Analytic fuzzy tableaux

 In this paper Beth–Smullyan's tableaux method is extended to the fuzzy propositional logic. The fuzzy tableaux method is based on the concepts of t-truth and extended graded formula. As in classical logic, it is a refutation procedure. A closed fuzzy tableau beginning with the extended graded formula [r, A] asserting that this is not t-true, is a tableau proof of the graded formula (A, r). The theorems of soundness, completeness, and decidability are proved.     

基于Petri网的Web服务BPEL4WS建模与分析

描述了Web服务业务流程执行语言(BPEL4WS或BPEL)的Petri网建模方法，利用网结构描述基于Web服务业务流程的行为特性。在对BPEL4WS的结构性活动和故障补偿处理机制进行逐层分析的基础上，提出了一个利用Petri网的逐步求精技术对流程进行建模的算法。然后结合具体实例阐述了利用该算法建模的详细过程，并对所生成的Petri网模型进行了完整性（soundness)验证     

Laboratory investigation of carbonated BOF slag used as partial replacement of natural aggregate in cement mortars

Direct mineral carbonation produces a material rich in carbonates and with reduced quantities of free oxides. The aim of this work was to show that such materials can be used in the construction domain. Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) slag from the steelmaking process has been traditionally seen as unfit for bounded applications due to its propensity to swelling, resulting from hydration of its high free lime content. Here, BOF slag was crushed to suitable particle sizes, carbonated in an aqueous solution of carbonic acid, and utilized to replace 50% of natural sand aggregate in cement mortars. The mechanical and chemical properties of these mortars were compared to mortars containing non-carbonated slags, and a standard cement mortar as a reference. Tests were conducted to determine mortar paste consistency and soundness, and cured mortar compressive strength and leaching tendencies. The results showed a satisfactory performance for all considered aspects (comparable with the reference) of the mortar sample containing 37.5 wt% (1.5 in 4 parts solids) carbonated BOF slag of <0.5 mm particle size.     

高游离钙粉煤灰配制墙体水泥的初步研究

本文探讨了利用高游离钙粉煤灰（f－CaO＝7％～11％）配制墙体水泥的可行性。试验结果在明,采用磨细加。与掺加少量CaCl2的方法可配制出：高钙灰掺量30％～40％,安定性与强度均满足要求的425#墙体水泥。     

电炉钢渣胶凝材料的研究

本文就外渗物对电炉还原钢渣活性的激发及其对混合物性能的影响进行了探讨，对比硅酸盐水泥，全面考察了钢渣胶凝材料的各项性能及其影响因素。     

Verification of lime and water glass stabilized FGD gypsum as road sub-base

Flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum is a by-product created when sulfur is removed from flue gases in power plants. The utilization of FGD gypsum as a road sub-base for construction purposes is unsatisfactory when compared with other by-products such as fly ash and steel slag. As a result, FGD gypsum has generally been treated as a waste product and landfill. A new type of semi-rigid road sub-base is proposed, which is a mixture of FGD gypsum, water glass and slaked lime. Laboratory studies of moulded samples of this new material were investigated using different curing methods and measuring unconfined compressive strength, soundness and water stability. The experimental results showed that the road sub-base material reflects excellent mechanical properties and soundness durability. This contributes not only to improved road performance, but also represents a new and improved beneficial use of FGD gypsum.     

The rely-guarantee method for verifying shared variable concurrent programs

Compositional proof systems for shared variable concurrent programs can be devised by including the interference information in the specifications. The formalism falls into a category calledrely-guarantee (orassumption-commitment), in which a specification is explicitly (syntactically) split into two corresponding parts. This paper summarises existing work on the rely-guarantee method and gives a systematic presentation. A proof system for partial correctness is given first, thereafter it is demonstrated how the relevant rules can be adapted to verify deadlock freedom and convergence. Soundness and completeness, of which the completeness proof is new, are studied with respect to an operational model. We observe that the rely-guarantee method is in a sense a reformulation of the classical non-compositional Owicki & Gries method, and we discuss throughout the paper the connection between these two methods.The research was partially supported by Esprit-BRA project 6021 (REACT).     

Analysis on demand: Instantaneous soundness checking of industrial business process models

We report on a case study on control-flow analysis of business process models. We checked 735 industrial business process models from financial services, telecommunications, and other domains. We investigated these models for soundness (absence of deadlock and lack of synchronization) using three different approaches: the business process verification tool Woflan, the Petri net model checker LoLA, and a recently developed technique based on SESE decomposition. We evaluate the various techniques used by these approaches in terms of their ability of accelerating the check. Our results show that industrial business process models can be checked in a few milliseconds, which enables tight integration of modeling with control-flow analysis. We also briefly compare the diagnostic information delivered by the different approaches and report some first insights from industrial applications.     

Soundness verification for conceptual workflow nets with data: Early detection of errors with the most precision possible

A conceptual workflow model specifies the control flow of a workflow together with abstract data information. This model is later on refined by adding specific data information, resulting in an executable workflow which is then run on an information system. It is desirable that correctness properties of the conceptual workflow are transferable to its refinements. In this paper, we present classical workflow nets extended with data operations as a conceptual workflow model. For these nets, we develop a novel technique to verify soundness. An executable workflow is sound if from every reachable state it is always possible to terminate properly. Our technique allows us to analyze a conceptual workflow and to conclude whether there exists at least one sound refinement of it, and whether any refinement of a conceptual workflow model is sound. The positive answer to the first question in combination with the negative answer to the second question means that sound and unsound refinements for the conceptual workflow in question are possible.     

一种过程定义模型及其验证性分析

软件过程是管理、开发、维护软件系统所需要的一系列活动的偏序集合。软件过程作为一种工作流，其建模和分析可以采用工作流的理论和技术作为支撑。因为任务控制流的图示表示办法直观方便，因此大多系统都采用这种定义方式为软件过程建模。而过程定义的合理性验证问题复杂度通常是非常高的，必须寻求合理的算法。图规约算法就是一种实际可行的算法。