Elimination of dislocations in heteroepitaxial MBE and RTCVD Ge x Si1-x grown on patterned Si substrates

We have grown Ge _x Si_1-x (0 <x < 0.20,1000–3000Å thick) on small growth areas etched in the Si substrate. Layers were grown using both molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) at 550° C and rapid thermal chemical vapor deposition (RTCVD) at 900° C. Electron beam induced current images (EBIC) (as well as defect etches and transmission electron microscopy) show that 2800Å-thick, MBE Ge_0.19Si_0.81 on 70-μm-wide mesas have zerothreading and nearly zero misfit dislocations. The Ge_0.19Si{0.81} grown on unpatterned, large areas is heavily dislocated. It is also evident from the images that heterogeneous nucleation of misfit dislocations is dominant in this composition range. 1000Å-thick, RTCVD Ge_0.14Si_0.86 films deposited on 70 μm-wide mesas are also nearly dislocation-free as shown by EBIC, whereas unpatterned areas are more heavily dislocated. Thus, despite the high growth temperatures, only heterogeneous nucleation of misfit dislocations occurs and patterning is still effective. Photoluminescence spectra from arrays of GeSi on Si mesas show that even when the interface dislocation density on the mesas is high, growth on small areas results in a lower dislocation density than growth on large areas.     

关于冶金学中使用国际单位制若干问题的探讨

本文就十余年来我国在冶金学领域使用国际单位制所遇到的问题，特别是关于热量和压力单位等问题，提出一些不同的意见；期望在冶金领域中使用国际单位更加顺利，又不要影响数据的精确性．     

超大规模集成电路电源完整性设计中的滤波电容选择

集成电路技术的迅速发展,对电源完整性设计提出了更高的要求,设计者通常通过放置各种电容来降低电源噪声以及应对负载瞬态大电流的需求。讨论了电容技术发展对电源完整性设计带来的影响,同时通过对几种典型电容特性的分析,给出了在电源完整性设计中合理选择使用各种滤波电容的解决方案。     

Individual-based modeling of soil organic matter in NetLogo: Transparent,user-friendly,and open

Soil organic matter dynamics are essential for terrestrial ecosystem functions as they affect biogeochemical cycles and, thus, the provision of plant nutrients or the release of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Most of the involved processes are driven by microorganisms. To investigate and understand these processes, individual-based models allow analyzing complex microbial systems' behavior based on rules and conditions for individual entities within these systems, taking into account local interactions and individual variations. Here, we present a streamlined, user-friendly and open version of the individual-based model INDISIM-SOM, which describes the mineralization of soil carbon and nitrogen. It was implemented in NetLogo, a widely used and easily accessible software platform especially designed for individual-based simulation models. Including powerful means to observe the model behavior and a standardized documentation, this increases INDISIM-SOM's range of potential uses and users, and facilitates the exchange among soil scientists as well as between different modeling approaches.     

基于SI4432的高性能无线收发应用平台设计

针对无线产品设计中的产品可靠性、功耗、有效距离和成本问题,设计了一款基于SI4432和STM32F103的高性能无线收发应用平台。设计中实现了ACK双向通信、精简CSMA/CA发送机制,增强了系统的可靠性,减少了由于数据冲突造成的数据丢失现象,可满足不同的应用需求。实验表明,该平台简化了无线产品的设计,可应用于安防、无线抄表、无线传感器网络等系统。     

基于客户端DSP的数字电话系统

基于客户端数字信号处理器(CSTDSP)的数字电话系统,以TMS320C54CST为核心,实现模拟信号和数字信号之间的转换,同时实现数字信号到电话线信号的调制和解调,从而实现公共网上数字信号的传输。为了提高通信的抗干扰能力,系统软件实现回音相消、自动增益控制以及数字滤波等信号处理算法。     

基于FPGA的高速高密度PCB设计中的信号完整性分析

根据摩尔定律,高速高密度印刷电路板(PCB)的设计变得越来越复杂。针对大型或特大型高速高密度PCB设计中信号完整性的一些关键问题,如：PCB层叠、传输线类型、特征阻抗计算、互连拓扑结构、端接技术、延迟匹配、串扰分析、差分布线等,通过理论分析、仿真验证、工程实践相结合的方式进行讨论,并给出相应的解决方法或设计规则。在此基础上,给出现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)多层PCB板设计原则。具体工程实验证明,在这些规则或机制的驱动下,高速高密度PCB的设计能够获得良好的实际效果。     

基于辅助符号的非线性自干扰抵消算法及其简化实现

同频同时全双工是第5代(5G)通信关键技术之一,数字自干扰抵消算法是其重要研究方向。针对非线性数字自干扰抵消算法中,失真系数估计受到自干扰信道估计误差的影响这一问题,该文提出一种基于辅助符号的非线性自干扰抵消算法,通过对辅助符号做自干扰抵消,将信道估计符号的失真误差映射到其抵消结果中并提取出来,从中估计失真系数。接着针对算法开销问题提出一种简化实现方案。仿真结果显示,接收自干扰信号为-5 dBm时,算法可将自干扰非线性失真分量抵消至约-100 dBm,且性能随接收自干扰功率降低而提高。     

Combustion analysis of a spark ignition engine fueled with gaseous blends containing hydrogen

This paper presents the combustion characteristics of a naturally aspirated spark ignition engine, intended for installation in vehicles, fueled with different hydrogen and methane blends. The experimental tests were carried out in a wide range of speeds at equivalence ratios of 1, 0.8 and 0.7 and at full load. The ignition timing was maintained for each speed, independently of the equivalence ratio and blend used as fuel. Four methane-hydrogen blends were used. In-cylinder pressure, mass fraction burned, heat released and cycle-by-cycle variations were analyzed as representative indicators of the combustion quality. It was observed that hydrogen enrichment of the blend improve combustion for the ignition timing chosen. This improvement is more appreciable at low speeds, because at high speeds hydrogen effect is attenuated by the high turbulence. Also, hydrogen addition allowed the extension of the LOL, enabling the engine to run stable in points where methane could not be tested. The main inconvenience detected was the high NO_x emissions measured, especially at stoichiometric conditions, due mainly to the increment in the combustion temperature that hydrogen produces.     

Effect of methanol gasoline blended fuels on the performance and emissions of SI engine

This article presents experimental results of the effect of methanol gasoline blends as alternate fuels for the spark ignition (SI) engine. As the cost of the gasoline is periodically increasing the quest for the alternative fuels are evolved with which the emissions are reduced along with improved engine performance. A set of experiments have been conducted to investigate the effect of gasoline methanol blends in methanol percentages of M5, M10 and M15 on the engine performance and emissions. A significant reduction in emissions is observed with methanol blends compared to the standard gasoline with improved engine performance and emission characteristics. The fuels blends ranging from M10 to M15 have been found suitable for reduced emissions and improved engine performance.