Properties of Dried and Intermediate Moisture Honey Products: A Review

This review discusses the processing techniques proposed for the production of dried and intermediate moisture honey products, as well as their properties. Stickiness is the major problem in the drying of sugar rich products like honey, that depend on the type of sugar and temperature of operation, which are related to the glass transition temperature. Some additives are usually added to the sugary feed to increase the glass transition temperature and concurrently the sticky point temperature. In the case of honey-fruit spreads, nutritional and sensory characteristics can be enhanced by replacing part of sugar with honey. Co-crystallization of honey with sucrose could be used to preserve the honey flavor. These diversified honey products provide better taste and nutrition to the consumer besides enhancing the utilization of honey.     

粘湿粉料的震动填料旋转式多工位自动成型机

以植物纤维粉料为原料研发生产一次性如餐具等包装产品,产品生产工艺采用粉料模具冷冲压直接成型。装备研发中,通过震动填料,解决粉料因粘、湿而结砣成球形成的卡、塞、搭等现象,保证粘湿粉料在模具内分布均匀;设计独立的定量加料仓,加料工位与成型工位对称分布于工作台上,旋转工作台,加料、成型形成多工位,缩短加料、成型时间。在样机试制成功基础上,将震动填料、定量加料、成型和开模取件等工序按工艺要求合理有序联结,进行自动化升级改造,开发了自动化成型机。该成型机已申请并获得国家实用新型专利,在生产中节约生产时间,提高生产效率。     

Image Analysis,Homogenization, Numerical Simulation and Experiment as Complementary Tools to Enlighten the Relationship between Wood Anatomy and Drying Behavior

Abstract

This paper has been written for a special issue devoted to the works done in France in the field of drying. Therefore, it aims, through numerous examples, to show the spirit which initiates and guides the research work of the Forest Products Unit at ENGREF : how more and more microscopic information can be included in the study of the drying process ?

Two steps are involved :

?microscopic observation and experiments to predict the macroscopic properties

?use of the macroscopic properties (the previous step + experiments carried our at the macroscopic scale) to predict the drying behavior.

In this approach, each prediction comes from a model, that means assumptions, formulations, calculations and then validation.

Several tools (image analysis, homogenization, measurement of microscopic and macroscopic properties, numerical simulation of heat and mass transfer, refined drying experiments) are used to study the drying of wood.     

增粘粒状铵油炸药防水药包的研制

本文介绍了一种将非抗水混合炸药应用于露天水孔爆破作业的新方法。较详细地论述了增粘粒状镂油炸药防水药包的防水原理、工艺流程、主要爆炸性能、应用效果与评价。     

Widows 7环境下电子取证特点分析

随着微软新一代操作系统Windows7的普及,计算机取证调查人员将在实际工作中越来越多的遇到Windows7操作系统,本文介绍了Windows7环境下调查人员需要了解的取证特点以及对取证的影响进行简要的介绍和分析。     

稠油外输离心泵替代双螺杆泵探究

草桥稠油具有粘度高,密度大,外输困难等特点,稠油外输以双螺杆泵为主,因油层出砂严重导致螺杆磨损间隙增大,泵效下降较快,大修周期短、费用高,生产运行难度大。近年来,我们通过试用具有成本低廉、维护简单等特点的离心泵替代双螺杆泵,采取改进外输工艺,降低原油粘度,改善油气分离效果,改造泵前管路及过滤器,增大叶片进口处的过流面积,提高泵的抗汽蚀能力等措施,达到了泵效稳定,降低维修费用,减少能耗的目的,提高了泵站的生产运行质量。     

一种并行的Sticky位计算方法

本文提出了通过基于预处理和逻辑转换的并行Sticky位的计算方法。该方法已经成功地应用到64位高性能CPU的浮点部件设计中，能有效提高浮点部件的延时性能。     

对粘弹性材料力学性质的再认识

以[1]的线性理论为基础,分析粘弹性材料动态压缩试验的压力,变形及加卸卸载速率,据此绘制材料的应力应变曲线,证明粘弹性材料动态压缩试验的加载与卸载曲线不重合,指出卸载阶段约束时试件有不能立即恢复的粘弹性变形,并导出了与粘弹性回复曲线对应的指数衰减函数。     

DK7732型电火花线切割机加工技术的改进

通过对DK7732型电火花线切割机在使用中存在的问题进行分析,提出了解决方法,并针对所提出的解决方法进行了改进。改进后的DK7732型电火花线切割机在使用性能上有了很大的改进。此方法也可以作为DK7732型电火花线切割机生产厂家在进行此类型电火花线切割机生产时借鉴之用。     

Glass Transition and Sticky Point Temperatures and Stability/Mobility Diagram of Fruit Powders

Principal components present in fruits are low molecular weight sugars and some organic acids. They have low glass transition temperature (T _g) and are very hygroscopic in their amorphous state, so the dry product becomes sticky. Water acts as a plasticizer and decreases the glass transition temperature of the product with the increase in moisture content and water activity. To overcome this problem, ingredients having high T _g value, such as maltodextrin, and food grade anti-caking agents were added to prepare vacuum dried fruit powders. The relationship between T _g and a _w provides a simple method for prediction of safe storage temperature at different relative humidities environment. Food powders namely, mango, pineapple, and tomato (3–4% w.b moisture content) were produced by mixing with maltodextrin and tri calcium phosphate at predetermined levels before drying. The relationship among glass transition temperature (T _g), sticky point temperature (T _s), moisture content and water activity of the three powders was represented in a stability/mobility diagram to find out safe storage conditions. Glass transition temperature of the fruit powders were interpreted in terms of the Gordon-Taylor model for verification. Glass transition and sticky point temperatures were compared by plotting them in a graph against moisture content.