延续、重塑与共生——浅谈建筑设计中的环境塑造

通过对三个建筑的环境设计实例，分析设计师如何依据建筑所处地域环境的自然空间构成、历史人文文脉的沉淀、地理气候的特征以及居住群体的行为习性等诸多因素，对建筑环境塑造进行定位。     

论有梭丝织机的老机改造

本文从织机设计角度出发,通过分析和论证,指出有限提高老机转速将是可行的。改造途径是合理减轻筘座和梭子等关键机件的质量,改进投梭凸轮工作曲线的设计,消除制约目标转速的主要因素,达到提高转速10%的有限目标。     

Configurational balance and entropy sinks

For evolutionary processes of material remodelling and growth, a comparison is drawn between a conventional formulation and one that postulates the existence of additional balance laws for the configurational forces.     

A stress distribution remodelling technique

The stress distribution ahead of a notch is of great practical interest when undertaking fatigue and fracture analyses. In particular it is generally the first principal stress close to the notch which is desired. For a sharp notch this can be characterized by the stress field parameter K ^N which is referred to as the notch stress intensity factor (or N-SIF). The finite element method is a very powerful tool which is commonly used to determine K ^N . However, unless specialized methods are used the finite element mesh must be extremely refined in the region of the notch in order to calculate an accurate value. In practical situations, the degree of mesh refinement necessary is often not possible, due to either time or computer limitations. The following describes a simple technique which can be used to accurately determine the stress distribution close to a sharp notch, by remodelling or reshaping a stress distribution that has been obtained from a finite element analysis using a coarse or inadequate mesh. A theoretical equation for defining the principal stress distribution ahead of a sharp notch, which has been developed by Atzori et al. (2005) is used to do this. It is shown that the theoretical distribution can be explicitly determined from the finite element distribution by using global equilibrium conditions. It is shown that this technique is independent of the finite element mesh size. The method is used to calculate K ^N for seven different combinations of geometry and loading condition, using various FE mesh refinement. It is shown that the results are accurate to within 15%.     

Factor VII activating protease (FSAP): A novel protective factor in liver fibrosis

Factor VII activating protease (FSAP) is a multifunctional serine protease that is mainly synthesized and secreted by hepatocytes. This enzyme is highly evolutionarily conserved and contains three epidermal growth factor like domains, a kringle domain and a trypsin-like serine protease signature at its C-terminus. Animal experimentation and clinical findings indicate that FSAP influences a range of inflammatory fibroproliferative diseases. In particular, recent work demonstrated that FSAP is anti-fibrotic and influences liver fibrosis progression. The relative high physiological concentration, occurrence of gene variants affecting the proteolytic activity of FSAP and eclectic substrate specificity should in principal presuppose this protease to be frequently found in studies in which quantitative proteomics is performed. However, presently there are only a few studies available that have identified FSAP in applications using 2D gels, MS or other proteomic-associated techniques. We summarize here the actual knowledge about FSAP functions in initiation and progression of hepatic fibrosis and comment on proteome studies in which altered expression or activity of FSAP was reported.