在误差范围内一致。U/Th内用标准样品MFT（±2σ,n=22）的δ²³⁴U、²³⁰Th/²³⁸U放射性活度比和年代平均值分别为（408.2±3.2）‰、1.002±0.003和(124.3±0.5) ka,具有较好的重现性。47个石笋样品的²³⁴U/²³⁸U、²³⁰Th/²³⁸U放射性活度比和²³⁰Th/U校正年代的相对误差（±2σ）分别约为0.6‰、2.4‰和0.5%,与已发表数据在误差范围内吻合。     

Examination of HA230 turbine transition duct

Abstract

The present paper reports the results of an examination of a service run transition duct from one of Siemens' industrial gas turbines and the correlation between the findings for this, and those from the studies undertaken on laboratory exposed Haynes alloy 230 material. The studies have shown that there are changes in the microstructure and hardness of the material that can be related to temperature and time of exposure, and the information gained can lead to estimations of the average component operating temperature. Metallographic studies revealed a high level of heterogeneity of the grains in this transition duct.     

基于TCS230数字亮度计的设计与应用

TCS230是业界首款带数字兼容接口的RGB彩色光/频率转换器。本文利用其滤光选择功能,并借助单片机设计一种以STC89C51为运算、控制核心,能够同时测量光线中所含的三基色亮度的便携式数字亮度计。实现对颜色数据的采集和处理,并将处理后的数据显示在LCD屏上。简述了利用软件对TCS230的实际颜色测量值进行校正的处理办法,给出了相应的硬件设计电路、软件流程图和测试程序清单。电路具有成本低、测量速度快、精确高、便携等特点,可广泛应用于各种需要对光色成分进行测量、分析与识别的行业。     

High temperature corrosion of structural materials under gas‐cooled reactor helium

The Generation IV International Forum has selected six promising nuclear power systems for further collaborative investigations and development. Among these six concepts, two candidates are Gas Cooled Reactors (GCR), namely the Very High Temperature Reactor (VHTR) and the Gas‐cooled Fast Reactor (GFR). The CEA has launched a R&D program on the metallic materials for application in an innovative GCR. Structural GCR alloys have been extensively studied in the past three decades. Some critical aspects for the steels and nickel base alloys resistance under the service conditions are microstructural stability, creep strength and compatibility with the cooling gas. The coolant, namely helium, proved to contain impurities mainly H₂, CO, CH₄, N₂ and steam in the microbar range that interact with metals at high temperature. Surface scale formation, bulk carburisation and/or decarburisation can occur, depending on the atmosphere characteristics, primarily the effective oxygen partial pressure and carbon activity, on the temperature and on the alloys chemical composition. These structural transformations can notably influence the mechanical properties: carburisation may induce a loss in toughness and ductility whereas decarburisation impedes the creep strength. There is a valuable theoretical as well as practical knowledge on the corrosion of high temperature alloys in the primary circuit of a GCR but this past experience is not sufficient to qualify every component in a future reactor. On the one hand, the material environment could be significantly different from the former GCR's, especially regarding the higher temperature. On the other hand, the materials of interest are partly different. Ni‐Cr‐W alloys, for instance, may offer significant improvement in the maximum operating temperature as far as the mechanical properties are concerned. However, their corrosion resistance toward the GCR atmosphere is still unknown. We describe here our first corrosion tests of Haynes 230, a high strength Ni base alloy containing tungsten, under low oxidising helium at 750 °C or 950 °C. The experiments were carried out in a purposely‐designed device that allows controlling low impurity partial pressure. The test duration was up to 1000 h. The corrosion behaviour was assessed through gravimetry and microscopy. Some specimens were investigated using EDS and DRX. The results under low oxidizing potential are compared to the oxidation kinetics in air. Tentative interpretations are proposed based on published models.     

Thermo-physical properties of Hastelloy X and Haynes 214 close to the melting range

ABSTRACT

The nickel-based superalloys Hastelloy X and Haynes 214 are widely used for honeycomb liners; however, thermo-physical properties at temperatures close to the melting range are poorly described in the literature. Based on the thermo-physical properties, endothermic effects between 550°C and 650°C have been observed that develop due to the formation of the short-range order in both alloys and in Haynes 214, in addition to the short-range order, an increase in the specific heat capacity due to the γ′-precipitation up to 950° was detected. At low and intermediate temperatures, the Hastelloy X is significantly better suited than the Haynes 214. At high temperatures the Haynes 214 is superior to the Hastelloy X due to the dissolution of the γ′-phase.